Environmental safety via a clean technology of diamond extraction—a laboratory experiment

Before diamonds can be made beautiful, they have to be removed from their natural state within the kimberlite ore. Breaking of the ore in crushers is not very effective since the diamonds are subjected in the process to a high dynamic load that damages them and reduces their market value. A new method was developed for extracting diamonds from the ore with minimized damage. The chunks of ore are processed in specialized solutions under a special regime. As a result, the ore loses its hardness and disintegrates under weak mechanical action, and the quantity and quality of diamonds extracted from the same volume of ore is increased. The method may be realized in a closed cycle without waste, and guarantees a high level of environmental safety.     

湖南某地采铀试验工程废水处理工艺设计

通过分析湖南境内某铀矿原地爆破浸出、地表堆浸采铀试验工程工艺流程以及该工程产生的废水源强及性质,介绍了BaCl2-Ca(OH)2中和沉淀法对该股废水处理的可行性及达到的效果。     

金尾矿综合利用技术研究与应用进展

黄金矿石的品位低,经选冶后产生比其他金属矿石更多的尾矿。黄金矿山每天尾矿的大量排放,造成了黄金及其他有价金属的流失,同时大量的尾矿堆积,对环境带来极大的危害。为了进一步回收有价金属,保护矿区的生态环境,本文介绍了尾矿的综合利用技术,其中重点介绍了尾矿中有价元素的综合回收技术,进一步变废为宝,开发宝贵的二次资源。     

An integrated investigation of biomarkers’ response in crabs (Liocarcinus depurator) and benthic indices at a metalliferous waste discharge area in North Evoikos gulf,Greece

This study applied biomarkers and benthic indices at an area in North Evoikos Gulf, Greece, affected by metalliferous slag disposal. Biomarkers of antioxidant defense (catalase, glutathione S-transferase), and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase) were measured in crabs Liocarcinus depurator. Iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations in sediments and crabs were also measured. High levels of all metals were found in sediments at the disposal area. Metal levels in the crabs were also higher in the disposal area although spatial differences were not as marked as in the sediments. Accordingly, biomarker responses of crabs in the disposal area were also noted suggesting impact on the antioxidant defense of the organisms against oxidative stress. Benthic indices showed disturbance in the disposal area. The combined approach of measuring biomarkers and contaminant levels in the crabs and sediment was complementary to the benthic indices approach providing indications of metal exposure related effects. Our results support the idea that a twofold monitoring approach of assessing both the benthic community structure shifts and the biomarkers and metal accumulation levels may integrate and capture both the structural and the toxicological effects of dumping onto the benthic communities.     

氯化镁微胶囊泡沫作用机理及阻化效果研究

针对现有硫化矿石自燃防治技术在应用中存在的不足,提出了采用氯化镁微胶囊泡沫防治硫化矿石自燃火灾的新思路。首先阐述了氯化镁微胶囊泡沫的特性与作用机理,然后通过实验,制备了微胶囊与微胶囊泡沫并以正交试验确定了制备微胶囊泡沫的最佳配方:微胶囊与水质量比为1∶5、ABS浓度为6 g/L、稳泡剂X浓度为6 g/L;最后采用对照实验,以温度与阻化率为优选依据,对氯化镁微胶囊泡沫、氯化镁溶液与水三者的阻化效果进行比较。结果表明在氯化镁微胶囊泡沫的作用下,硫化矿石堆的温度上升最慢,阻化率最高,达到81.6%,阻化效果优于其他两种阻化剂。     

武钢炼铁厂7~#高炉供料系统槽上除尘设计

介绍了武钢7#高炉供料系统槽上除尘设计的考虑因素,针对各种方法的优缺点,采用了槽上侧边抽风加移动式除尘通风口的除尘工艺,取得了很好的除尘效果。并给出了上料过程中产生的粉尘特性及所采用的除尘设备的主要参数,可供参考。     

基于RS-云模型的硫化矿石自燃倾向性综合评价

为实现硫化矿石自燃倾向性的综合评价,应用云理论,选取矿样的氧化质量增加率、自热点和自燃点等定量化指标构建了评价指标体系,运用粗糙集法（Rough Set, RS）计算各评价指标权重,依据分级标准对云模型进行标准化,进而建立硫化矿石自燃倾向性分级的RS-标准云模型。以30组工程实例进行模型检验,并在实际工程中进行应用。结果表明:RS-标准云模型的判别结果与实际结果较吻合,且判别准确率高于贝叶斯(Bayesian, Bayes)方法,表明RS-标准云模型在硫化矿石自燃倾向性综合评价中具有良好的实用性和可靠性,可为矿山的硫化矿石自燃灾害的研究提供一种新思路。     

氧化速度对硫化矿石堆积体温度场变化影响的数值模拟方法研究

基于绝热温升模型和有限元数值计算方法,确定硫化矿石堆积体自燃预测指标,研究氧化速度对硫化矿石堆积体温度场的影响,建立硫化矿石堆积体温度场数值模型。计算结果表明,硫化矿石的氧化速度受到多重因素影响,通过调整参数m值反映堆积体中矿料氧化速度的快慢。随着m值的增大,氧化速度增大,堆积过程中以及后期堆放早期的最高温度值显著升高,而在堆放后期整体温度分布基本相同;其形心点的最高温度也增大,堆放后期该点温度值基本保持不变。     

铁矿洗选项目环评要点探讨

结合铁矿洗选项目环评及运行的实际情况,探讨此类项目环评过程中需要考虑的诸多环节,提出具有可操作性的解决方法,对铁矿洗选企业的环境保护和有关项目的环境影响评价有一定的借鉴意义。