Umbilical and uterine flow velocity waveforms in pregnancies complicated by major fetal anomalies

A continuous wave Doppler unit was used to obtain umbilical and uterine artery flow velocity waveforms in pregnancies complicated by a major fetal abnormality. A total of 139 examinations were performed on 32 women between 26 to 41 weeks' gestation, and the records were reviewed to determine the changes associated with fetal malformation. The systolic/diastolic (A/B) ratio was used as an index of blood flow resistance in the umbilical artery and the systolic minus diastolic divided by systolic (A–B)/A for the branches of the uterine artery. Seventeen out of 32 patients showed high systolic/diastolic ratio in waveforms taken from the umbilical artery. In 30 out of 32 patients the uterine artery waveform was normal (in two patients the results were equivocal). It appears that a fetal mechanism may determine the changes in the umbilical placental circulation resulting in an umbilical artery pattern of high flow resistance in more than half of the patients with congenital anomalies.     

疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水时空变化特征研究

以疏勒河流域中游绿洲为研究区,借助统计分析法、RS和GIS技术方法,选择1970、1980、1990、2000和2013年疏勒河中游绿洲Landsat TM/ETM影像解译成果作为中游绿洲生态演变研究的基础资料,分析得出各种生态系统覆盖状况.根据疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水特征,建立了基于天然植被、河流、湿地和防治耕地盐碱化的疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水定量化模型,并估算了不同时段不同区域流域中游绿洲生态环境需水量,探讨了疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水时空变化特征,从而为区域水资源合理配置和生态环境协调发展提供参考依据.通过计算得出了疏勒河中游绿洲1970、1980、1990、2000和2013年天然植被、河流基本生态、河流输沙、河流渗漏补给、水面蒸发、湿地生态和防治耕地盐碱化生态环境需水量,同时得出总生态环境需水量分别为17.94×108、7.51×108、6.92×108、6.63×108、5.52×108m3.1970—2013年疏勒河中游绿洲总生态环境需水量呈现逐渐减少趋势,减少了12.42×108m3.1970—2013年疏勒河中游绿洲总生态环境需水量空间变化特征呈现瓜州敦煌玉门,同时各区域生态环境需水量均呈现减少趋势.     

Post-natal investigations: management and prognosis for fetuses with CNS anomalies identified in utero excluding neurosurgical problems

The suspicion of an abnormality of the central nervous (CNS) system raises difficult questions for the clinician and the family and will inevitably lead to considerable anxiety. These questions include what it means for the child's future, whether it can be treated and whether it will happen again in subsequent pregnancies. For many disorders accurate prenatal diagnosis remains elusive, as even with fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), early recognition and characterisation are simply not possible because of the immature state of brain development at that stage of pregnancy. The natural history of many prenatally diagnosed CNS disorders remains to be elucidated which means that an accurate prognosis cannot be given in all cases. We review the current state of knowledge regarding the investigation, management and prognosis of the most common and important CNS malformations. We also discuss the post-natal management of these conditions both in the neonate and subsequent pregnancies for the families. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三峡工程对长江中游地下水动态和土壤潜育的影响

通过对长江中游四湖地区地下水动态观测数据分析得出，长江对沿岸平原地下水影响程度随距离增大而逐渐减弱。用遥感技术和实地调查，确定了潜育化、沼泽化土壤在四湖和沿庭湖地区分布以及潜在威胁面积。并依此分析了三峡工程对土壤潜育化沼泽化的影响。在大量调查和田间试验的基础上，提出了适用于当地的潜育化沼泽化土壤改良利用途径。