新型高效微生物絮凝剂在废水处理中的应用

介绍了新型微生物絮凝剂的国内外研究进展和应用现状,并对今后的发展趋势作了展望。通过对微生物絮凝剂在废水处理中的分析,提出应加强对生物絮凝剂产生菌选育的研究,利用现代分子生物学技术和转基因技术构建基因工程菌株;寻找廉价的培养基,开发复合型生物絮凝剂。     

电子产品环境应力筛选温度稳定性测试研究

以GJB 150,GJB 1032中温度稳定测试方法为基础,通过对比温度稳定时间在不同标准中的要求与不同的测试方法,把GJB 1032中的温度稳定的测试方法及分析方法应用于实际电子产品,采用非接触式测量和接触式测量获得了产品的温场分布及产品在环境应力筛选时的温度稳定时间。     

钢砂自动吸送装置设计

文章利用气力输送技术对钢砂进行输送,并采用振动筛对其进行粗细分级,从而完成钢砂的净化处理,达到清理废砂、废铁屑和循环使用成品砂的目的,取得了较好的经济效益和环境效益。     

微生物絮凝剂A3的培养条件及处理啤酒废水条件研究

从土壤中筛选出一株产微生物絮凝剂的菌株A3,利用均匀设计安排试验,用曲线拟和方法创建数学模型的方法研究了其产絮凝培养基条件,结果表明:葡萄糖添加量2.2%、酵母膏添加量0.51%、pH7.6、温度30.3℃时A3产絮凝剂条件最佳,数学模型为Y=-486.2+60.5X1-13.7X12+61.9X2-60.7X22+56X3-3.7X32+18.2X4-0.3X42,培养的动力学模型为:(C0-C)t/C0×100%=96.03-338.15/t。同时利用A3菌产絮凝剂对啤酒废水进行COD去除处理,结果显示:pH值为8、100mL废水中絮凝剂的添加量为1.5mL和1%CaCl2用量为2mL时,COD去除效果最佳。在最佳工艺条件下的COD去除率可达60%。并构建了相应的数学模型为:y=40.8+22.4e-(x-8)2/4.5;y=66.4-58.9/(1+(x/0.67)6.5)和y=67.4-56.5/(1+(x/0.68)4.86)。     

Assessing the impact of fungicide enostroburin application on bacterial community in wheat phyllosphere

Fungicides have been used extensively for controlling fungal pathogens of plants. However, little is known regarding the effects that fungicides upon the indigenous bacterial communities within the plant phyllosphere. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of fungicide enostroburin upon bacterial communities in wheat phyllosphere. Culture-independent methodologies of 16S rDNA clone library and 16S rDNA directed polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) were used for monitoring the change of bacterial community. The 16S rDNA clone library and PCR-DGGE analysis both confirmed the microbial community of wheat plant phyllosphere were predominantly of the γ-Proteobacteria phyla. Results from PCR-DGGE analysis indicated a significant change in bacterial community structure within the phyllosphere following fungicide enostroburin application. Bands sequenced within control cultures were predominantly of Pseudomonas genus, but those bands sequenced in the treated samples were predominantly strains of Pantoea genus and Pseudomonas genus. Of interest was the appearance of two DGGE bands following fungicide treatment, one of which had sequence similarities (98%) to Pantoea sp. which might be a competitor of plant pathogens. This study revealed the wheat phyllosphere bacterial community composition and a shift in the bacterial community following fungicide enostroburin application.     

Comparative study of microbial community structure in different filter media of constructed wetland

Comparisons of microbial community structure, in eight filter media of zeolites, anthracite, shale, vermiculite, ceramic filter media, gravel, steel slag and bio-ceramic, were undertaken by analyzing the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition. A total of 20 fatty acids in the range of C_(11) to C_(20) were determined but only 13 PLFAs were detected in steel slag. They consist of saturated fatty acids, branched fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The variation of fatty acids was revealed in the relative proportions of these fatty acids in different media. The aerobic prokaryotes were the predominant group in all media. The PLFA composition showed significant differences among the eight different media by Tukey's honestly test. It was found that steel slag was significantly different in the microbial community as compared to other filter media, probably due to its alkaline effluent. Steel slag alone is probably not a good choice of substratum in constructed wetlands. The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that zeolites, bio-ceramic, shale and vermiculite had a similar microbial community structure while steel slag and ceramic filter media were distinct from other media.     

生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选及产剂性能研究

从长期被汽油污染的土壤中,筛选出了一株表面活性剂产生菌BSZ-07,初步确定其为铜绿假单胞菌。通过正交试验,优化出了BSZ-07的最优产剂条件。BSZ-07在48h内可使发酵液的表面张力降至34.2mN/m,且乳化性能稳定,是一种较优良的生物表面活性剂产生菌。经FTIR分析及元素分析,初步确定其所产表面活性剂为鼠李糖脂。     

多级曝气-微生物制剂强化固定生物膜处理度假村综合废水

广州白天鹅从化培训中心污水处理工程采用了新型污水处理工艺-多级曝气-微生物制荆强化固定生物膜处理工艺,对该工艺的特点及设计体会进行了讨论。设计进水COD、BOD5、SS、NH3-N、TP、动植物油为450mg／L、300mg／L、250mg／L、30mg／L、5mg／L、100mg／L,出水为90mg／L、20mg／L、10mg／L、10mg／L、0．5mg／L、10mg／L,实际运行结果表明：主要出水指标COD、BOD,、SS、NH,-N、11P、动植物油的去除率分别可达到91．8％、91．1％、97．1％、72．6％、93．2％、94．4％。该工艺具有占地少、建设成本低、结构简单、施工容易、能耗低、噪声低、运行可靠、稳定达标、剩余污泥极少、运行成本底、维护简便等优点。