海河流域水生态功能一级二级分区

水生态功能分区是实现流域水环境"分区、分级、分期和分类"管理的基础.通过分析海河流域的陆地和水生态系统特点,确定了一级二级分区的指标体系,一级分区指标包括地貌类型、径流深、年降水量、年蒸发量,反映水资源供给功能的空间格局特征,共划分了6个一级水生态功能区;二级分区利用植被类型和土壤类型的空间异质性,反映流域生态水文过程及水质净化功能的空间格局特征,共划分了16个二级水生态功能区.最后,通过野外调查各个分区的水生态系统结构和生境差异性(水量、水质、河流生境、水生动植物等),对一级和二级分区结果进行了评价.分区结果能够为海河流域的水质目标管理和区域生态环境建设提供支持,分区方法和指标体系也可以为国内其它类似流域的水生态功能分区提供参考.     

复合调质提高CaO固硫率的试验研究

对ＣａＯ 经乙醇调质后的固硫特性进行了试验研究，详细研究了水合温度、乙醇／Ｈ２Ｏ 配比等因素对ＣａＯ 固硫率的影响并作了理论分析，探讨了调质过程的机理．提出了在乙醇调质ＣａＯ 后再添加少量金属化合物的方法，发现在１１００℃高温下仍可达７０ ％ 的固硫率．     

移动通信基站电磁辐射环境保护与评价浅析

通过对移动通信基站天线的电磁辐射分析和探讨,归纳了移动通信基站建设在施工期、营运期环境保护工作的重点与措施,对电磁环境影响评价制度与方法进行了系统的描述,并指出了今后的工作方向。     

武威绿洲农业水足迹变化及其驱动机制研究

农业活动通过改变绿洲赖以生存的水生态系统而影响着绿洲的稳定性。1950-2007年武威绿洲农业水足迹上涨了近7倍,而农业水足迹效率仅提高1.75倍;粮食作物水足迹比例过大,57 a间平均达74.32%,其中,2002年以前粮食作物水足迹比例呈下降趋势,但在2002年达到最低点58.63%之后开始出现反弹。人口增长和人民生活需求所驱动的以粮食生产为主体的农业规模扩大和农业开发强度加大,是农业水足迹增长的主要原因。适当压缩农业规模,加快农业内部结构调整,加大政府对农业节水灌溉工程的投入和农业节水技术的推广,是控制武威绿洲农业水足迹增长过快,维护绿洲生态系统稳定的有效方式。     

海南省旅游地评价及其开发研究

旅游地资源评价和开发研究，是进行旅游开发宏观决策，确定对应的旅游活动类型和接待规模，指导旅游市场开发与景区、景点设计时一项重要的基础研究工作。本文以海南省为例，对旅游地资源的评价制图和旅游开发用地预测方法，进行了有益的探讨。     

盐城海岸湿地资源环境压力与生态调控响应

江苏盐城海岸湿地拥有以保护丹顶鹤和麋鹿为特色的两个国家级自然保护区。然而强烈的人类活动贯穿于海岸湿地发育的每一个阶段,包括湿地围垦、资源酷取滥采以及环境污染等,使得该区资源环境面临的压力不断增大。通过对其资源环境特征、人口经济发展压力、湿地不合理开发利用压力以及水资源污染压力的分析,进而利用生态调控设计相应的政策措施响应方案,包括生态规划与设计---科学的生态功能区划,调整若干原缓冲区中生物多样性热点区为核心区;生态工程---生境更新与调整,建立人工湿地生态工程、芦苇生态工程、生态旅游等生态示范区;生态系统管理与能力建设---社区共管,与周围社区居民建立有效的伙伴关系。     

大气污染总量控制规划专家系统中知识库子系统的研究

论述了大气污染总量控制规划专家系统（ＥＡＳＰＴＥＣＥＰ）中知识库的基本设计思想,知识库分为无级知识库和领域级知识库,元级知识库由类文件和元规则文件构成,领域级知识库则文件和参量文件构成,并在此基础上阐述了ＥＳＡＰＴＥＣＰ中知识库演绎推理系统,知识库解释系统,知识库管理系统等的设计与实现方法。     

Critical review of Integrated Water Resources Management: Moving beyond polarised discourse

Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) emerged as a popular concept in the water sector in the 20th century. From a highly techno-centric approach in the past, it has taken a new turn embracing Habermasian communicative rationality as a place-based nexus for multiple actors to consensually and communicatively integrate decisions in a hydrological unit. The 'how to integrate' approach had remarkable appeal worldwide in promoting authentic participation of all stakeholders. However, critics argue that the domain of water resource management is a political process of contestation and negotiation; the emphasis is on complexities, contextuality, power dynamics and the importance of analysing real world situations. They demonstrate 'how integration cannot be achieved' given the power dynamics in social interactions. These apparently contradictory discourses draw on different theoretical paradigms and polarise the discourse on IWRM, without offering constructive alternatives. To this end, this paper offers an option to complement this polarised discourse by examining 'how integration actually does take place' in a strategic context thereby facilitating consensual decisions to integrate water management for a sustainable future.     

Water saving effect on integrated water resource management

This study proposes an improved integrated water resource management (IWRM), in which water conservation was analyzed for the entire water use process. A multi-objective optimization method was applied to optimize the IWRM, which investigated the reduction of freshwater consumption and the total water supply cost. Customer's preference for saving water and an end use analysis (EUA) was applied in the water conservation analysis. Taking Tianjin as the study area, a reduction in customer's economic pressure (EP) was utilized to evaluate the degree of the customer's preference for saving water. The results revealed that agriculture had a greater preference for saving water than other sectors, where as the public had the weakest motivation for saving water. Improving the transportation method could contribute 62.1% of the total water savings in the agriculture sector. The optimization of the IWRM demonstrated that the local freshwater savings would be 21.5%, and the total cost for water supplies would decrease by 13%. However, a government subsidy of 87.5 million Yuan would be needed. Additionally, by analyzing the change in the amount of water savings affected by water price, the appropriate water price increase range was suggested to be 1.5–1.7 times the original price.     

黑水河下游鱼类资源现状及其保护措施

为了解白鹤滩蓄水运行前黑水河下游鱼类资源的现状、受到的主要威胁及其保护措施,于2014年1~12月在黑水河下游干支流江段采用电捕法进行了渔获物调查。结果显示:12个月共调查发现鱼类28种,隶属于3目8科23属,其中喜流水生境、产粘沉性卵、以着生藻类或/和底栖动物为食物的鱼类种类较多;调查区域鱼类个体规格普遍较小,其中齐口裂腹鱼Schizothorax prenanti、短体副鳅Paracobitis potanini、红尾副鳅Paracobitis varigatus、短须裂腹鱼Schizothorax wangchiachii、前鳍高原鳅Triplophysa anterodorsalis、中华纹胸鮡Glyptothorax sinense和凹尾拟鲿Pseudobagrus emarginatus为调查区域的主要经济鱼类;上半年和下半年的渔获物结构在统计学上差异显著(R=0.81,p=0.1%0.05),鱼类在金沙江干流和黑水河下游之间的相互迁徙比较明显;CPUE呈现先波动下降然后逐月上升的趋势,其中10月份的CPUE最低;丰度生物量比较曲线显示2014年各月的渔获物结构均处于严重干扰状态。黑水河下游河道采砂以及过度捕捞是白鹤滩蓄水前影响黑水河下游鱼类资源的主要因素,建议通过控制采砂的江段、采砂的时间以及全面禁捕保护该区域的鱼类资源。