长江口潮滩表层沉积物中碱性磷酸酶活性及其影响因素

以长江口潮滩作为研究区域,对表层沉积物中碱性磷酸酶活性、解磷微生物量、磷组分及理化性质的时空分布特征进行了分析.结果表明,长江口潮滩湿地沉积物中碱性磷酸酶活性具有显著的季节性、区域性差异,冬季（1月）碱性磷酸酶活性较低,介于0.65～1.59μg.g-.1h-1之间;夏季（8、9月份）最高,变化范围为1.80～5.64...     

超声波-缺氧/好氧消化过程污泥EPS、酶活性及菌落数的变化研究

为研究超声波促进污泥缺氧/好氧消化的机理,采用最佳超声波参数（超声频率28kHz,超声密度0.1W.mL-1,超声时间15min,超声间隔时间12h）与缺氧/好氧消化衔接进行间歇试验,研究了消化过程中污泥胞外聚合物（EPS）组分（蛋白质、多糖、DNA）和相应溶出物占总量的比例,以及酶活性（蛋白酶,脱氢酶）和菌落数的变化...     

小型垃圾转运站渗滤液特性及其对城市水环境的影响

对两个城市的小型垃圾转运站现状进行了分析,并对其渗滤液产生量及渗滤液性质进行了监测。结果表明:小型垃圾转运站转运量小、分布密集;深圳垃圾转运站产生的混合污水并入城市污水管网,常州的小型垃圾转运站,产生的渗滤液及冲洗废水50%直接排入了河道;转运站排放的混合污水,除汞外,其他指标远超GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》及CJ 3082-1999《污水排入城市下水道水质标准》,小型垃圾转运站排放的污染物中,以COD负荷最高,其次是BOD5。大量的有机物排入城市污水厂,对污水厂的正常运行造成冲击,如果直接排入水体,更加速了水体的污染,因此,常州市城市排水系统优化改造及垃圾转运站的截污、治理势在必行。     

湖南某地采铀试验工程废水处理工艺设计

通过分析湖南境内某铀矿原地爆破浸出、地表堆浸采铀试验工程工艺流程以及该工程产生的废水源强及性质,介绍了BaCl2-Ca(OH)2中和沉淀法对该股废水处理的可行性及达到的效果。     

Isolation and characterization of facultative mixotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria from constructed wetlands

Autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have been widely studied in constructed wetlands systems, while mixotrophic AOB have been less thoroughly examined. Heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from wastewater and rhizospheres of macrophytes of constructed wetlands, and then cultivated in a mixotrophic medium containing ammonium and acetic acid. A molecular characterization was accomplished using ITS-PCR amplification, and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Results showed the presence of 35 bacteria, among 400 initially heterotrophic isolates, that were able to remove ammonia. These 35 isolates were classified into 10 genetically different groups based on ITS pattern. Then, a collection of 10 isolates were selected because of their relatively high ammonia removal efficiencies (ARE ≥ 80%) and their phylogenetic diversity. In conditions of mixotrophy, these strains were shown to be able to grow (increase of optical density OD₆₆₀ during incubation with assimilation of nitrogen into cellular biomass) and to oxidize ammonia (important ammonia oxidation efficiencies, AOE between 79% and 87%). Among these facultative mixotrophic AOB, four isolates were genetically related to Firmicutes (Bacillus and Exiguobacterium), three isolates were affiliated to Actinobacteria (Arthrobacter) and three other isolates were associated with Proteobacteria (Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum and Bordetella).     

Autotrophic denitrification for nitrate and nitrite removal using sulfur-limestone

In the study, both nitrate and nitrite could be removed effectively using sulfur-limestone, and the bacteria involved in sulfur-based denitrification for nitrate and nitrite removal were of the same species.     

沼气伴热研究进展

介绍了温度对厌氧发酵过程的影响,综述了解决低温发酵问题的各种措施,包括加热沼气池、优选低温菌种、添加促进剂以及改善发酵工艺,提出驯化低温发酵菌种是将来的主要研究方向。     

Modification of CeO2-ZrO2 catalyst by potassium for NOx-assisted soot oxidation

Potassium-modified ceria-zirconia catalyst was synthesized by wetness impregnation method.The ageing treatment was performed in static air at 800°C for 20 hr to evaluate the thermal stability of the catalyst.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction,BET surface area,oxygen storage capacity,NOx-temperature programmed desorption and soot-temperature programmed oxidation measurements.By introduction of potassium,the maximum soot oxidation rate temperature(Tm) of the ceria-zirconia based catalyst de...     

缺氧反硝化聚磷菌对生物除磷的影响

随着现代城市生活水平提高,丰富的各种日用品给生活带来了极大的便利,同时也给城市污水的处理除了一大难题。日常生活中各种洗衣液、灭菌液、清厕灵等表面活性剂产品的使用,导致城市生活污水碳源不足,磷含量明显增高,碳、氮、磷比例失调,最终,城市生活污水处理厂的除磷运行不稳定,出水磷指标不理想。如何提高城市污水处理厂的除磷效果一直是研究的热点。针对这个问题,在保证出水氮达标排放的前提下,重点关注除磷效果。因此,实验以广州市西朗污水处理厂改良A2O工艺为场所,通过调整预缺氧段、厌氧段、缺氧段的进水比例为1∶2∶3及内外回流比例,监控各段磷的含量变化,发现在缺氧段具有较高的除磷效率,可能存在反硝化聚磷菌,从而为实现同类工艺的除磷达标排放提供参考。     

SBR中短程反硝化除磷菌的培养驯化研究

以周期运行培养方式在间隙反应器中驯化以亚硝酸盐作为电子受体的反硝化除磷菌,并比较了硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐作为电子受体时反硝化除磷的效果.结果表明,经厌氧/好氧+厌氧/缺氧(连续投加硝酸盐)+厌氧/缺氧/好氧(连续投加亚硝酸盐)方式成功筛选出能以亚硝酸盐作电子受体的反硝化除磷菌,该系统磷的去除率可达88.62％;在外加硝酸盐,...