主动脉动气流分选处理废弃催化剂

废弃催化剂重整后含有富集贵金属的海绵体和烧结磁珠,二者的有效分选是提纯贵金属富集体的重要环节。主动脉动气流分选装置能够对此物料进行干法分选,避免了湿法分选对物料的改性,有利于贵金属富集体的后续提纯。介绍了主动脉动气流分选装置的结构,分析主动脉动气流分选机理及其动力学模型。通过实际物料进行分选试验。结果表明,在脉动频率为7/3 Hz,气流流速为2.50~6.00 m/s时,总分选效率Ef高于94.50%;在气流流速为3.33 m/s时,分选效率最高,总分选效率Ef可达97.63%。     

Assessment of locomotion behavioral defects induced by acute toxicity from heavy metal exposure in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Locomotion behaviors are susceptible to disruption by a broad spectrum of chemicals and environmental stresses. However, no systematic testing of locomotion behavior defects induced by metal exposure has been conducted in the model organism of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. In this study, the acute toxicity from heavy metal exposure on the locomotion behaviors was analyzed in nematodes. Endpoints of head thrash, body bend, forward turn, backward turn, and Omega/U turn were chosen to evaluate the locomotio...     

Damage to DNA of effective microorganisms by heavy metals: Impact on wastewater treatment

The research is to test the damage to DNA of effective microorganisms(EMs)by heavy metal ions As3+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Hg2+, Pb2+,and Zn2+,as well as the effects of EM bacteria on wastewater treatment capability when their DNA is damaged.The approach applied in this study is to test with COMET assay the damage of EM DNA in wastewater with different concentrations of heavy metal ions As3+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Hg2+,Pb2+,Zn2+,as well as the effects of EM treated with As3+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Hg2+,Pb2+,and Zn2+ on COD degradin...     

重金属污染土壤接种丛枝菌根真菌对蚕豆毒性的影响

采用盆栽实验的方法,研究了重金属（包括Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd）复合污染和接种丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF）Glomus mosseae对蚕豆（Vicia faba）生长及DNA损伤的影响。结果表明,虽然接种菌根真菌对蚕豆生物量的影响并不显著,但是却显著影响植物对重金属的吸收,接种菌根真菌对蚕豆吸收4种重金属元素的作用有差异。采用单细胞凝胶电泳（single cell gel electrophoresis,SCGE）法研究接种菌根真菌对蚕豆叶片的DNA损伤的影响,与重金属吸收的结果相吻合。结果表明,接种处理可显著增加蚕豆叶片的DNA损伤程度,这与接种处理可提高植物的重金属吸收相一致。     

趋磁细菌应用于重金属废水处理的研究进展

趋磁细（magnetotactic bacteria,MTB）是一类能在磁场中做定向运动的特殊细菌,其细胞内含有对磁场具有敏感性的磁小体,它起了导向的作用。作为一种新兴的生物能源,趋磁细菌和磁小体的研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。概述了趋磁细菌的生物种属和磁特性及其处理重金属废水的机理并探讨了趋磁细菌吸附重金属离子各项影响因素。     

鞍山市铁矿景观格局变化的遥感调查

采用1997和2007年2个时相的卫星遥感数据,对鞍山市城区周边铁矿典型景观类型的面积及其10年来的变化进行了遥感调查和分析。结果表明,国有矿山采矿场的面积相对稳定,边界无明显变化,民营矿山采矿场面积增加明显。采矿场面积变化与开采方式有关,国有矿山采用深凹露天开采,对地表破坏较轻,民营矿山采用山坡露天开采,对地表破坏较严重。排岩场的总面积有所增加,个别矿区增加明显。复垦绿地有大幅度增加,但仍低于排岩场扩张的速度。     

煤矿酸性矿井水的形成及主要处理技术

酸性矿井水是煤矿区环境地质灾害的一种重要类型。煤矿酸性矿井水是煤矿开采中由于硫铁矿与空气、水接触,在微生物作用下经过一系列地球化学反应产生的一种危害矿井生产、破坏生态环境的有害矿井排水。文章首先分析了酸性矿井水的形成机理,然后从酸性矿井水的危害入手,分析评价酸性矿井水各种处理方法的优缺点,并对酸性矿井水的处理技术进行总结,最后展望酸性矿井水处理的未来发展方向。     

Effect of Earthworm(Pheretima sp.) Density on Revegetation of Lead/zinc Metal Mine Tailings Amended with Soil

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of earthworm density on the availability of nutrients and heavy metals in metal contaminated soils. Pb/Zn mine tailings were mixed throughly with a red yellow podzolic soil at the ratio (w/w) of 75:25. Earthworms (Pheretima sp.) were introduced to the mixture at four different densities, zero, three, six and nine individuals per pot planted with ryegrass (Loliun multiflorum). The results indicated that earthworm activity significantly enhanced ryegrass shoot biomass. However, as denser earthworm population was introduced, shoot biomass tended to decrease. Earthworm activity significantly increased soil pH and availability of N, P and K in the tailings and soil mixture. There was a general tendency that uptake of Zn by ryegrass increased after earthworm inoculation, although the increase in extractable Zn in tailings and soil mixture was not significant. On the contrary, there seemed to be a lower uptake of Pb by ryegrass under earthworm inoclation, despite the fact that higher extractable Pb concentrations were observed. The present project indicated that the improved growth of ryegrass was due to improved nutrient availability and other soil conditions, by inoculation of earthworms at an appropriate rate. Further studies are needed to illustrate the relationship between metal availability and earthworm activity in the field.     

煤矿安全管理要素探讨

通过对煤矿安全管理要素的分析强调了以人为本的安全管理思路,针对目前煤矿安全管理中存在的一些误区,结合企业实际和其它煤炭企业管理经验,以及安全管理要素相互作用的理论,提出了以＂人＂为本、以＂物＂保＂人＂、以＂环境＂影响＂人＂的管理方法和工作措施。     

矿用重型汽车作业现场碰撞事故模糊故障树分析

矿用重型汽车作业现场碰撞事故属于安全生产重大事故,本文根据现场的事故案例运用事故树分析方法,解析出69个导致碰撞事故发生的最小割集。借助于故障树结构重要度,找出对运输碰撞事故系统里底事件中的主要诱发因素,识别出系统关键节点的危险性,寻求预防同类碰撞事故发生的各种有效措施。由于构成割集的底事件本身就带就有一定的模糊性,所以运用模糊数学方法克服了传统的故障树分析方法中确定底事件发生概率的困难,为解决故障树种的模糊性问题提供了一种研究思路,在管理资源有限的条件下,为矿用重型汽车运行安全评价和安全管理提供可靠的保障。