隧道盾构下穿车站出入口数值仿真对比研究

运用基于有限单元法的Ansys软件和基于有限差分法的Flac3D软件作为基本工具,选用满足Drucker-Prager(D-P)屈服准则和Mohr-Coulomb(M-C)屈服准则的材料弹塑性模型,对某隧道盾构下穿近距离既有地铁出入口人行通道的施工过程进行数值仿真分析;得出其地层变位规律及对结构内力和变形产生的影响;将所得计算数值与实测数据进行对比研究,其结果相当吻合;同时对不同软件及不同屈服准则的选用所引起的计算结果的差异进行分析比较,所得规律可为类似工程的设计与施工以及相关软件计算结果的使用提供依据和支持。     

洪泽湖渔业水质监测点位优化布设

基于2001—2011年洪泽湖水质溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、总氮、氨氮和总磷长期定位监测数据,采用物元分析法研究洪泽湖渔业水质监测站位的优化布设。结果表明,用物元分析法将原来的21个监测站位优化为14个,监测点位优化后对监测结果无明显影响。     

不同滤筒中无机元素含量探讨

选择国内10家制造商的玻璃纤维滤筒和国外2家制造商的石英滤筒,分别测定空白滤筒中的铍、铬、铅等17种元素,探讨不同滤筒中各元素的含量分布,同时结合相关分析方法标准的质控要求,评价各制造商玻璃纤维滤筒在废气监测中的适用性。     

熵权物元分析模型在湖泊富营养化评价中的应用

根据熵权法确定评价指标权重,利用物元分析方法对湖泊富营养化进行综合评价,评价结果与属性识别理论方法、模糊隶属函数法进行对比,结果表明,利用物元分析法进行湖泊富营养化评价是可行的。     

基于温度循环失效机理的铝制金属密封圈疲劳寿命仿真

目的 解决真空法兰密封中的金属密封圈寿命难以预测的问题.方法 基于金属密封圈的失效机理,提出一种疲劳仿真方法 ,对金属密封圈的使用寿命进行有效预测.通过有限元仿真方法 对金属密封圈安装过程及其使用过程进行仿真模拟,得到金属密封圈使用过程的应力分布,然后结合Conffin-Manson疲劳模型,对金属密封圈的使用寿命进行...     

肘部张力对防静电无尘服功能的影响研究

本文模拟并计算了穿着状态下防静电无尘服肘部所受到的张力作用,以确定在穿用过程中服装受到的最大作用力。根据模拟计算结果,对在穿着状态下肘部张力对防静电服功能性的影响进行了实验研究,并对降低服装穿着时张力对性能的不良影响,提出了改进方法和建议。     

Kinetic and 2D reactor modeling for simulation of the catalytic reduction of NOx in the monolith honeycomb reactor

Emission of NO_x is of primary environmental concern in the oil sands industry. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is one of the best NO_x reduction technologies. The present study discusses the testing of a mechanistic kinetic model for the SCR of NO_x to describe the kinetics of V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalysis at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 623 K in a monolith honeycomb reactor. The modeling results impart insight into the significance of the diffusion with reaction steps and guidance for optimal monolith design for SCR. The validated expression would predict the conversion performance of the catalysts for different values of temperature inlet and ammonia concentration. A good agreement between experimental and model results has been obtained. A heterogeneous numerical model consisting of coupled mass and momentum balance equations was solved using the finite elements method without neglecting the axial dispersion term. The operating range for the catalyst relies on the NO conversion and emission. The optimum operating range for the best performance of the reactor is discussed.     

Factors affecting distribution and mobility of trace elements (Cu, Pb, Zn) in a perennial grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in the Champagne region of France

Soil and Vitis vinifera L. (coarse and fine roots, leaves, berries) concentration and geochemical partitioning of Cu, Pb and Zn were determined in a contaminated calcareous Champagne plot to assess their mobility and transfer. Accumulation ratios in roots remained low (0.1-0.4 for Cu and Zn, <0.05 for Pb). Differences between elements resulted from vegetation uptake strategy and soil partitioning. Copper, significantly associated with the oxidisable fraction (27.8%), and Zn with the acid soluble fraction (33.3%), could be mobilised by rhizosphere acidification and oxidisation, unlike Pb, essentially contained in the reducible fraction (72.4%). Roots should not be considered as a whole since the more reactive fine roots showed higher accumulation ratios than coarse ones. More sensitive response of fine roots, lack of correlation between chemical extraction results and vegetation concentrations, and very limited translocation to aerial parts showed that fine root concentrations should be used when assessing bioavailability.     

地质环境评价方法应用比较研究——以小秦岭金矿区为例

针对不同的环境评价方法在特定领域获得广泛的应用,但是在其他领域却又存在一定局限性的状况。本文选取了目前常用的四种环境评价方法：主分量分析法、物元评价法、模糊数学评价法、灰色聚类评价法,对各自评价机理进行了介绍,然后以小秦岭金矿区为例,将其应用于地质评价领域,根据得到的结果从四个方面对评价方法作了比较分析,得出了这四种方法在地质评价领域的优点和不足。     

Some 2D–3D aspects of shielding of longitudinal sources of extremely low frequency magnetic fields

Typical sources of extremely low frequency magnetic fields include components of the power network and, as an extension, AC railway powering. The majority of these sources have longitudinal shapes. There is sometimes the need to reduce these fields in specific areas of interest. In this article, practical aspects are studied of shielding design when this type of source is involved. The focus is on design features not often treated in the shielding literature. One aspect relates to the differences between 2D and 3D simulations and experimental validation for a relatively long system of conductor and shield; as an example, the screening of the magnetic field of a railway system is presented. Another aspect relates to issues that arise when edge effects become relevant for actual systems. It is established that shielding factors are considerably improved when shielding of the edges is properly taken into account. The presence of gaps or loose contacts that are often responsible for low shielding efficiency is also studied. Experimental tests show that overlapping shields or the use of conductive patches significantly improves shielding efficiency. A last aspect is related to cost-effectiveness of shielding designs; in this case, numerical computations are used for benchmarking shielding properties for long busbars in secondary substations.