Application of KCl-denuder for measuring gas-phase mercuric species(Hg~(2+))in atmosphere

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Maternal cell contamination of amniotic fluid cell cultures from two consecutive pregnancies complicated by fibroids

The detection of maternal cells in amniocyte cultures is thought to be due to the outgrowth of cells from small fragments of maternal tissue removed by the amniocentesis needle. An unusual case is reported in which maternal cell contamination (MCC) was found in the cell cultures from a woman in two different amniocenteses from two consecutive pregnancies. Both pregnancies were complicated by the presence of fibroids and the fibroid tissue may have been the source of the maternal cells. A history of an amniocentesis in which there was MCC of cell cultures, or the detection of fibroids, may pose an additional risk for MCC attributable misdiagnosis in prenatal genetic studies.     

电厂烟囱高度确定的技术方法

烟囱不仅是电厂生产工艺上为获得一定抽力的排气筒,更重要的是控制大气污染保护环境的重要设施.通过研究有关电厂烟囱高度合理性方法,指出影响污染物落地浓度的主要影响因素,并从气象和环境空气影响角度对不同高度烟囱合理性进行检验.本文实例分析结果表明,烟囱高度要以适合当地气象和环境空气质量实际情况为原则,最大限度地减轻污染物落地浓度对当地造成的不利影响,并从技术、经济的合理性方面进行分析和论证,这对减轻污染和减少资金投入以及对于指导环境空气影响评价工作具有重要意义.     

兖州矿业集团鲍店矿区土壤重金属污染评价

对兖州矿业集团鲍店矿区土壤中Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn四种典型重金属元素的污染状况研究结果表明 ,该区土壤中四种元素的平均含量都高于土壤背景值 ,土壤已受到Cd的重污染 ,土壤Zn为警戒级 ,其它元素为安全级。综合污染指数顺序为Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb。     

沥青路面环境问题浅谈

简要分析公路沥青路面在建设期、使用期和服务期满后存在的主要环境问题,并论述各种环境问题产生的原因、危害及其简单的处理方法和措施.     

国内土壤环境污染现状与防治措施

从土壤的污染种类出发,分析了近年来我国土壤污染的现状。介绍了当前国内外土壤的重金属污染和有机污染的修复技术,主要包括物理化学修复法、植物修复法和微生物修复法等。同时针对我国土壤污染日益严重的状况,提出了土壤污染的防治措施,对已经污染的土壤采取有效措施加以修复、改良,同时进一步加强土壤污染综合防治与环境管理。     

长江三角洲地区环境地质问题

长江三角洲地区是中国经济快速发展地区 ,在发展中相应的环境地质问题也较严重。本文阐述了水土污染、地面沉降与海平面上升、区域地下水下降及软土变形与地基稳定性等问题现状。并对今后的发展趋势作出预测     

Maternal cell contamination in cultured chorionic villi: Comparison of chromosome Q-polymorphisms derived from villi,fetal skin,and maternal lymphocytes

Maternal cell contamination of chorionic villi (CV) samples used for first trimester prenatal diagnosis can cause obvious and/or unrecognized diagnostic dilemmas. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the frequency of maternal cell contamination (MCC) in chorionic villus samples and to evaluate selected parameters which might predict where contamination is more likely to have occurred. Maternal lymphocytes, chorionic villi from ultrasonically directed transcervical catheter aspiration, and fetal tissue were obtained at 8–11 weeks gestation from 45 patients undergoing elective termination. Quinacrine (Q) banded metaphases were compared from duplicate direct preparations of chorionic villi; cultured chorionic villi, fetal fibroblast tissue cultures, and maternal lymphocyte cultures. Q-polymorphisms in metaphase chromosomes were 100 per cent concordant between fetal tissue and direct CV preparation. However, evidence for maternal cell contamination occurred in 13.1 per cent of cultured chorionic villi preparations where polymorphisms were found to be identical between maternal and cultured CV and both distinct from fetal tissue preparations. Where MCC was identified, it was noted that CV cell cultivation interval was prolonged (24.2±6.8 days) compared with non-contaminated cultures (14.1±4.4 days) (p <0.05). We conclude that maternal cell contamination is a significant problem with chorionic villus sampling. Where direct preparations are not employed or when cultures are ‘slow growing’, MCC may be a significant and unrecognized complication re: fetal diagnosis. Direct preparations, multiple cultures, quinacrine banding, and maternal Q-polymorphism comparisons can minimize diagnostic dilemmas secondary to maternal cell contamination. Q-polymorphism comparisons between maternal and fetal chromosomes should be included in all instances where cultured chorionic villi are utilized for fetal diagnosis and where direct preparations are not available.     

Correct prenatal diagnosis of a hurler fetus where amniotic fluid cell cultures were of maternal origin

Contamination of amniotic fluid cell cultures by maternal cells can be expected to lead to misdiagnosis of fetal genotype in 0·1 to 0·5/100 cultures, when assays are carried out directly on cultured cells. Chemical analysis of the cell-free amniotic fluid supernatant may overcome this source of error and has the added advantages of speed and independence from amniotic cell culture failure. We describe a pregnancy at risk for Hurler's disease where amniotic cells cultured at amniocentesis had a female karyotype and an α-iduronidase activity towards both phenyl and 4-methylumbelliferyl substrates at the lower end of the normal range, suggesting a heterozygous fetus. An affected fetus was predicted, however, because of a high concentration of dermatan sulphate in the amniotic fluid. The discrepancy between these findings was shown to be due to maternal cell contamination of amniotic fluid cell cultures by the birth of a male infant with Hurler's disease.     

Trace metals distribution in synodontis membranaceus, sediments, Asystasia Gangetica and Platostoma Africanium from Ofuafor River around Delta Glass Factory in Ughelli North Local Government Area, Delta State Nigeria

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