电镀综合废水对DF膜的污染

江苏某电镀厂的电镀综合废水在采用DF膜进行预处理时,膜易受到污染。针对这一问题,采用DF膜生产厂家提供的小试装置,研究探索了膜污染的原因及其具体特征。实验结果表明,在处理电镀综合废水时,DF膜的污染速率较快,而酸洗对DF膜的恢复性较好,研究还证实电镀综合废水中的无氰沉锌水洗液是造成DF膜污染的主要原因。     

蒽醌修饰石墨毡电极预处理头孢合成废水

以钛涂钌电极为阳极、自制蒽醌修饰石墨毡电极为阴极,对头孢合成废水(COD=25 000~30 000 mg/L、ρ(NH3-N)=850~1 300 mg/L、色度为2 300~2 680度)进行了电化学氧化预处理,优化了电解条件,并对电化学体系的动力学和稳定性进行了分析。实验结果表明:蒽醌的存在可改善电化学氧化降解效果;在电解时间50 min、电流密度0.14 A/cm2、Na2SO4浓度0.1 mol/L、极板间距2 cm、初始废水p H 7.0的条件下,废水的COD、色度、NH3-N的去除率分别可达45.3%,66.9%,33.6%;BOD5/COD由处理前的0.27增至0.40,可生化性得到改善;COD、色度、NH3-N的电化学氧化降解过程均近似符合一级动力学方程;且该电化学体系的应用稳定性良好。     

高炉渣对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能

采用包头钢铁集团炼铁厂的高炉渣为吸附剂(粒径0.154 nm)对Cd2+进行吸附,运用SEM技术对吸附剂进行了表征,研究了初始Cd2+质量浓度、吸附剂加入量、吸附时间、吸附温度和废水pH对Cd2+去除率的影响,并探讨了吸附机理。表征结果显示:高炉渣吸附剂具有疏松多孔的特点,表面十分粗糙,比表面积较大。实验结果表明:当吸附温度为室温(28℃)、废水pH为7、初始Cd2+质量浓度为10 mg/L、吸附剂加入量为8 g/L、吸附时间为60 min时,Cd2+去除率达到98.55%;高炉渣对Cd2+的吸附符合拟二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模型,且吸附反应易发生。     

不同密度螺-草结构对养殖尾水净化效果的比较研究

为减少水产养殖污染物排放,以苦草为对照组,构建环棱螺螺 草生态系统净化池塘养殖尾水,比较不同密度螺 草结构对养殖尾水的净化效果,同时探讨螺草互作对水质的影响。结果表明不同密度螺 草组合对养殖尾水均有较好的净化效果,以中密度组（螺密度50 ind/m3）的去除效果最优,25 d对Chl a、CODMn、TN、TP、NH4+ N、NO3- N和浊度的去除率分别达到98%、39.7%、44.2%、86.9%、58.2%、82.3%和91%,其中以17~25 d的营养物质去除率最高,水质由原来的Ⅳ类、Ⅴ类水提升为Ⅲ类水;环棱螺 苦草互作对水体的净化效果与苦草对照组差异不显著,表明其互利关系不明显;环棱螺 苦草组合对CODMn和TN的去除效果不是很理想,可能是由于实验中以黄土为底泥,其中的异养微生物较少引起的     

降解苯酚优势菌的筛选分离和培养条件研究

从膨润土中筛选出可在含2 g/L苯酚的PDA培养基上生长的菌种,经过逐级驯化,得到1株可以在1 g/L苯酚的无机盐固体培养基上生长并降解苯酚的优势菌种HJ01,其对苯酚600 g/L降解率可达94%.该菌生长的适宜碳源和氮源分别为蔗糖和NH4Cl,温度为25 ℃,pH值范围为6-7.     

混凝-气浮-加压曝气工艺处理屠宰废水

高浓度生猪屠宰废水属难治理工业废水.采用混凝-气浮-加压曝气工艺处理屠宰废水,经生产实践证明,出水水质可达到<肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准>(GB13457-92)中的一级标准.     

新型电极及其电解阳离子染料染色模拟液研究

本文研制了一种可用于废水处理的新型阳极和阴极，研制电极电解处理离子染料色模拟液时，分解电压低，脱色率高，电能消耗少。     

改性脲醛树脂絮凝浮选剂在污水处理中的应用

用尿素和甲醛作为主要原料合成脲醛树脂季胺盐和脲醛树脂叔胺盐。采用ＷＥＭＣＯ浮选模型机和自行设计的模拟现场充气浮选的气浮设备及现场污水对絮凝浮选剂除油、除悬浮物的性能进行了评价。另外，用核磁共振和红外光谱测定了脲醛树脂叔胺盐的结构，并用凝胶色谱法测定了其分子量。     

BIOECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR WASTEWATER REUSE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION1

ABSTRACT: Urban wastewater can be a valuable source of water and plant nutrients for agricultural producers, particularly in arid regions. The scientific literature reveals cautious optimism concerning the biological, institutional, and economic viability of irrigating crops with secondary-treated effluent. A derived effluent demand function for agricultural producers near Tucson, Arizona, reveals a potential annual demand of 11,000 acre-feet under present price and proposed delivery system conditions. In this case, wastewater could be exchanged for ground water and both the urban and rural areas would gain.     

SOIL CHANGES CAUSED BY MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER APPLICATIONS IN EASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA1

ABSTRACT: Wastewater from a municipal treatment plant was applied in rapid infiltration basins for four years to determine a poorly drained soils effectiveness in removing influent N and P and the soil changes that might limit their removal. About half the total PO₄-P lost from the influent was sorbed in the upper 91 cm of the soil and the other half was sorbed by the soil below the perforated pipe, which was used to drain the basins and collect the effluent for analysis. Drying of the basin soils converted more sorbed PO₄-P to Ca phosphates but the total sorbed was about the same. The in. fluent N decreased, probably by volatilization, because the two basins with surface soil lost soil N rather than gained soil N. The soil total Ca, Mg, and K contents did not change significantly but Na increased slightly. Changes in the physical characteristics of the soils were slight and would have little effect on the longevity of a rapid infiltration basin.