矿山企业安全管理交互式模糊综合评价决策支持系统设计

安全管理是企业管理的重要组成部分，是实现安全生产的有力保证。决策支持系统是实现安全管理定性与定量分析有机结台的有效手段。从建立实用的安全管理信息系统的角度出发，详细论述了系统分析与系统设计的思想、方法、内容和步骤，阐述了开发矿山企业安全管理交互式模糊综合评价决策支持系统（SMDSS）的意义，介绍了SMDSS的基本结构和基本功能，描述了SMDSS的综合评价机理，并给出了SMDSS的人机交互式评价过程。     

煤矿区破坏土地复垦模式研究——以鹤岗市益新煤矿为例

以益新煤矿为例,针对矿区拟破坏的土地,综合考虑研究区自然、社会经济条件、政策法规、公众意愿、土地适宜性等因素,对比已复垦土地的利用方向,参照其他矿业城市采煤塌陷地的复垦利用模式,提出适合于研究区域的土地复垦模式,主要包括农用生态园模式、建设用地模式、矿山公园模式.     

略论我国矿山安全法律制度的完善

矿山安全是采矿工业乃至国民经济可持续发展的重要组成部分．矿山安全对发展地区经济和保持社会稳定都具有重要意义。然而．随着矿产资源开发强度的不断加大．矿山安全法律制度建设相对于矿山开发来说却相对严重滞后，以致矿山生产环境不断恶化．矿山安全事故频发。因此．在对我国矿山安全问题及其成因进行法律经济分析的前提下．找出我国矿山安全立法的问题与不足。并在与美国矿山安全立法进行差异比较的基础上，对我国矿山安全立法的完善进行有益的思考和探索．具有十分重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

China's small coal mine policy in the 2000s: A case study of trusteeship and consolidation

China has been trying to improve the safety and environmental performances of small coal mines (SCMs) in 2000s through measures of trusteeship and consolidation. The question whether such policy and practice can sustain small scale mining is interesting academically and important practically for China and the world. This paper finds that the Chinese SCM policy has been switched from encouragement to restriction for legal SCMs and from privatization to nationalization in some provinces in the past 10 years. Legal SCMs face pressure to be expanded continuously and to be absorbed or consolidated by large coal mines, which often are state owned. Unexpectedly, financial resources may not be a big constraint nowadays due to availability of private equity investment resources. The paper argues that both the trusteeship and consolidation approaches may only be able to sustain SCMs in the short run. A more sustainable measure is to establish a stable, transparent and inclusive legal and fiscal framework. This paper concludes that those trusteeship approaches may be applicable to restructuring small scale mines in other countries; however, the consolidation practice in China's is unique and thus may not be applicable to others.     

职业健康监护分析在某金矿职业病危害预评价中的应用

在职业病危害预评价中职业健康监护分析的目的是发现易感人群,预测项目建成后可能发生的职业病情况.以某金矿职业病危害预评价为例,对类比工程、调研数据以及文献数据中的职业健康监护资料进行了分析,发现凿岩工是白指病、噪声聋、尘肺病三种职业病的易感人群,远远高出其他工种,是本项目职业病危害防护的重点;而采矿场破碎、运输工罹患尘肺病的可能性较大,矿运车司机可能会产生腰椎骨质增生和椎间盘突出,结合职业健康监护分析结果提出了有针对性的职业病危害补充控制措施,避免项目建成后职业病的发生.     

深孔预裂爆破弱化煤层夹矸技术的应用

山东华恒矿业集团矿井以薄煤层为主,且煤层内含坚硬的硫化铁结核,使得现代化机械设备和新工艺无法正常工作.通过采用超前深孔预裂爆破的技术,对该集团41305东工作面的夹矸层进行弱化,介绍了爆破的操作流程、装药工艺以及爆破的基本参数,采用在长壁工作面内打钻爆破的方法,达到最大程度的粉碎夹矸,从而确保采煤机的顺利工作,提高采煤效率.     

Social licences to operate: for better not for worse; for richer not for poorer? The impacts of unplanned mining closure for “fence line” residential communities

Establishing “social licences to operate” with communities has become a significant corporate social responsibility agenda. The complex dynamics of these relationships can compound the impacts for communities when these contracts are not upheld. This article documents reflections from a rapid rural appraisal conducted in the Shire of Ravensthorpe in remote Western Australia after the Ravensthorpe Nickel Operation was “mothballed” 9 months into a projected 25-year lifespan. It captures how communication about the project and its time frames created a sense of consistency, predictability, certainty and trust – enabling social licence. The raising of hope and the emergence of mistrust underpin social, environmental and financial impacts of this event for the local community. Embedded in the theoretical dimensions of social licences, this case study highlights the problematic of social licences that engage with non-contractual stakeholders as partners in “booms” but have no legal responsibility towards them in times of “bust”.     

大宝山铜铁矿区水体重金属污染评价

以公里网格方式在大宝山矿区水系采集水样品60件,进行分析测试,得出了该研究区内Cr、Cd、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Sb、Hg、Pb共10种重金属元素的分布特征。其中污染最严重是Cd,其次是Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni、Hg。由元素的浓集中心分布分析得出,污染源主要是矿坑土、尾矿坝、废石堆和民采点。     

Geochemical and biological controls on trace metal transport in an acid mine impacted watershed

Water samples collected in an acid mine impacted watershed indicated that the concentrations of dissolved trace metals were diurnally influenced by mineral saturation, which is controlled primarily by pH and water temperature. Measurements taken suggested that these variations only occur at sample locations immediately downstream from the confluence of acidic and alkaline waters. It is at these locations where initial mineral precipitation occurred and where subtle changes in solubility were most affected, increasing trace metal removal when both the rate of photosynthesis (influencing pH in headwaters) and water temperature were at a maximum. The role of iron photoreduction (increased midday production of ferrous iron) on overall Cu, Mn, and Zn transport was also evaluated, but found to be inconclusive. Iron photoreduction may however influence adsorption and/or coprecipitation of trace metals through associated changes in oxidation state, solubility, and mineralogy of various iron colloids, which are produced upon the neutralization of acidic, metal enriched water. Furthermore, measured values of copper and zinc were compared to relative USEPA chronic criterion for exposure to continuous concentration (CCC) of metals by the calculation of a “toxicity unit” (TU). It was found that average values of both copper and zinc only exceeded the CCC (TU>1) in the acid mine-impacted Leona Creek. In general, zinc toxicity decreased while copper toxicity increased downstream of the confluence of the mine impacted Leona Creek and background Lion Creek (sampled at Lake Aliso), indicating a significant source of zinc in upstream, non mine-impacted samples.