Establishment the relationship between water quality parameter and micro plastic concentration for Adyar and Cooum estuary

Increasing micro plastic concentration in the marine environment is a severe threat to the marine ecosystem and indirectly to human society depending on the marine environment. Also, the surface and subsurface water quality parameters are the indicators of the usability of the water sources for human activities. The primary source of micro plastic is the water river systems from land to sea. This study establishes a correlation between water quality parameters and micro plastic concentration to find the most suitable quality parameter for finding the micro plastic concentration in urban coastal estuaries of Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. Twenty samples from Adyar and Cooum estuaries were collected, with ten each on August 2019 and August 2020. They are tested for temperature pH, EC, Turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Salinity and micro plastic concentrations. Correlation tests such as Pearson's and Spearman's are performed based on the initial Normality and Homogeneity test. The results show that all the parameters are significantly not correlated with the Micro plastic Concentration, and Micro plastic Concentration is considered an independent factor.     

某抽水蓄能电站工程区断裂断层泥研究

通过断裂断层泥的粒度成分分析、粒度分形和石英颗粒形貌(SEM)特征观测等方法来分析与评价某抽水蓄能电站工程区断裂活动性,从而得出工程的稳定性。这一研究对大型地下工程场区稳定性综合论证及对地下硐室合理选址、设计以及确保工程安全等具有重要的应用价值。     

基于不同出行方式的城市微观主体碳排放研究

从城市微观主体的角度出发,通过构建城市微观主体碳排放评测模型,探讨了城市微观主体土地利用模式对碳排放的影响。以南京市某单位为例,采用交通周转量与连续逼近法,对研究单位园区间流通带来的碳排放进行了评测。结果表明,交通方式的选择对碳排放量的影响较显著,不同交通方式的碳排放量排序为:城市公交<综合交通<单位通勤<私人轿车。     

荠菜叶挥发性成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法对荠菜叶挥发油进行了提取。通过毛细管气相色谱—质谱联用法分离并鉴定了其化学成分,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量,共分离确定了其中12种化合物,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的65.62%,主要化学成分为：L-胍基琥珀酰亚胺（21.28%）、植醇（18%）、植酮（9.6%）、油酸（4.71%）、棕榈酸（3.97%）等。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定水中痕量有机氯农药

建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱联用快速测定水中14种痕量有机氯农药的方法,对比研究了浸入式直接固相微萃取与顶空固相微萃取两种方式对不同有机氯农药的富集效率,优化了试验条件.方法线性关系良好,检出限为0.1 ng/L～10 ng/L,定量下限为0.2 ng/L～40 ng/L,RSD＜8%,实际水样的加标回收率为67.0%～133%.     

九龙壁石的显微结构和元素分析

福建九龙江流域分布的九龙壁石,经分析为透辉石矽卡岩,主要成分为透辉石,斜长石及石英等构成.其化学元素为Si、Ca、Al、Fe、Mg等24种.九龙壁石花纹美丽,可作工艺品等.     

重金属对2-氯酚厌氧降解及微生态结构的影响

研究了Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Ni²⁺对2-氯酚(2-CP)厌氧降解及其微生态结构的影响.结果表明,重金属冲击对连续流厌氧系统具有明显的抑制作用,抑制程度为Cu²⁺>Ni²⁺>Cd²⁺;300mg/L重金属冲击使系统降解率低于30%,需驯化40d左右才能恢复,其中受Ni冲击的体系恢复较快;不同浓度金属离子对2-CP间歇降解系统的抑制作用同样为Cu²⁺>Niv²⁺>Cd²⁺;低浓度重金属离子的驯化能提高污泥对重金属的抗性,驯化后300mg/Lcu²⁺和Ni²⁺对降解速率的抑制均降低了45%左右.重金属对厌氧体系的抑制作用和对厌氧污泥微生态结构的影响之间具有很大相关性,厌氧微生态结构受Cu²⁺冲击后影响最大,受Ni²⁺影响后恢复最快.     

六类餐饮源排放PM2.5化学成分谱

大气颗粒物源成分谱可以表征源排放颗粒物的理化特征,为受体模型开展来源解析研究提供基础数据.餐饮油烟排放是室内外环境大气污染的来源之一,当前餐饮源排放PM_2.5的化学成分谱仍然缺乏.该研究分别在成都市、武汉市和天津市采集了29组6种餐饮源（居民烹饪、火锅店、烧烤店、职工食堂、中餐馆、商场综合餐饮）排放的PM_2.5样品,分析无机元素、离子、碳、多环芳烃（PAHs）等化学组分,并构建了餐饮源排放颗粒物化学成分谱.结果表明:①餐饮源排放PM_2.5化学成分中的主要组分为OC（有机碳）、EC（元素碳）、Ca、Al、Fe、NH₄+、SO₄2-、NO₃-、Na+、K+、Mg2+和Cl-,其中w（OC）最高,为41.67%~57.91%.②餐饮源排放PM_2.5的PAHs中,3环和4环占比较高,其中芴（Flu）、菲（Phe）、荧蒽（Fla）、芘（Pyr）的质量分数相对其他物质较高.研究显示:餐饮源排放PM_2.5中OC/EC约为15.99~67.61,在一定程度上可以用来表征餐饮源排放;Fla/（Fla+Pyr）和InP/（InP+BghiP）多集中在0.45~0.55之间,或可作为标识餐饮源的特征比值.      

天津市冬季近地层颗粒物垂直分布特征研究

为了解天津市冬季近地层颗粒物垂直分布特征,于2013年12月23日—2014年1月18日,利用Andersen撞击式采样器在天津大气边界层观测站采集10 m和220 m高度颗粒物样品,分析了水溶性离子、碳组分.结果表明,不同天气下不同粒径颗粒物质量浓度分布均呈双峰形,峰值出现在1.1~2.1μm和9.0~10μm粒径段.PM10浓度均随高度的增加而降低,污染日和清洁日最大浓度峰值分别出现在1.1~2.1μm、9.0~10μm粒径段.污染日SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、NH_4~+等二次离子质量浓度、百分占比及OC/EC的比值均随高度的上升而增加;清洁日二次离子质量浓度随着高度的上升而降低,但百分占比随着高度的上升而增加,OC/EC的比值均随高度的上升基本保持稳定.污染日SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、Cl~-质量浓度及百分占比均较清洁日增加明显,燃煤、机动车及二次离子为颗粒物的主要来源,并在220 m高度二次污染较重.污染日和清洁日下NO_3~-/SO_4~(2-)的比值均随着高度的上升而增加,低层机动车排放对亚微米模态(1μm)贡献明显,而对于粗粒径段,燃煤源的贡献则大于机动车.污染日和清洁日二次离子、OC、EC主要富集于细粒子,Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+等一次离子主要富集于粗粒子.     

Comparison of inorganic chemical compositions of atmospheric TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in northern and southern Chinese coastal cities

To compare the inorganic chemical compositions of TSP(total suspended paniculate),PM_(10)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) and PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) in southern and northern cities in China,atmospheric particles were synchronously collected in Dalian(the northern city)and Xiamen(the southern city) in spring and autumn of 2004.The mass concentrations,twenty-three elements and nine soluble ions were assessed.The results show that in Dalian,the mass concentrations of Mg,Al,Ca,Mn and Fe in spring were 4.0-10.1,2.6-8.0,4.1-12,1.2-3.6 and 2.9-7.9 times higher,respectively,than those in Xiamen.The dust storm influence is more obvious in Dalian in spring.However,in Xiamen,heavy metals accounted for 13.9%-17.9%of TSP,while heavy metals contributed to 5.5%-9.3%of TSP in Dalian.These concentrations suggest that heavy metal pollution in Xiamen was more serious.In addition,the concentrations of Na~+,Cl~-,Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+) were higher in Dalian due to the influence of marine aerosol,construction activities and soil dust.The NO~(3-)/SO_4~(2-) ratios in Dalian(0.25-0.49) were lower than those in Xiamen(0.51-0.62),indicating that the contributions of vehicle emission to particles in Xiamen were higher.Coefficient of divergence values was higher than 0.40,implying that the inorganic chemical composition profiles for the particles of Dalian and Xiamen were quite different from each other.