我国东部冲积平原区水成土壤元素背景值地域分异规律

从气候条件、母质物质组成的差异以及河流上下游物质之间的联系等角度，讨论了我国东部冲积平原区土壤中１３种元素的地理分布趋势及影响因素。研究表明，大多数元素具有明显的南北向地域分布趋势，这种趋势是地带性和非地带性因素共同决定的，而以非地带因素更重要。此外，东部平原土壤与相应主要河流上游侵蚀区土壤微量元素含量具有很好的共轭关系。     

Profitability of intensification technologies among smallholder maize farmers in the forest-savanna transition zone of Nigeria

Sustaining the productive capacity of the land resource under the existing land-use system and increasing population pressure requires the use of appropriate technologies that will enhance farm productivity and income levels.This paper examines the effect on farm profitability of smallholder maize farmers’ use of intensification technologies in tropical agriculture. The survey was conducted in southwest Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents from two major agroclimatic zones in Osun State. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire and complemented with focus group discussions (FGDs), while the State’s Ministry of Agriculture provided secondary data.Pressure on land was found high because farmland was continuously cropped for an average of 10 years with a mean fallow period of 2 years only. Technologies used to intensify agriculture included inorganic fertilizer, organic manure, alley cropping, and tree planting.Results from costs and returns analysis showed that average net returns to inorganic fertilizer use ranked highest in the two zones, while tree planting ranked lowest. There was a significant ecoregional difference on the average net returns/year earned by users of mineral fertilizer. While organic manure use earned higher net returns than alley cropping practice in the rain forest, the reverse was the case for the derived savanna. FGDs revealed that respondents’ preferred to use inorganic fertilizer despite its inadequate supply because, apart from enhancing higher returns and net gains, it also improved output level and provided an opportunity for the continuous use of the scarce land.These results imply that economic returns play a critical role in farmers’ use of intensification technologies and consequently affect their resource management decisions. Policy measures aimed at promoting research on appropriate technologies that are profitable on farmers’ fields will be more effective in enhancing farmers’ use of intensification technologies.     

环境侵害民事诉讼若干问题探讨

随着社会经济发展到一定阶段,人们的物质文化需求与日益脆弱的环境现实必然产生矛盾--即发展与环境的矛盾.而这种矛盾所导致的结果就是环境侵害案件的不断增多,而由于我国长期以来一直是一个以计划经济为主的发展中国家,法制建设不足,只是在近二十五年中立法工作才得以提速、加强.而这当中,对环境保护及环境违法处置方面的立法尤显不足,由此造成目前现实中的环境侵害案件,用传统诉讼制度来解决时,问题和缺陷日益显露.深入研究此类案件的特点,将有利于司法部门正确解决纠纷,切实保护当事人的权利.本文对环境侵害之诉讼要件中的诉讼主体的确定,诉讼请求的根据与范围、证明规则,以及诉讼时效等问题进行了初步探讨.     

韶石山风景区岩石中的名胜古迹

韶石古道是古代上京古道的一段。韶石山是唐宋以来的旅游胜地，岩洞、崖壁中遗留众多的名胜古迹，如岩庙、石寨、石刻石雕、岩画、岩棺墓等珍贵的历史遗迹。     

关于黄土高原空间范围的讨论

长期以来,黄土高原的空间范围缺乏明确的定论。争论的焦点反映出不同学者对自然地理现象空间分布过渡性的认识和处理的差异。本文从黄土、黄土分布区、黄土高原及其毗邻的黄土分布区、黄土高原、典型黄土地貌区等几个不同层次的概念出发,探讨了划分黄土高原的客观标准,并根据野外考察和航卫片判读确定了黄土高原的空间范围。     

生物多样性保护与社区发展--以云南省南涧无量山自然保护区周边社区为例

自然要素的双重性决定了社区发展会造成生物多样性的破坏，保护生物多样性又会阻碍社区发展。以南涧无量山自然保护区周边社区为例，分析了生物多样性保护与社区发展之间的关系和矛盾，提出了缓解矛盾的建议和对策。     

Ecological-breaking zone originates and its ecosystems reconstruction in arid area

Ｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ－ｂｒｅａｋｉｎｇｚｏｎｅｏｒｉｇｉｎａｔｅｓａｎｄｉｔｓｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｎａｒｉｄａｒｅａ￥ＨｕａｎｇＰｅｉｙｏｕ；ＬｕＺｉｌｉ（ＢｉｏｌｏｇｙＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＸｉｎｊｉａｎｇＵｎｉｖｅ...     

阴山北麓丘陵区林草建设与生态恢复--以固阳县忽鸡沟乡小六分子村为例

针对阴山北麓生态环境特点和主要环境问题，以固阳县忽鸡沟乡大六分子村为基点，应用恢复生态学的基本理论和生态经济学原理，以恢复生态系统良性循环为目标，通过实施以林草建设为核心的一系列植被恢复与重建措施，使遭受破坏的生态系统逐步得到恢复并步入良性循环的轨道，为阴山北麓广大地区生态恢复探索一条切实可行的有效途径。     

Soil water characteristics in mountain poplar stand and its benefits to soil and water conservation in loess hilly region

ＳｏｉｌｗａｔｅｒｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｉｎｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｐｏｐｌａｒｓｔａｎｄａｎｄｉｔｓｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｔｏｓｏｉｌａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｉｎｌｏｅｓｓｈｉｌｌｙｒｅｇｉｏｎＷｕＱｉｎｘｉａｏ；ＬｉｕＸｉａｎｇｄｏｎｇ...     

岩溶山区煤炭开采的环境影响与对策浅析

岩溶山区的煤炭开采必将时生态环境造成影响和破环．为确保煤炭生产与生态环境的协调发展，根据岩溶山区资源环境与生态特点。采取积极有效的综合防治措施，以及收取环境恢复治理保证金的建议，可望通过实践取得成效．