锰银复合催化剂对NTP降解吸附态甲苯的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备以13X分子筛为载体的Mn-Ag复合型催化剂,并用SEM、BET和FT-IR手段对催化剂进行表征。在介质阻挡放电反应器(DBD)中,考察了锰、银不同摩尔比和不同负载总量的催化剂对吸附态甲苯降解的影响。结果表明:当n(Mn)∶n(Ag)为1∶3时,Mn-Ag/13X催化剂对甲苯催化氧化活性最高,CO_2选择性为98.84%;不同摩尔比的催化剂对O_3分解性能顺序与对甲苯的催化氧化性能顺序一致,其顺序为n(Mn)∶n(Ag)1∶3>1∶5>1∶1>3∶1>5∶1>0∶0;Mn-Ag/13X(Mn∶Ag=1∶3)催化剂锰和银负载量对催化剂的吸附性能和催化活性有显著影响,随负载量的变化,吸附穿透时间大小关系为:2.5%Mn-Ag/13X≈7.5%Mn-Ag/13X>5%Mn-Ag/13X>10%Mn-Ag/13X;负载量为5%时,吸附穿透时间为125 min,CO_x浓度为4 669.82 mg/m~3,显示出最好的催化活性。     

关于臭氧—靛蓝二磺酸钠分光光度法（GB／T15437—95）问题探讨

本文就臭氧—靛蓝二磺酸钠（ Ｉ Ｄ Ｓ）分光光度法（ Ｇ Ｂ／ Ｔ１５４３７－ ９５）中存在的问题进行了深入探讨,指出其臭氧摩尔质量（ １２ Ｏ３）为２４００ｇ／ｍ ｏｌ,而不是１２００ｇ／ｍ ｏｌ,从而纠正了方法中的错误。     

以TEOS为硅源的聚硅氯化铝中铝及硅形态分布

以正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS)为硅源 ,合成了新型的聚硅氯化铝 (PASC) ,利用Al Ferron逐时络合比色法和Si Mo逐时络合比色法分别研究了其Al形态及Si形态分布 ,并与常规方法 (以硅酸钠为硅源 )合成的聚硅氯化铝做了比较 .实验结果表明 ,新方法合成的PASC具有铝硅分布均匀 ,分子量较大 ,产品重现性好的优点 .两种方法合成的PASC具有相同的Al形态分布规律 ,即高分子量Al形态含量随B值 (碱化度 )和Si Al摩尔比的增大而增加 ,Al形态随Si Al摩尔比的变化程度随B值的增大而增大 .另外通过新方法发现 ,Si形态分布也具有规律性并和Al形态具有相似的分布特征 ,但Si形态随Si Al摩尔比的变化程度随B值的增大而减小 .     

半干半湿法烟气脱硫技术的工业应用研究

探讨了日本半干半湿法脱硫除尘系统和中国环境科学研究院半干半湿法烟气脱硫除尘示范系统的主要差别 ,研究了半干半湿法烟气脱硫技术在出塔烟气温度、钙硫摩尔比和循环粉煤灰返灰等方面对脱硫效率的影响。结果表明 ,在脱硫塔出口烟气温度为 78℃、m(循环粉煤灰返灰 )∶ m(石灰 )为 1∶ 4、n( Ca)∶ n( S) <1.2时 ,脱硫效率达 85 .1%;在 n( Ca)∶ n( S) =1.4时 ,脱硫效率可达 88.3 %。     

线路板园区综合废水碱法除铜优化实验

线路板废水中的铜主要以络合态存在,破络除铜是其处理稳定达标的关键环节。为了降低运行费用和产泥量,同时为后期的工程升级改造提供依据和参考,实验研究了碱法破络除铜最佳pH值、Na2S/Cu摩尔比、反应时间和絮凝剂种类的选择等,并从处理效率、投药成本、污泥产量多方面考核,确定最佳运行条件:以NaOH调节pH到10.5左右,Na2S与进水总铜摩尔比为1.5∶1～2∶1,反应30 min,再加100 mg/L的PAC和3 mg/L的PAM混凝反应,沉淀0.5 h,出水铜浓度低于0.3 mg/L,达到《电镀污染物排放标准》(GB 21900-2008)中的总铜排放标准。     

Laboratory-scale study of the suppression of PCDD/F emission during coal and MSW co-incineration

The experimental test of co-incinerating Chinese raw municipal solid waste （MSW） and coal in a laboratory-scale tubular reactor was first reported in present study, and the emission of normal gas components and the effects of the S/Cl molar ratio or coal mixing percentages on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans （PCDDs/Fs） emission were investigated and discussed. The results indicated that OCDD was the only PCDD homologues since others like TCDD-HpCDD was hardly detected, while as the categories of PCDF homologues were comparatively much more general. The amount of PCDD was much larger than that of PCDF in all operating conditions. Since ZPCDF/∑PCDD〈〈1, the dominant role of the precursor formation was proven in our experimental conductions. With increasing the coal addition to MSW （from 0 to 16%）, PCDD and PCDF were reduced considerably. Coal and MSW may suppress the PCDD/F emissions efficiently （over 95%） during the MSW incineration process. The PCDD/F suppression results of the present study could be helpful guidance to the industrial application of Chinese MSW and auxiliary coal co-incineration processes. The PCDD/F stack emission data of two industrial incinerators using co-incineration technology in China seem to have a great positive reduction of PCDDs/Fs.     

QSAR计算中的分子连接性指数法

本文介绍了分子连接性指数法和原理及各阶指数的计算方法，以及在ＱＳＡＲ计算中的应用实例，并对特殊连接性指数的用法作了分析。     

摩尔体积预测有机物水的溶解度和辛醇/水分配系数

本文回归分析了20种317个固液化合物的摩尔体积和溶解度以及辛醇/水分配系数的相关性,结果表明:溶解度及辛醇/水分配系数和摩尔体积呈良好的线性相关,讨论了回归系数,并用摩尔体积估算了一些有机物的溶解度和辛醇/水分配系数,并和其它估算方法进行了比较。     

一种多元复合型液氨洗消剂的实验研究

采用含有MgCl2,AlCl3及氟表面活性剂的多元复合型水洗消剂对液氨泄漏进行模拟洗消实验研究,并探讨洗消剂的浓度、Mg/Al配比和洗消时间等对其洗消效率的影响。经研究发现,相比于含有单一金属离子的溶液,Mg2+和Al3+配比为1∶1(摩尔比)的混合溶液具有最佳的洗消效果,两者之间存在着协同洗消作用。该洗消剂可将NH3完全转变为NH4+,自身则转变为无毒无害的氢氧化物,洗消彻底。少量氟表面活性剂的加入,可以降低洗消剂的表面张力,改善细水雾的流动特性。对洗消剂的稳定性及其对洗消装备的腐蚀性也进行了研究。相对于传统的纯水或稀酸型洗消剂,该多元复合型洗消剂配制工艺简单,洗消效率高,洗消彻底,洗消产物无毒无害,是一种高效的环保型洗消剂。     

Anoxic biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate （DMP） by activated sludge cultures under nitrate-reducing conditions

Worldwide extensive use of plasticized plastics has resulted in phthalates pollution in different environment. Nitrates from industry and agriculture are also widely disseminated in the soils, natural waters and wastewaters. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) biodegradation by activated sludge cultures under nitrate-reducing conditions was investigated. Under one optimized condition, DMP was biodegraded from 102.20 mg/L to undetectable level in 56 h under anoxic conditions and its reaction fitted well with the first-order kinetics. Using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) and phthalic acid (PA) were detected as the major intermediates of DMP biodegradation. When combined with the determination of chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) removal capacity and pH, DMP was found to be mineralized completely under anoxic conditions. The biodegradation pathway was proposed as DMP → MMP → PA → … → CO2 H2O.The molar ratio of DMP to nitrate consumed was found to be 9.0:1, which agrees well with the theoretical stoichiometric values of DMP biodegradation by nitrate-reducing bacteria. The results of the non-linear simulation showed that the optimum pH and temperature for the degradation were 7.56 and 31.4℃, respectively.