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361.
362.
预处理+超滤技术处理饮用水 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在查阅了大量的国内外文献资料基础上,主要介绍了超滤技术及预处理应用于饮用水净化的研究。尽管超滤是一种去除病原微生物(病原菌、病毒和病原原生动物)有效的消毒工艺,但因它的截留分子量比较高,去除天然有机物相对无效。试验证明,适当的预处理可使超滤膜不仅能去除天然水中大量颗粒状物质,同时也可去除溶解性有机物及THMFP。 相似文献
363.
热处理和pH调节协同作用下污泥调质过程研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用单因素实验和正交实验相结合的方式,考察了不同实验条件参数(温度、pH和反应时间)下,热处理和pH调节对污泥细胞溶出过程的影响。结果表明,污泥溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)与反应温度、溶液pH、反应时间成正相关,其中pH对SCOD的影响最为显著,反应时间对其影响最小。污泥溶胞的最优条件:反应温度120℃,pH=11,反应时间为15 min,经过处理,SCOD可达14 810 mg/L,与总化学需氧量(TCOD)之比为49.29%,总有机碳(TOC)达4 560 mg/L,总氮(TN)则增加27%,总悬浮固体(TSS)和挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)去除率分别达22.85%和40.93%。热碱处理后污泥上清液分子量分布(MWD)状况结果显示:〉1 000 KDa MW物质含量随pH和温度的增加而增加,当pH=11时,该部分物质可从原污泥的20.94%增加到31.70%;当温度为120℃时,该部分物质可达49.83%。 相似文献
364.
365.
Xing-Yuan Wei Ling-Zi Sang Jia-Ning Chen Ya-Xian Zhu Yong Zhang 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(11):3150-3157
Biodegradation of dissolved fluorene (Flu), phenanthrene (Ph) and pyrene (Py), three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), singly or as a mixture of the three, by two bacterial strains, MEBIC 5140 (Mycobacterium flavescens) and MEBIC 5141 (Mycobacterium scrofulaceum), as well as the effects of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), e.g. malic acid, citric acid and butyric acid on biodegradation of the three PAHs in mineral salts medium aqueous solution were investigated using a newly established dual-wavelength fluorimetric method. The results showed that biodegradation processes can be monitored simultaneously, quickly and simply by dual-wavelength fluorimetry. Both co-metabolism and inhibitory effects were found during the biodegradation of the three PAHs by MEBIC 5140 and MEBIC 5141. Positive effects of butyric acid and negative effects of citric acid on biodegradation of the three PAHs in a mixture were observed. 相似文献
366.
CuO(-CeO_2)/SBA-15对萘氧化的催化活性及CO_2选择性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过浸渍法制备CuO/SBA-15和CuO-CeO2/SBA-15两种介孔材料催化剂,采用BET、XRD、TPR和XPS等对催化剂进行表征,重点考察催化剂对萘氧化反应的催化活性及对产物CO2的选择性。BET、XRD和XPS等实验结果表明CuO高度分散于介孔分子筛SBA-15中,CeO2可促进CuO在载体上的分散,同时能降低催化剂的TPR还原温度。活性测试结果表明CuO/SBA-15对萘氧化反应的催化活性较高,但是催化氧化的CO2选择性较低,温度在380℃时CO2的生成率仅为60%左右;CeO2的添加不仅提高了CO2的生成率,15%CuO-15%CeO2/SBA-15在325℃使CO2生成率达到99%,而且CeO2增强了催化剂的稳定性。 相似文献
367.
368.
Study on the mechanism of action between dimethyl phthalate and herring sperm DNA at molecular level
Zhenxing Chi Donglin Wang Hong You 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(8):553-557
Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), a typical phthalic acid ester, is widespread in the environment and causes extensive concern due to its adverse effects on human health. To understand the genotoxicity of DMP at molecular level, the toxic interaction of DMP with herring sperm (hs) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; hs-DNA) was investigated in vitro under simulated physiological conditions using multi-spectroscopic techniques and a molecular modeling method. The results of Ultraviolet-Visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectra indicated that DMP interacts with hs-DNA in a groove-binding mode that changes the double helical structure of DNA. The binding constant and the number of binding sites calculated from the fluorescence quenching data were 565.718 L mol?1 and 0.7872, respectively. A molecular modeling study revealed that DMP tends to bind with DNA in the A-T-rich regions of minor groove and that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces play main roles in the interaction. This research can help to elucidate the mechanism of DMP toxicity in vivo. 相似文献
369.
采用膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器对城市生活垃圾焚烧厂产生的垃圾沥滤液进行处理。实验结果表明:中温条件下,当COD浓度为55 000 mg/L左右,有机容积负荷(OLR)为22.8 kg COD/(m3.d)时,EGSB对垃圾沥滤液具有较好的的处理效果,COD去除率可达94.2%。当进水COD为72 000 mg/L左右时,为保证反应器的稳定运行,OLR应降低至18.2 kg COD/(m3.d),此时COD去除率可以达到88%左右,出水COD平均为9 103 mg/L。垃圾沥滤液和EGSB处理出水均以小分子量有机物为主,其中<4 kDa的有机物分别占76.5%和74.4%。EGSB对整个分子量区间的溶解性有机物都有较好的处理效果,其中对大分子有机物的处理效率相对更高。 相似文献
370.
Zhi F. Xu Ge Wen Dai Z. Kuang Fu X. Zhang Si P. Tang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):336-343
A deltamethrin-imprinted polymer (MIP1) was prepared using bis(-6-O-butanediacid monoester)-β-cyclodextrin (BBA-β-CD) as the functional monomer and toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) as the cross-linker. In comparison to the molecularly imprinted polymer where β-CD was applied as the functional monomer (MIP2), MIP1 showed a higher specific binding capacity (ΔCP) and an improved imprinting factor (IF) for deltamethrin. The selective recognition experiments demonstrated that compared to MIP2, MIP1 could better recognize its template over other substrates that had similar chemical structures. The solid phase extraction (SPE) of deltamethrin using MIP1 as the adsorbent was further investigated. The recoveries of the molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) column for deltamethrin were 83.2–93.4% with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 2.03–6.19%. The method has been successfully applied to the enrichment of trace deltamethrin from real water samples. 相似文献