实现第二次创业的战略选择

苏州市各类开发区和经济小区的崛起，使环境与经济两全其美可以实现。开发区吸引外资、吸纳人才、上水平的内在需求，有效提高生存质量的要求和接轨国际、实现跨世纪战略目标的选择，使人们明确开发建设与保护环境必须协调。苏州市正从科学规划、规范立法、合理开发和系统管理诸方面构建新的发展策略。     

煤矿开采对地下水环境的影响分析

煤炭开采工程应该把水文地质勘察工作与前期地质勘探工作结合进行,以查明基本的水文地质条件与相关参数;工程对地下水环境的影响应该按照煤矿类型、评价工作等级、保护目标、评价重点(水质、水量)进行分类确定,并根据相关分类,荻取相关参数选用不同的方法进行评价.     

合金钢旋压塑流变形稳定性试验研究

中碳合金钢退火状态可旋性良好,累计变薄率为80%,未见裂纹出现。强力旋压属局部连续塑性成形工艺,很适宜大直径筒形件塑性成形。变薄旋压中碳合金钢筒形件,与卷焊成形相比,可强化组织性能,降低筒体重量,提高使用效果。试验旨在探讨中碳合金钢筒形件旋压成形的稳定性,通过变形区三向接触面积塑流试验研究,筒体变形体积与力能的分析,以及优化工艺参数和确定合理工艺过程,旋出了高精度筒形件,同时进行了批量旋压生产。     

Landscape eco-environmental research on littoral zone in China

Littoral zone is a special land/ landscape type. As an important kind of land resource in support, the use of littoral zone is vital to eastern coastal areas in China. And the research on littoral zone relates to the key theory of landscape ecology. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, the littoral zone was divided into four types: mud flat, sand beach, bench, and biological flat. The distribution of each type in China is pointed out. As a typical open system, littoral zone has six landscape ecological characteristics: (l) high sensitivity to disturbance; (2) distinct edge effect; (3) spatial aggregation of natural resources; (4) frequently spatial oscillation; (5) obviously spatial heterogeneity; and (6) noticeably spatial differentiation. Some proposals are also put forward on the land use and development of littoral zone for environmental protection and environmental mana qement.     

~(60)Co、~(85)Sr和~(134)Cs在非饱和黄土中迁移特征研究

经过2年的野外核素示踪试验、实验室柱试验、批实验以及数值模拟，获得^60Co、^85Sr和^134Cs在非饱和黄土中迁移特征如下：（1）非饱和黄土上述核素具有很强的吸附作用，经2年的试验，^85Sr的浓度峰位在天然条件下迁移不到2cm，喷淋条件下迁移13cm；^60Co和^134Cs在天然和喷淋条件下迁移甚微。（2）^85Sr在喷淋条件下迁移出现两个浓度峰。（3）^60Co、^85Sr和^134Cs迁移“快成份”在环境的安全评价中不容忽视。（4）在含水量和入渗水量很低时，扩散对核素迁移起主导作用。(5)水入渗量对^85Sr迁移速度和横向扩散无明显影响。（6）静态法测定的Kd值比野外求得的值大。（7）核素在非饱和黄土中的延迟系数Rd不是常数。     

开发区环境影响评价中产业结构、工业布局问题探讨

通过对各工业行业污染源调查数据分析，讨论了各行业污染轻重及特征，以及各行业内部的产业结构及污染情况，提出促进开发区的经济可持续发展和产业链循环经济发展的措施。     

Environmental problems in a coal mining area affected by coal fires ——A case study in Ruqigou Coalfield, Ningxia, China

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｆｏｒｐｏｗｅｒｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ，ｃｏａｌｍｉｎｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｉｓｓｔｉｌｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｗｉｔｈｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｅｃｏｎｏｍ...     

斗笠山煤矿区地质构造与岩溶塌陷分布的关系研究

湘中地区分布许多含煤向斜盆地,煤田开采过程中由于突水及疏排地下水引起岩溶塌陷,产生了一系列环境地质问题。斗笠山矿区为一不规则的三角形复式向斜汇水盆地,水文地质务件复杂,本区构成了五个塌陷带。文章对五个塌陷带的地质构造进行了研究,早二叠世末期的东吴运动,在区内对古岩溶的控制十分明显。地质构造复杂地段,往往是岩溶异常发育地带。斗笠山向斜西南翼处于斗笠山向斜转折端,岩溶塌陷发育,斗笠山煤矿泉塘一带,既是多条断裂交汇处,又是次级背斜轴部和倾伏端,密集的构造使岩层破碎和裂隙发育,岩溶塌陷发育强烈。     

Element cycling in the dominant plant community in the Alpine tundra zone of Changbai Mountains, China

Element cycling in the dominant plant communities including Rh. aureum, Rh. redowskianum and Vaccinium uliginosum in the Alpine tundra zone of Changbai Mountains in northeast China was studied. The results indicate that the amount of elements from litter decomposition was less than that of the plant uptake from soil, but that from plant uptake was higher than that in soil with mineralization process released. On the other hand, in the open system including precipitation input and soil leaching output, because of great number of elements from precipitation into the open system, the element cycling(except N, P) in the Alpine tundra ecosystem was in a dynamic balance. In this study, it was also found that different organ of plants had significant difference in accumulating elements. Ca, Mg, P and N were accumulated more obviously in leaves, while Fe was in roots. The degree of concentration of elements in different tissues of the same organ of the plants also was different, a higher concentration of Ca, Mg, P and N in mesophyll than in nerve but Fe was in a reversed order. The phenomenon indicates ( 1 ) a variety of biochemical functions of different elements, (2) the elements in mesophyll were with a shorter turnover period than those in nerve or fibre, but higher utilization rate for plant. Therefore, this study implies the significance of keeping element dynamic balance in the alpine tundra ecosystem of Changbai Mountains.     

遥感解译分析矿山开发对生态环境的影响

本文利用美国陆地资源卫星提供的TM，遥感信息，解译分析了鞍山市矿产开发对生态环境的影响。结果表明：鞍山市矿山生态严重破坏区域总面积6454．27hm^2。在此基础上提出了矿山生态重建对策及建议。