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101.
三峡水库汞活化效应对鱼汞含量影响的预测 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
报道了三峡库区长江干流江段鱼体汞元素的含量范围为0.04 ̄0.42mg/kg(湿重),高于长江水系鱼体汞含量水平。分析了三峡库区鱼体汞含量高的原因,指出三峡库区毗邻武陵山高汞背景区,主要受汞矿开发、高汞燃煤及城市废弃物排放的影响。利用水库汞活化指数模型,预测三峡水库蓄水后库区干流及40条主要支流水域汞的活化效应将增强0.35 ̄1.5倍,鱼体汞含量将是现在鱼汞含量的1.4 ̄2.5倍;并根据不同鱼种汞 相似文献
102.
Lowest Effect Levels of Lead and Mercury on Decomposition of Mor Layer Samples in a Long-Term Experiment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Indications of possible negative effects of lead (Pb) and mercury(Hg) on microbial respiration in Southern Swedish forest humus layers led to experiments on dose-response relationships by additions of metal salts in the laboratory. Respiration rates andweight loss due to decomposition of organic material were measured. For relevance to field situations metal doses were low,the time span was long, 550 days including freeze storage, and microbial activity was kept up by plant litter additions. We looked for effects of Pb and Hg at levels moderately elevated above the Southern Swedish reference, as well as combined effectsof Pb + Hg. A reduction in respiration and decomposition of10% was found at about 225–245 g g-1 of total Pb, i.e. ata Pb level elevated 3.5 times. Although small effects of Hg werefound even at the lowest dose level, 10% inhibition of microbialactivity appeared temporarily at about 2–3 g g-1 of total Hg, i. e. at 6–8 times the reference level. There were nolong-term additive effects of Pb and Hg on decomposition. Type of anion had a strong influence on the test, chlorides of Pbbeing more toxic than nitrates. Long-term monitoring and maintenance of microbial activity during the experiment were prerequisites for the occurrence of effects at low metal levels. 相似文献
103.
AFS-830型双道原子荧光光度计同时测定饮用水中砷、汞 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要探讨应用AFS-830型双道原子荧光光度计,在饮用水监测中同时测定水中砷、汞的方法和技术。此法是在硝酸介质,以硼氢化钠作还原剂,进行原子化,被测元素原子激发出荧光强度值在一定范围内与被测元素的浓度成正比。砷与汞的检出限分别为0.0618和0.0158ug/L。 相似文献
104.
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106.
Mercury (Hg) is a hazardous chemical that accumulates in many cells and tissues, thereby producing toxicity. The kidney is a key target organ for Hg accumulation and toxicity. The contributing factors to Hg accumulation in humans include: (1) elemental and inorganic Hg exposure, often occurring by inhalation of Hg vapors; (2) exposure to methyl Hg (meHg), for example, through contaminated seafood; and (3) exposure to ethyl mercury (etHg) via thimerosal-containing vaccines. Systematic investigations on the toxic effects of etHg/thimerosal on the nervous system were carried out, and etHg/thimerosal emerged as a possible risk factor for autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. There is, however, little known about the mechanisms and molecular interactions underlying toxicity of etHg/thimerosal in the kidney, which is the focus of the current review. Susceptible populations such as infants, pregnant women, and the elderly are exposed to etHg through thimerosal-containing vaccines, and in-depth study of the potential adverse effects on the kidney is needed. In general, toxicity occurring in association with different forms of Hg is related to: intracellular thiol metabolism and oxidative stress reactions; mitochondrial function; intracellular distribution and build-up of calcium; apoptosis; expression of stress proteins; and also interaction with the cytoskeleton. Available evidence for the etHg-induced toxicity in the kidney was examined, and the main mechanisms and molecular interactions of cytotoxicity of etHg/thimerosal exposure in kidney described. Such accumulating knowledge may help to indicate molecular pathways that, if modulated, may better handle Hg-mediated toxicity. 相似文献
107.
为弄清水库沉积物间隙水中汞及甲基汞的分布及扩散特征,于2009年春、夏两季对东风水库进行了采样,分别采用两次金汞齐-CVAFS法和蒸馏-乙基化结合GC-CVAFS法测定沉积物间隙水中溶解态(DHg)和甲基汞(DMeHg)浓度。结果表明夏季沉积物间隙水DHg浓度远高于春季,而DMeHg浓度却略低于春季;沉积物间隙水中DHg和DMeHg均有向上覆水体扩散的趋势,其夏季扩散通量高于春季;间隙水中DMeHg对上覆水体的贡献率大于DHg,最高可达30%,再次证明了沉积物间隙水中的DMeHg是其上覆水体的重要来源。 相似文献
108.
为了研究降水过程中汞浓度变化规律,采集了上海市区2009年7月6日一次连续降水过程中的分时段12个雨水样品,利用冷原子荧光测汞仪测定了总汞、溶解态汞和颗粒态汞浓度.分析结果显示,降水过程各时段雨水样品的总汞浓度变化范围为0.26~0.53 μg·L-1之间,其中溶解态汞占总汞的比例为67.9%~96.8%;总汞浓度和颗粒态汞浓度的总体变化规律较一致,降水事件的前30分钟内浓度较高,之后逐渐降低,最终趋于稳定;溶解态汞浓度从降水事件开始由高到低逐渐变化,最终也趋于稳定.通过清除比计算云下冲刷过程对雨水中总汞浓度的贡献,发现云下冲刷的贡献大于40.9%. 相似文献
109.
高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定生物样品中的有机汞 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了酸提取-高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术(HPLC-ICP-MS)测定生物样品中甲基汞、乙基汞、苯基汞等3种有机汞的分析方法。鱼肉和贝类样品经盐酸消解,苯萃取,硫代硫酸钠溶液反萃取后,采用醋酸铵/L-半胱氨酸缓冲盐及甲醇体系组成的流动相按一定比例进行梯度洗脱,经前处理的生物样品在液相色谱中经C18柱分离后,进入电感耦合等离子体质谱检测其甲基汞、乙基汞和苯基汞的浓度。3种有机汞化合物均在0.50~50.0μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数(r)均大于0.9998。方法检出限为0.010~0.038mg/kg;3种有机汞样品加标的RSD均小于12.2%;两个水平的加标回收率在50.8~129%。 相似文献
110.