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341.
李三练 《防灾科技学院学报》2009,11(4):96-101
群测群防的根本含义是群众性的测报和群众性的防御,它是我国防震减灾工作中的一项群众性基础工作,具有重要的历史地位,发挥着重要的现实作用。自其诞生以来,大至经历了起步—高潮—调整—复兴四个发展阶段。在新时期复兴群测群防,应以"三网一员"建设为基础,以群众性防御为重点,拓展思路,创新模式,强化制度建设和组织管理。 相似文献
342.
In response to increasingly frequent and severe flooding events, tracking the explanatory elements of integrative planning effort can provide useful assessment of initiatives that foster improved community disaster resiliency. In this research, we address the effect of local hazard mitigation plan quality on mitigating disaster risk with an emphasis on the relationship between plan quality and community resilience. Using content analysis and principles of plan quality metrics, we evaluate local hazard mitigation plans to determine how well they support disaster risk reduction. Analytically, these metrics and relevant controls were incorporated into both a log-linear two-stage least squares model and a quantile regression model to explain flood loss at the county level for the US Mississippi River Basin. Findings suggest that better plan quality and high levels of community resilience result in reducing disaster losses. 相似文献
343.
Shuo Wei Lei Du Shuo Chen Hongtao Yu Xie Quan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(1):11
344.
发达国家碳捕集、利用与封存技术及其启示 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)被认为是进行温室气体深度减排最重要的技术路径之一。文章总结了当前欧美等发达国家CCUS技术发展特点,包括加强国家层面技术政策的指导和宏观协调;加大政府投入以引导私有投资开展全流程CCUS项目示范;建立跨行业、跨领域的CCUS合作平台,加速技术成果的转化和知识、经验的共享;重视法律法规、管理制度和规范、技术标准、公众接受度等技术应用"软环境"的建设等。通过对比中国CCUS技术发展现状,指出我国存在的主要不足,并提出应加强国家层面的技术政策指导和宏观协调,推动建设行业间技术合作平台,适时启动全流程示范项目计划,重视技术应用软环境建设和加强国际合作等有针对性的政策建议。 相似文献
345.
Sara Kristine Gløjmar Berthou Betina Vind Ebbesen 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(3):501-517
This paper is concerned with the ways in which Danish municipalities seek to mitigate climate change through a range of governance strategies. Through the analysis of ten municipal climate plans using the framework of Mitchell Dean, as well as extensive ethnographic fieldwork in two municipalities, this paper explores how local climate change mitigation is shaped by particular rationalities and technologies of government, and thus seeks to illustrate how the strategies set out in the plans construe climate change mitigation from a certain perspective, thereby rendering some solutions more likely than others and recasting citizens as passive consumers who are to be guided to consume in more climate-friendly ways in the process. 相似文献
346.
Offshore wind energy development (OWED) is being pursued as a critical component in achieving a low-carbon energy economy. While the potential generating capacity is high, the cumulative effects of expansion of OWED on wildlife remain unclear. Since environmental regulations in many countries require analysis of the cumulative adverse effects (CAE) during permitting processes, this paper reviews the state of knowledge on CAE of OWED on wildlife. We synthesize ecological research on the effects of OWED on wildlife; delineate a framework for determining the scope of CAE assessments; describe approaches to avoiding, minimizing and compensating for CAE; and discuss critical uncertainties. 相似文献
347.
The impacts of production disruption in Remanufacturing/Manufacturing (R/M) integrated supply chain on the sales and the methods of production disruption management were studied. A system dynamics model for the R/M integrated supply chain with production disruption was improved by system dynamics methodology. The numerical examples were shown to illustrate the simulation results. The impacts of different recovery times of production disruption on the sales were presented. In order to mitigate the disruption risks and ensure the sales at the needed sales ratio, the methods for setting multi-echelon inventory levels before the occurring of the production disruption and the methods for making back-up plans after the production disruption occurs were given. 相似文献
348.
The present paper analyses and compares how federalism in Austria and Switzerland affected climate change mitigation in the fully decentralized building sectors of the two countries during the Kyoto Period (1990–2012). This is of interest because the environmental significance of federal political systems is still contested. We first review the literature on federalism in the context of environmental and climate policymaking, and we show that the effects of federal political systems can be positive or negative (depending on interactions between politics and problem characteristics). We then summarize the two qualitative country studies. By analysing who initiated and coordinated respective policies at what time and why, we show that respective policy changes neither emerged bottom-up nor diffused between provinces/cantons, although the latter are fully responsible for building policies. While most policy changes were triggered by federal and/or European Union interventions, the provinces/cantons usually delayed and/or watered down policy changes to smallest common denominator solutions. Based on these findings we conclude that the building sectors of the two countries became more efficient despite, not because of federalism. Against this background we recommend centralizing building policies, or to engage sub-national actors in national target-setting early on. 相似文献
349.
利用城镇地籍数据信息,基于GIS软件进行建筑物易损性和居民安全风险分析与应用研究。通过对某县城中最具代表性的一个街坊建筑物的易损性分析和居民安全风险分析实例应用研究,重点讨论并实现了利用现有数字化地籍图、城镇地籍数据库及土地调查记录等信息;并结合建筑物震害损失评估模型和人员伤亡预测方法,完成不同结构类型的建筑物在不同地震烈度条件下的破坏造成的经济损失评估和人员伤亡程度的预测,对城市防灾减灾进行辅助决策支持与评估。 相似文献
350.
洪水灾害风险评价研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
洪水灾害是当今世界最严重的自然灾害之一,带来了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。洪水灾害风险评价是科学有效地防洪减灾的前提和基础。文章对洪水灾害风险相关概念进行了界定,从气象、水文水力、社会经济、遥感与GIS和土地利用5个方面对洪水灾害风险评价的常用方法进行了评述,并列出了常用的评价因子。最后指出了未来研究的可能发展方向。 相似文献