微波脱硝煤基炭的选择与性能研究

采用微波辐照4种煤基炭进行脱硝性能的研究,从中选取一种最佳。分别考察了250 W微波功率和停留时间2.5 s条件下,4种未活化、硝酸氧化活化和Na OH活化煤基炭对NO的脱除率。考察了功率和停留时间对本实验最佳煤基炭脱硝性能的影响。采用工业分析、元素分析、BET对煤基炭进行了表面结构分析,采用FT-IR,SEM,XRD对微观结构进行了表征,结果表明:二号煤基炭在本实验中展现出最佳的脱硝性能,Na OH活化的煤基炭脱硝率高达98.56%;二号煤基炭的最佳脱硝功率和停留时间为250 W和2.5 s。     

沙尘媒质微波衰减特性研究*

目的研究沙尘媒质中微波衰减特性。方法根据随机媒质电磁波传播理论,给出了沙尘媒质中沿水平路径和沿地空路径的微波衰减和相移模型,与Sharief,Erdenekhuu和尹文言衰减模型计算结果进行比较和分析。结果衰减模型与Goldhirsh模型比较吻合,验证了其正确性。模型预测结果与Sharief模型结果一致。结论仿真结果验证了提出模型的有效性,模型计算方便,适用于不同频率。     

聚合氯化铝微波法修饰磁性碳纳米管对水中腐殖酸的去除

用化学共沉淀法制备磁性碳纳米管,然后以聚合氯化铝(PAC)通过微波法修饰得到磁性聚合氯化铝碳纳米管复合材料,并用以去除水中的腐殖酸(HA),对复合材料的组成与结构进行了表征,考察了不同微波制备条件下复合材料去除HA的效果,研究了吸附工艺中HA去除的影响因素,对复合材料同步去除HA和浊度的可行性进行了探讨。能谱、X-射线衍射及红外光谱分析表明,PAC和磁性物质Fe3O4、γ-Fe2O3成功负载于碳纳米管上。PAC修饰显著提高了磁性碳纳米管对HA的去除率。在微波功率600 W及微波时间6 min条件下得到的复合材料去除HA的效果最佳,去除率达99.15%。当HA初始质量浓度小于25 mg/L时,HA去除率较高,但高于25 mg/L后吸附量变化不大而去除率下降;HA去除率随材料投加量增大而增大,但大于0.5 g/L后基本不变;在酸性与中性条件下HA去除率较高,在碱性条件下急剧下降;对于初始质量浓度为20 mg/L的HA溶液,吸附前5 min的HA去除速率很快,90 min时达到吸附平衡,平衡吸附量为39.48 mg/g;温度对去除HA没有影响。控制适当的条件,可同步去除HA和浊度,去除率同步达95%以上。     

Synthesis of surface sulfated BiWO with enhanced photocatalytic performance

Sulfated BiWO (SBiWO) was synthesized by an impregnation method to enhance the visible-light-driven photoactivities of BiWO (BiWO). The characterization results verified that sulfate anion mainly anchored on the catalyst surface greatly extended the visible-light-responsive range without destroying the crystal lattice. Moreover, the SBiWO-based photoactivities were evaluated with the removal of Malachite Green (MG) under UV-Vis irradiation emitted from two microwave-powered electrodeless discharge lamps (MPEDL_-2) and under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The results demonstrated that the kinetic constant was increased 2.25 times, varying from 0.1478 (BiWO) to 0.3328 min^-1 (SBiWO-1). Similar results were also obtained for the visible light-driven reaction. Furthermore, radical scavengers such as t-butanol restricted the visible-light induced degradation of MG over BiWO and SBiWO-1. This indicated that the sulfating process increased the generation of reactive oxygen species, which was further verified by molecular probe with salicylic acid. Thus, more blue-shifting at λ = 618 nm was observed over SBiWO. On the basis of the above results, the photocatalytic mechanism over the sulfated catalyst was also discussed.     

微波辅助均相催化氧化处理吡虫啉农药废水

对微波辅助均相催化氧化处理吡虫啉农药废水进行了研究,通过考察H2O2投加量、均相催化剂Fe2＋浓度、微波辐照时间及功率、废水温度、废水pH值等因素对该农药废水COD处理效果的影响,获得了最佳工艺条件：即100ml初始COD浓度为268mg／L的农药废水,H202投加量为26．52g/L,均相催化剂Fe2＋浓度为109．8mg／L,在微波功率119W,辐射时间为4min,pH为6的条件下,COD去除率可达78．51％。     

球磨仪制样-微波消解-GFAAS法测定土壤中铅

建立了行星式球磨仪制样一微波消解一石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中铅的方法。标准曲线在0—10．01μg／L范围内线性良好,以称样0．5g、定容体积50ml计,方法检出限为0．10mg／kg,土壤样品测定的RSD〈4％,加标回收率为91．4％～102％。     

Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer prepared by microwave heating for confirmatory determination of chloramphenicol in chicken feed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) for chloramphenicol was prepared using a surface-imprinted and microwave-heating-induced polymerization method. The surfaces of the magnetic particles were first double-bond functionalized with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (γ-MPS), followed by the copolymerization of 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) in the presence of chloramphenicol as a template and 1,1-azobis(cyclohexane-carbonitrile) (ABCN) as an initiator in a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and water with microwave heating at 80°C. The magnetic polymer possesses supraparamagnetic properties and was used to concentrate and cleanup chicken feed extract, followed by chromatographic separation using a Lichrospher®100 RP C8 column and detection with two multi-reaction monitoring transitions at m/z 321→ 152 and m/z 321→ 257. The mean recoveries obtained at two spiking levels were in the range of 94.6–100% The relative intra- and inter-day standard deviations were in the range of 1.4–2.6% and 5.1–5.7%, respectively. The detection limit of the method was 0.12 µg kg^?1. This confirmatory method was successfully applied to determine chloramphenicol in chicken feed samples.     

微波辐照载甲苯活性炭再生研究

研究在微波辐照条件下,活性炭量、微波功率、载气量、加热时间等因素对载甲苯活性炭脱附的影响,在正交实验中,各个影响因素的重要性排序为:氮气流量、活性炭量、辐照时间、微波功率,最佳的操作工况为:活性炭量9 g、载气流量300 mL/min、辐照时间120 s、微波功率500W,活性炭的脱附率在99.74%.     

活性炭吸附-微波技术再生处理粘胶纤维废气的研究

针对粘胶纤维厂冷凝处理后的废气浓度低的特点,开发了吸附-微波再生处理技术.主要考察了吸附剂的种类、H2S和CS2进口浓度、湿度的影响,同时还对微波再生条件和效果进行了实验.结果表明,活性炭对二硫化碳的吸附效果较好;H2S和CS2进口浓度很低（Ci＜200 mg/m^3）时对吸附影响不明显;湿度对吸附影响很大.实验亦证实,微波再生后的活性炭性能有很大的改善.     

微波强化内电解处理活性艳红染料废水

提出了一种微波强化内电解处理染料废水的新方法，结果表明：微波不仅可以再生炭铁混合物，而且可以氧化分解活性炭吸附的染料；铁屑不仅与活性炭构成内电解作用，同时还可以促进微波再生活性炭；微波作用多次后炭铁混合物对废水的去除率仍能保持色度去除率99％、COD去除率64％；同时探讨了微波作用时间、微波作用次数、铁屑粒径、炭铁比例和pH值等因素对废水去除率的影响，并初步探讨了其反应机理。