地震荷载作用下埋地玻璃钢夹砂管的动力响应分析

玻璃钢夹砂管在土木水利工程领域得到了愈来愈广泛的应用,但现有的埋地管道地震响应分析模型大多不考虑管-土动力相互作用,且多针对均质材料管道,无法应用于具有明显层状复合材料结构特征的玻璃钢夹砂管。基于玻璃钢夹砂管的层状复合材料结构特征,建立了完整的埋地玻璃钢夹砂管地震响应分析模型,在数值分析模型中,考虑了管-土间复杂的动力相互作用,以及地震散射波从有限域向无限域的传播。算例分析表明,所建立的埋地玻璃钢夹砂管地震响应分析模型可合理地分析埋地玻璃钢夹砂管在地震荷载作用下的动力响应。     

Application of Unknown Groundwater Pollution Source Release History Estimation Methodology to Distributed Sources Incorporating Surface-Groundwater Interactions

Sources of contamination of groundwater are often difficult to characterize. However, it is essential for effective remediation of polluted groundwater resources. This study demonstrates an application of the linked simulation-optimization based methodology to estimate the release history from spatially distributed sources of pollution at an illustrative abandoned mine-site. In linked simulation-optimization approaches a numerical groundwater flow and transport simulation model is linked to the optimization model. In this study, topographic and geologic characteristics of the abandoned mine-site were simulated using a three-dimensional (3D) numerical groundwater flow model. Transport of contaminant in the groundwater was simulated using a 3D transient advective-dispersive contaminant transport model. Adsorption or chemical reaction of the contaminant was not considered in the contaminant transport model. Adaptive simulated annealing (ASA) was employed for solving the optimization problem. An optimization algorithm generates the candidate solutions corresponding to various unknown groundwater source characteristics. The candidate solutions are used as input in the numerical groundwater transport simulation model to generate the concentration of pollutant in the study area. This information is used to calculate the objective function value, which is utilized by the optimization algorithm to improve the candidate solution. This process continues until an optimal solution is obtained. Optimal solutions obtained in this study show that the linked simulation-optimization based methodology is potentially applicable for the characterization of spatially distributed pollutant sources, typically present at abandoned mine-sites.     

活性污泥中温与高温絮凝特性

为了揭示中温与高温活性污泥的絮凝特性及其作用机制,本研究采用序批式反应器,分别在35℃及55℃条件下培养了中温与高温活性污泥,考查了2种活性污泥的相互作用能与胞外聚合物的特性。研究结果表明：高温污泥系统出水浊度为（145±22．9）NTU,是中温污泥系统的近50倍。中温污泥的相互作用能曲线存在明显的势垒（313．4×10^-20J）,而高温污泥不存在明显势垒;高温污泥的松散型胞外聚合物与紧致型胞外聚合物的含量分别为中温污泥的12倍及3．5倍,且胞外聚合物中蛋白质、多糖、腐殖酸和DNA的含量均高于中温污泥的含量。这表明,尽管高温污泥相互作用能势垒低,但其胞外聚合物,尤其是松散型胞外聚合物含量过高,是高温污泥絮凝性能低的内在机制,而胞外聚合物组成特征不是中温和高温污泥絮凝性能差异的主要原因。     

国际机制视角下的东北亚环境合作

摘要由于环境问题与区域地理因素、生态环境系统的紧密关系,从而使当今的环境问题跨越了主权国家的地理边界,渗透到整个区域甚至全球生态系统.环境合作有助于促进环境领域内国际机制的建设和发展,国际机制的功能性能够推动环境合作的不断深化,环境合作与国际机制之间的互动机理推动了环境合作机制的建构.共同利益、依赖路径、机制内容和机制效能是全面评估环境合作机制的四大基础要件.随着近些年来东北亚地区环境问题越来越突出,不断加强和持续深化环境领域合作成为域内各国的当务之急.东北亚环境合作机制是维护东北亚环境合作的重要工具之一,是推动东北亚环境合作发展的重要途径.目前东北亚环境合作不断走向务实,形成了多领域、多层次、多渠道的格局,环境领域的机制化建设逐步明显,但是东北亚环境合作机制建设仍然处于起步阶段,还需要长期有效的建设和完善.大力推进和不断深化东北亚环境合作机制建设,应当以域内各国在环境领域的共同利益为基础,顺畅环境合作方面的依赖路径,进一步完善地区环境合作机制的框架和内容并切实发挥其效能.     

Sensitized effect of β-cyclodextrin on the fluorescence in the determination of carbaryl

Based on the significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity of carbaryl in inclusion complex, a spetrofluorimetric method with high sensitivity was developed for the determination of carbaryl in aqueous solution. Under the optimum conditions, the complex had excitation and emission maxima at 278 nm and 332 nm, respectively. The linear range of the method was 7.0 ng/ml-1500 ng/ml with a detection limit of 1.2 ng/ml. The proposed method was successfully used to determine quantitatively of carbaryl in cottonseeds.     

Mixing regime shapes the community assembly process, microbial interaction and proliferation of cyanobacterial species Planktothrix in a stratified lake

Lake mixing influences aquatic chemical properties and microbial community composition,and thus, we hypothesized that it would alter microbial community assembly and interaction. To clarify this issue, we explored the community assembly processes and cooccurrence networks in four seasons at two depths(epilimnion and hypolimnion) in a mesotrophic and stratified lake(Chenghai Lake), which formed stratification in the summer and turnover in the winter. During the stratification period, the epilimni...     

On a combined theory of pay level satisfaction

For decades, research on pay level satisfaction has focused on two theories and one approach: the direct link theory, the discrepancy theory, and the no‐difference‐scores approach. However, there are still unsolved puzzles facing pay level satisfaction research. We develop a combined theory to consider the impact of the interaction of reported pay and pay discrepancy. With this newly developed theory, we expect that (a) both reported pay and pay discrepancy have main effects on pay level satisfaction; (b) reported pay and pay discrepancy also interact with each other, in that the effect of pay discrepancy on pay level satisfaction decreases as pay level increases; (c) equitable payment is more related to pay level dissatisfaction when pay level is low; and (d) overpayment in general is related to pay level satisfaction, not dissatisfaction. An empirical study (N = 481) using four types of comparison standards was conducted, and the results supported our predictions. The findings of our study have important implications for both academic research and management practice.     

微系统人机界面的安全信息流模型构建及其应用

为提高系统安全水平,进一步丰富安全系统学理论内容,对微系统内人机界面的安全信息流过程、模型及其应用进行深入研究。论述安全信息流与人机交互过程理论,为模型构建奠定理论基础;运用安全模型原理,从信息传播角度建立人机界面的安全信息流模型并分析模型的内涵和意义;将所建模型应用于具体情景的仿真模拟,以验证其适用性和合理性。研究结果表明:模型刻画了系统内安全信息流动轨迹,有利于揭示系统安全演化行为机理,对提高系统安全水平具有重要的理论指导意义。     

The secret life of pets: The intersection of animals and organizational life

Although often overlooked, pets and other animals intersect with organizations in interesting, important ways. We seek to define how various animals intersect with organizations, highlight opportunities for theory development, and illustrate important areas for future research. We also explore how pandemics such as COVID-19 might affect the animals we highlight.     

Efficient removal and mechanisms of water soluble aromatic contaminants by a reduced-charge bentonite modified with benzyltrimethylammonium cation

A novel strategy utilizing the phenyls interaction and the hydrophobic affinity of available siloxane surface in the interlayer of bentonite was proposed to improve the sorption capabilities of organobentonites for water soluble aromatic contaminants. A unique organobentonite (65BTMA) was synthesized by intercalating benzyltrimethylammonium cation (BTMA⁺) into the interlayer of a reduced-charge bentonite with cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 65 cmol kg⁻¹. Phenol, aniline and toluene were used as model compounds of water soluble aromatic contaminants. Their respective removal efficiencies by 65BTMA were achieved at 83.3%, 89.2% and 97.3% at the initial concentration of 20 mg l⁻¹. To reveal the sorption mechanism, sorption characteristics of aromatic contaminants to 65BTMA were compared with that of aliphatic contaminants in similar molecular size. And various organobentonites were prepared by combining TMA⁺ (tetramethylammonium), BTMA⁺, HTMA⁺ (heptyltrimethylammonium) and CTMA⁺ (cetyltrimethylammonium) with two bentonites (CEC = 108 and 65 cmol kg⁻¹). To 65BTMA, sorption magnitudes of aromatic contaminants were much greater than that of aliphatic compounds with similar size; and dramatically higher than those to other organobentonites at low pollutant concentrations. These observations revealed that the strong phenyls interactions contributed significantly to sorb the aqueous soluble aromatic contaminants to 65BTMA (>90%), and which favored to design uniquely powerful sorbents.