酶催化合成草浆木质素-对甲酚共聚物的研究

在反相微乳液体系 (十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 \正丁醇 \异辛烷 \水 )中 ,用辣根过氧化物酶催化合成木质素 对甲酚共聚物 ,证实了反应的可行性。红外光谱的结果表明 ,木质素与对甲酚发生了聚合反应 ,差示扫描量热分析的结果也表明 ,引入对甲酚改善了木质素的热性能 ,合成的共聚物最高分子量可达 189万     

Span80-Tween60/T154/煤油/H2SO4微乳液膜处理氨氮废水

研究了以Span80和Tween60为混合表面活性剂的微乳液膜的配方及其稳定性，通过Span80-Tween60/T154/煤油/H2SO4微乳液膜体系处理氨氮废水的研究，考察了表面活性剂的配比、T154的浓度、萃取时间、乳水比、外水相pH值、油相回用次数等因素对氨氮萃取率的影响。实验结果表明，当Span80和Tween60的质量比为4∶1，T154在煤油中的质量浓度为5％，萃取时间为15 min，乳水比为1∶14，外水相pH值为9时，氨氮一次性萃取率可到99.85％；该微乳液膜不仅稳定性好，对氨氮萃取率高，而且制乳、破乳容易，油相可重复使用。     

Thermal research on the uncontrolled behavior of styrene bulk polymerization

Thermal runaway can occur during the styrene bulk polymerization process because of easily formed local hotspots resulting from the high viscosity of reactants and the difficulty of heat dissipation. To obtain the thermal hazard characteristics, the polymerization behavior of styrene was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a scanning rate of β = 2 °C/min. Experimental results showed that the exothermic peaks obtained for heat initiation were different from those obtained when initiator was added. The exothermic peak changed from one to two after the initiator was added. The exothermic onset temperature (T₀) was also reduced. Phi-tech II was utilized to study the bulk polymerization of styrene in an adiabatic environment. The adiabatic temperature rise (ΔT_ad), starting temperature of uncontrolled polymerization (T_star), maximum temperature (T_end), and heat of polymerization (ΔH) under different conditions were acquired. When the dose of the additive was increased, the starting temperature of uncontrolled polymerization (T_star) decreased and the adiabatic temperature rise (ΔT_ad) increased gradually. Severity grading was performed based on the severity evaluation criteria of runaway reaction. The results can help designers decide whether it is necessary to take certain measures to reduce risk.     

Chemiluminescence in evaluating thermal oxidative stability of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers. IV. Comparative study of various stabilizers in mass polymerization and emulsion resins

The thermal oxidative stability of ionic and emulsion ABS with various antioxidants and UV stabilizers was studied. It was found that Santonox R provides better protection than Irganox 1076 to both resins. It is also the case in formulations with Tinuvin 770 and Tinuvin 328.     

氰化钠生产中聚合废料的利用

对氰化钠生产中的聚合废料进行了吸附试验和氰化钠含量分析，试验结果表明，聚合废料中含有２８％左右的氰化钠，其中黑褐色杂质可用活性炭吸附脱除。生产规模试验证明，用聚合废料为原料生产的硫氰酸钠，产品质量可达到装置设计指标，满足腈纶装置的使用要求。     

The basic properties of poly(lactic acid) produced by the direct condensation polymerization of lactic acid

Poly(lactic acids) with high molecular weights have been synthesized by direct condensation polymerization of lactic acid. These polymers have good mechanical properties and can be processed into products such as cups, film, and fiber, which can be used as compostable materials. This polymerization method can be applied to the synthesis of copolymers of lactic acid and other hydroxyacids. The properties of poly(lactic acid) and copolymers synthesized by the direct process are different from those of polymers obtained by the conventional lactide process.     

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Laccase Catalyzed Poly(Catechol)

Enzymatic polymerization of catechol was conducted batch-wise using laccase enzyme produced by the culture Trametes versicolor (ATCC 200801). The polymerization reaction was carried out in 1:1 (v/v) aqueous-acetone solution, buffered at pH 5.0 with sodium acetate (50 mM) in a sealed, temperature-controlled reactor at 25°C. The molecular weight of the produced polymer was determined with GPC. FT-IR, DSC, and TGA were employed to investigate the structure and thermal behavior of synthesized poly(catechol). It was found that catechol units were linked together with ether bonds and thermal stability of the catechol increased in the poly(catechol) polymeric structure effectively. The number average molecular weight of poly(catechol) was found as 813 ± 3 Da with a very narrow polydispersity value of 1.17 showing selective polymerization of catechol by the enzyme.     

具有特定拓扑结构的聚烯烃高分子的合成

具有特定拓扑结构的聚合物合成一直是高分子合成化学领域的一个重要研究内容，设计和合成具有特定拓扑结构的聚烯烃高分子更是进一步发掘聚烯烃这一量大面广的通用高分子材料的性能、开拓其新的应用领域的重要手段。在催化剂和聚合方法的研究取得重要进展的基础上，近年来国际上在合成不同拓扑结构（包括嵌段、接枝、梳型和星型）的聚烯烃高分子研究方面发展也较快，所合成的部分高分子亦显示出独特的功能性。本文首先综述不同拓扑结构聚烯烃高分子合成的研究现状，然后结合近期化学所在此领域的研究进展，提出独特的以苯乙烯封端反应性聚烯烃为模块构建拓扑结构聚烯烃的新思路。     

不同油相微乳液性质及其增溶菲的性能研究

以Tween 80为表面活性剂,正戊醇为助表面活性剂,3种不同的植物油（大豆油、棕仁油、葵花油）作为油相构建微乳相图,探究不同油相对微乳液性质的影响.制备了不同油相与表面活性剂质量比（O/S）的3种植物油基系列微乳液,并对比了它们对菲的增溶效果.结果表明,不同油相对微乳液的成相能力及稀释特性影响较大,其中棕仁油 > 葵花油 > 大豆油.3种油相微乳液在不同含水量下具有相似的电导率变化趋势且均为牛顿型流体.制备的3种植物油基系列微乳液对菲的增溶能力均随体系中油含量的增加而提高,其中大豆油基微乳液对菲的增溶效果最差,而棕仁油微乳液在O/S值为0.1时对菲的增溶效果最好,可达2.18g/L.     

应用CAMEO软件包预测聚合反应器丙烯泄漏影响范围

为了能够准确地预测聚合反应器发生泄漏时丙烯的扩散分布,提高应急救援工作效率,应用CAMEO软件包进行预测,通过该软件包中ALOHA、MARPLOT软件连用,解决了量化和图形显示问题。