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821.
违章行为与心理因素分析 总被引:9,自引:4,他引:5
梁利 《中国安全科学学报》2006,16(8):4-8
据统计,“三违”是安全生产事故的主要罪魁祸首。分析众多事故的原因,无外乎是由人的不安全行为和物的不安全状态造成的,而物的不安全状态归根到底也是人的因素造成的。违章行为是“三违”的表现,它不仅与安全意识淡薄、安全观念落后、安全文化素质及安全生产管理水平低下等因素有关,更重要的原因是人的心理因素,职工的心理隐患是不安全行为的潜在帮凶。研究人的心理因素对违章行为的影响,寻找出一套强化安全心理素质、调整心理因素的方法,对于提高职工的安全意识,杜绝违章行为,减少伤亡事故,保护人民群众的健康和生命财产安全,具有重要现实意义和指导意义的。 相似文献
822.
Fossi MC Casini S Marsili L 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2006,13(3):204-207
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.01.018
Background, Aims and Scope
Man-made Endocrine Disruptors (EDs) range across all continents and oceans. Some geographic areas are potentially more threatened
than others: one of these is the Mediterranean Sea. Levels of some xenobiotics are much higher here than in other seas and
oceans. In this paper we review the final results of a project in which the hypothesis that Mediterranean top predator species
(such as large pelagic fish and marine mammals) are potentially at risk due to EDs was investigated.
Methods In a four-year survey on the Mediterranean population of swordfish (Xiphias gladius), the potential toxicological effects
of organochlorine compounds (OCs) on specimens of swordfish and tuna fish (Thunnus thynnus thynnus), caught in the spawning
seasons from 1999 to 2002 in the Straits of Messina, Sicily (Italy), were investigated using vitellogenin (Vtg), Zona radiata
proteins (Zrp), and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) activities (EROD, BPMO). Tissues (skin and blubber) were obtained from Stenella
coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis and Balaenoptera physalus from the western Ligurian Sea, between Corsica
and the French-Italian coast, and Ionic Sea using biopsy darts launched with a crossbow. Benzo(á)pyrene monoxigenase (BPMO)
activity was mesured in biopsies and cholrinated hydrocarbon levels were detected.
Results and Discussion We illustrate the need to develop and apply sensitive methodological tools, such as biomarkers (Vitellogenin, Zona Radiata
proteins and CYP1A activities) for evaluation of toxicological risk in Xiphias gladius and Thunnus thynnus thynnus), and nondestructive
biomarkers (CYP1A activities and fibroblast cell culture in skin biopsy), for the hazard assessment of threatened marine mammals
species (Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus, Delphinus delphis and Balaenoptera physalus) exposed to EDs.
Conclusion The present research shows that: a) Vtg and Zrp can be used as diagnostic tools for fish stocks hazard assessment in the
Mediterranean Sea; b) that CYP1A1 (BPMO) induction in cetaceans skin biopsy may be an early sign of exposure to EDs such as
OCs and a potential alert for transgenerational effects.
Recommendation and Outlook This research represents a warning signal of the potential reproductive alterations in marine top predators and suggest the
need for continuous monitoring to avoid reductions in population and biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea. 相似文献
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825.
对当前炼化企业基层单位HSE管理体系现状进行了分析.指出了基层单位HSE管理理念没有真正转变、HSE管理制度执行力差、HSE管理职责落实不到位、HSE培训缺乏针对性、HSE绩效考核重结果轻过程、企业安全文化建设重形式轻根基等问题.提出基层单位HSE体系管理改进建议,真正落实“以人为本”的HSE管理理念、强化HSE管理制度的执行力、真正将HSE管理职责落实到位、强化HSE培训需求分析,增强培训的针对性、加强HSE绩效考核过程管理、推进安全文化建设. 相似文献
826.
中委公司社会安全和HSE管理理念的碰撞和融合 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文介绍了中国石油社会安全和HSE管理理念在中委石油合作项目的碰撞和融合。委内瑞拉HSE及社会安全管理工作与国内相比具有特殊性和更具挑战性,中委公司把"以人为本"和"员工生命高于一切"的理念切实落实到实际工作之中,以风险管理为核心,及时精细分析存在的问题和矛盾。公司管理层和员工切实遵守当地法律法规和国际标准和惯例,慎重对待每一个HSE问题,着力提高作业环境的工艺安全水平、员工的行为安全水平,并着力加强社会安全防范措施,提高应急响应能力,保证了员工的生命安全,保障了合作项目安全发展。 相似文献
827.
为有效控制矿用移动式救生舱内气体浓度,确保救生舱内环境质量,保障舱内人员生命安全;根据《煤矿井下紧急避险系统建设管理暂行规定》的指标要求,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法对救生舱舱内气体参数的变化过程进行辨识,得出舱内气体浓度的状态空间模型,并应用迭代优化控制方法对气体浓度进行控制调节;在矿用救生舱模型和现场样机中分别进行了模拟和现场试验。结果表明,测控系统能有效控制救生舱舱内气体浓度进行,满足各项指标要求,且具有较好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
828.
Population structure of humpback whales in the western and central South Pacific Ocean as determined by vocal exchange among populations
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Ellen C. Garland Anne W. Goldizen Matthew S. Lilley Melinda L. Rekdahl Claire Garrigue Rochelle Constantine Nan Daeschler Hauser M. Michael Poole Jooke Robbins Michael J. Noad 《Conservation biology》2015,29(4):1198-1207
For cetaceans, population structure is traditionally determined by molecular genetics or photographically identified individuals. Acoustic data, however, has provided information on movement and population structure with less effort and cost than traditional methods in an array of taxa. Male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) produce a continually evolving vocal sexual display, or song, that is similar among all males in a population. The rapid cultural transmission (the transfer of information or behavior between conspecifics through social learning) of different versions of this display between distinct but interconnected populations in the western and central South Pacific region presents a unique way to investigate population structure based on the movement dynamics of a song (acoustic) display. Using 11 years of data, we investigated an acoustically based population structure for the region by comparing stereotyped song sequences among populations and years. We used the Levenshtein distance technique to group previously defined populations into (vocally based) clusters based on the overall similarity of their song display in space and time. We identified the following distinct vocal clusters: western cluster, 1 population off eastern Australia; central cluster, populations around New Caledonia, Tonga, and American Samoa; and eastern region, either a single cluster or 2 clusters, one around the Cook Islands and the other off French Polynesia. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that each breeding aggregation represents a distinct population (each occupied a single, terminal node) in a metapopulation, similar to the current understanding of population structure based on genetic and photo‐identification studies. However, the central vocal cluster had higher levels of song‐sharing among populations than the other clusters, indicating that levels of vocal connectivity varied within the region. Our results demonstrate the utility and value of using culturally transmitted vocal patterns as a way of defining connectivity to infer population structure. We suggest vocal patterns be incorporated by the International Whaling Commission in conjunction with traditional methods in the assessment of structure. 相似文献
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830.
陈龙 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2014,(1):85-87,91
采用文献资料法、访谈调查法和综合分析法就以武术为媒介传承民族文化精神作出探索并分析,求证武术与传统文化的密切联系,发现了武术教学在传承民族文化时存在被竞技体育形式化,武德教育缺失,良好传统被扭曲等尴尬之处,并指出武术教学改革应重点把握武术基础理论、武德、习武的精神要义、功法原理等,可以利用各种传媒,利用多种特色鲜明的技术内容,利用传统招法名称教学等方法进行民族传统文化的传承。 相似文献