微乳法制备Fe-TiO_2纳米晶复合体及光催化性能

采用微乳法制备铁掺杂TiO2纳米晶（Fe-TiO2）复合体,通过热重-差热（TG-DTA）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和紫外漫反射光谱（DRS）等对其结构和形态进行表征;以亚甲基蓝溶液（MB）为标准模拟降解物,对Fe-TiO2,纯TiO2和P25光催化降解性能进行评价。结果表明,Fe-TiO2的光催化活性明显〉P25,原因是Fe掺杂不仅能抑制TiO2晶粒生长,提高TiO2的热稳定性和比表面积,而且能够拓展TiO2的吸收波长范围至可见光区,提高了Ti3＋离子浓度,降低了光生载流子的复合几率。     

CuO/TiO2-H2O2可见光催化亚甲基蓝脱色效果及影响因素研究

以水解法制备的锐钛矿型TiO2为载体,制备了CuO/TiO2型光催化剂.以亚甲基蓝为对象,在可见光照射下研究了H2O3加入量、pH值和催化剂投加量对脱色效果的影响,同时与改性前的TiO2催化剂进行了脱色效果的对比.结果表明亚甲基蓝在碱性条件下能较好脱色,H2O2用量和CuO/TiO2催化剂投加量分别为每1 000 mL反应液各加入10 mL和0.1 g时脱色最好;另外,TiO2催化剂也在碱性条件下能较好脱色,H2O2用量和催化剂投加量分别为每1 000 mL反应液各加入12.5 mL和0.1 g时脱色最好.最优条件下对比实验表明,CuO/TiO2型催化剂在可见光照射下具有很高的催化活性,亚甲基蓝2 h脱色率达到88%,远好于改性前的TiO2和Degussa P25催化剂.     

Thermochemical esterifying citric acid onto lignocellulose for enhancing methylene blue sorption capacity of rice straw

In this paper, rice straw was esterified thermochemically with citric acid (CA) to produce potentially biodegradable cationic sorbent. The modified rice straw (MRS) and crude rice straw (CRS) were evaluated for their methylene blue (MB) removal capacity from aqueous solution. The effects of various experimental parameters (e.g., initial pH, sorbent dose, dye concentration, ion strength, and contact time) were examined. The ratio of MB sorbed on CRS increased as the initial pH was increased from pH 2 to 10. For MRS, the MB removal ratio came up to the maximum value beyond pH 3. The 1.5g/l or up of MRS could almost completely remove the dye from 250mg/l of MB solution. The ratio of MB sorbed kept above 98% over a range from 50 to 450mg/l of MB concentration when 2.0g/l of MRS was used. Increase in ion strength of solution induced decline of MB sorption. The isothermal data fitted the Langmuir model. The sorption processes followed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The intraparticle diffusion rate constant (k(id)) was greatly increased due to modification.     

黑曲霉对弱酸性艳兰RAWL的吸附动力学和热力学研究

借助吸附等温线比较了不同pH以及完整细胞与单细胞壁染料生物的吸附性能差异,化学修饰研究了菌体表面不同官能团对染料吸附的贡献,考察了不同温度下染料生物的吸附动力学,并进行了模型拟合.结果表明,黑曲霉的染料吸附较好地符合Freundlich方程( R2 ＞0.99),低pH值有利于染料吸附;染料吸附不仅发生在细胞壁,细胞内部也可发生;表面氨基作为主要的吸附官能团,其质子化导致的菌体正电荷和染料负离子间的静电引力作用是染料吸附的重要机理;吸附动力学可用拟二级速率方程描述( R2 =0.999 9);吸附活化能 Ea=5.21 kJ/mol,表明吸附具一定的活化性.     

信息家电远程控制系统及其安全

利用蓝牙技术构建信息家电网络,通过Internet或PSTN(公共交换电话网)对信息家电实现远程控制。笔者给出了基于蓝牙技术的信息家电网络的组成,设计了基于PSTN的远程控制系统。系统采用单片机控制,用户可使用固定电话或手机,根据系统提供的语音提示对其进行远程控制。输入初始密码,由双音多频收号器接收密码,并由系统进行验证,只有正确输入密码,用户才有权对系统进行操作,且可连续对信息家电系统中多个设备实施远程控制。初始密码验证通过后,用户可以根据语音提示很方便地进行密码的设置和修改。通过设置密码和蓝牙技术的安全机制,提供了信息家电网络和远程控制系统的安全保障。     

在线浓缩-流动注射分光光度法测定海水中痕量的镉

本文针对海水中镉含量低、海水基体干扰严重等特点，建立了在线浓缩一流动注射分光光度法测定海水中痕量镉的新方法。优化了Cd（Ⅱ）的显色条件、浓缩条件和解吸条件，在最佳检测条件下，Cd（Ⅱ）的检出限为0．02μg/L，线性范围为0．05～2μg/L，相对标准偏差RSD为2.74％（n=g，Ccd（Ⅱ）=1μg／L）。将该方法应用于实际海水中Cd（Ⅱ）的测定。结果满意。     

水中硫化物测定方法的研究

改进了用于水中硫化物测定的酸化－吹取－吸收预处理方法,对样样预处理条件及校准曲线的制作 进行了详细试验。该方法具有吹取完全,吸收安全、操作简单、准确度高的优点,适用于水和废水中微量硫化物的测定。     

新显色试剂的合成及在环境监测中的应用研究

合成了一种新三氮烯类显色剂--6-甲氧基苯并噻唑重氮氨基-2,6-二溴-4-羧基苯(简称MBTDABPCP),并研究了其与镉的显色反应.拟定了在SDS存在的Na₂₄₇-HCl缓冲溶液(pH为8.5)中,测定镉的新方法.可用于废水中微量镉的测定.      

Determination of arsenic in air particulates and diesel exhaust particulates by spectrophotometry

A method was developed for the determination of trace arsenic by spectrophotometry. The proposed method is rapid, simple,and inexpensive. This method can be used for sensitive determination of trace arsenic in environmental samples and especially in air particulates. The results obtained by this method as a proposed method were compared with those obtained by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry as a popular reported method for the determination of arsenic and an excellent agreement was found between them. The method was also used for determination of arsenic associated with airborne particulate matter and diesel exhaust particulates.The results showed that considerable amount of arsenic are associated with diesel engine particulates. The variation in concentration of arsenic was also investigated. The atmospheric concentration of arsenic was different in different sampling stations was dependent to the traffic density.     

阻抑动力学光度法测定痕量邻二硝基苯

研究发现,在盐酸介质中,痕量邻二硝基苯能灵敏地阻抑溴酸钾氧化甲基红褪色的反应。研究了该阻抑褪色反应的最佳条件,建立了一种测定痕量邻二硝基苯的新方法。该方法线性范围为0.0～0.16μg,检测限为1.15×10-10gmL。用于环境水样中邻二硝基苯的测定,结果满意。