军用组合式集装箱联结器失效分析

简要介绍了军用组合式集装箱联结器常见的失效形式,分析了各种失效的原因.指出军用组合式集装箱联结器在设计、制造、使用中的任何一个环节的不当,都可能会造成其失效;军用组合式集装箱联结器的失效原因,涉及到从材料、加工、结构、受力、使用环境到相关零件分析的多个过程.给出了一些典型工程失效分析案例,提出了相应的预防改进措施.     

军队油料运输安全内涵和风险分析研究

运输环节是军队油料安全供应过程中的薄弱环节,且影响运输安全的原因复杂多变。通过对军队油料运输安全概念内涵的分析,找出了影响军队油料运输安全的主要因素,并结合风险评价矩阵的分析方法,对不安全因素影响程度进行了排序,指出了军队油料运输面临的主要风险,从而提出了应对其风险的主要对策与建议。     

Design for environment as a tool for the development of a sustainable supply chain

In this work, design for environment (DfE) methodologies have been used as a tool for the development of a more sustainable supply chain. In particular by combining life‐cycle assessment (LCA) techniques and by using the quality function deployment (QFD) multi‐criteria matrices, an ‘environmental compromise’ can be reached. In this work, the QFD matrices have been developed in a new way using an iterative process that involves the whole supply chain starting from the product life‐cycle, taking into consideration the machines that make the product and their components. This methodology is compatible with the requirements of the various stakeholders, suppliers, manufacturers and clients, involved in the supply chain. To assess the validity of the proposed approach a specific supply chain was studied concerning packaging systems for liquid food substances (beverage cartons). Firstly all the stages which are most critical from the environmental point of view in the supply chain of packaging systems were identified and assessed. The starting point for the analysis of environmental aspects and impacts which characterise the supply chain was LCA, which proved to be useful for the identification and the environmental assessment of the various stages in a packaging system. Through the use of ‘iterative QFD’ it is possible to arrive at a definition of the engineering characteristics of all the machinery which is involved in the supply chain. In particular in this work the authors have tried to identify the critical points in the design of those machines which either make the beverage cartons or are involved in the filling process.     

Effect of heavy metal contaminated shooting range soils on mycorrhizal colonization of roots and metal uptake by leek

We grew leek (Allium porrum) in soils of two shooting ranges heavily contaminated with heavy metals in the towns of Zuchwil and Oberuzwil in Switzerland as a bioassay to test theactivity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in these soils.Soil samples were taken from (1) front of the shooting house(HOUSE), (2) the area between house and target (FIELD) and (3) the berm (BACKSTOP). Samples of Ribwort plantain (Plantagolanceolata) growing naturally within the shooting ranges werealso collected and the colonization of its roots by mycorrhizalfungi was measured. The number of AM spores in the soils wassignificantly reduced concomitant with the increase in thedegree of soil contamination with metals. In Zuchwil,mycorrhizal fungi equally colonized roots of Ribwort plantainsampled from BACKSTOP and HOUSE. In Oberuzwil, however, plantsfrom BACKSTOP had lower colonization when compared with thosesampled from HOUSE. Colonization of leek was strongly reducedin the BACKSTOP soil of Zuchwil and slightly reduced in theBACKSTOP soil of Oberuzwil when compared with plants grown inrespective HOUSE soil. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb andZn in the leaves of leek grown in the BACKSTOP soil was withinthe range considered toxic for human consumption. This pointsto the high degree of bio-availability of these metal in thesesoils. Significant decrease in the number of mycorrhizal sporesin the BACKSTOP soils in Zuchwil and the low colonization ofleek roots grown in these soils point to possible changes inthe species diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in these soils.     

军用飞机外场腐蚀防护方法研究

介绍了美国空军装备的腐蚀防护概况,阐明了军用飞机外场腐蚀维护的重要性,结合飞机外场使用维护的实际情况,阐述了外场腐蚀预防控制、监控、补救和防腐改进措施的主要内容,提出了我军飞机外场腐蚀防护与修理的基本方法、流程和具体要求.     

浅析我国军工产品低气压（高度）试验方法标准

介绍了低气压环境对军工产品的影响。针对目前主要适用于考核军工产品对低气压环境适应能力的我国现行有效标准GJB150．2A-2009与HB5830．14-1996进行探讨,简要分析了两个标准的性质、试验目的、应用范围、试验程序与条件、试验过程控制以及试验中断处理要求等方面的差别,对两个标准的分析理解内容可为相关技术人员在制定军工产品的低气压（高度）环境试验方案和实施大纲时提供有益的参考。     

美、日武器装备环境试验设施

介绍了美军三大自然环境试验中心、海军武器试验基地、麦金利气候实验室和日军5个环境试验站的试验设施、试验能力,同时概述了美、日军用环境试验标准的发展历史及现状。     

海洋环境下军用飞机腐蚀及其系统控制工程

阐述了海洋环境下军用飞机的腐蚀特点及其原因,详细论述了军机腐蚀控制是一个涉及到飞机方案论证、设计、生产制造、维护与维修等诸多环节的系统工程性问题,而不仅仅是在维护与维修阶段对腐蚀的排除和简单的防锈问题。为此,要求针对不同环节开展相关试验,制定相应科学合理的指导性文件和规范,并加以认真贯彻和履行,同时还需要使用和维修部门及时向设计与生产部门反馈维护维修中发现的不合理的腐蚀控制设计细节,不断完善腐蚀控制的指导性文件和规范,全面提升海洋环境下军机腐蚀防护与控制水平。     

军用车辆自然环境区划研究

根据自然环境条件对军用车辆影响和我国自然环境特点,探讨了我国军用车辆自然环境区域的划分方法。通过对各典型严酷自然环境地区的特点、现象及对车辆性能影响研究,分析并确定了各典型严酷自然环境地区的原则和划分标准;利用“主导环境因素”、“地区特征值”和“区划指标”等新概念,将我国军用车辆使用地区划分成严寒、湿热、高原、沙漠、近海5类地区的区划方案。     

军事电子装备的三防设计

作为军事电子装备研制任务的重要组成部分,三防设计的目的就是赋予装备优异的整机防护性能以适应各种恶劣环境。文中从合理选用耐蚀金属材料、非金属材料;合理的结构整体热设计、合理的焊缝结构、适宜涂镀的表面结构形式、防止电偶腐蚀的结构形式等;合理的工艺防护措施,如表面处理、灌封处理、绝缘处理、防霉处理、包装防护等;以及密封、通风、除湿、遮蔽等方式控制环境4个方面阐述了军事电子装备三防设计的具体方法,最后对我国军事电子装备研制体制提出了看法。