三峡库区腹心地带消落区土壤氮磷含量调查

消落区土壤中氮磷是上覆水体营养物质的潜在来源之一。在2008年底三峡蓄水至172 m之前,采样分析了小江（澎溪河）等库区5条典型支流淹没前的消落区土壤氮磷含量分布情况。在研究样区范围内,消落区土壤全氮均值为1317±0484 mg/g,变化范围在0459~2735 mg/g,而土壤全磷均值为0676±0282 mg/g,变化范围在0314~2799 mg/g。不同的土地利用方式消落区土壤全氮含量有明显差异,耕地消落区和园林地消落区的全氮值明显高于河滩地消落区。不同流域之间氮素差异也达到极显著水平,朱衣河和大宁河流域消落区土壤氮素要明显高于其他3条支流。但是,不同土地利用方式的消落区之间全磷差异不显著,不同流域之间磷素差异也不显著。相比长江中下游一些浅水湖泊的底泥,库区消落区土壤中全氮和全磷含量水平已处于偏高状态,向上覆水体释放的风险较大。小江流域的丰乐镇和养鹿镇、朱衣河的胡家坝地区是研究范围内释放风险高的区域.     

开发区土地利用的可持续性评价及实践研究—以芜湖经济技术开发区为例

目前国内土地资源可持续利用的研究主要集中在城市和县域尺度,关于开发区这一特殊经济区域的相关研究还较少。开发区是我国当前经济的重要增长点,所具有的良好示范和带动作用可促进其腹地甚至其他地区的可持续发展,因此评价和监测开发区土地可持续发展的状态和程度具有重要意义。以芜湖经济技术开发区为例,从土地开发利用状况、社会影响和环境质量三方面构建了开发区土地可持续利用的综合评价指标体系,运用模糊数学的方法对芜湖经济技术开发区土地利用的可持续性进行了综合评价,评价结果为该区土地利用的可持续性对中度可持续的隶属度0.539最大,根据最大隶属度原则,该区土地利用的可持续性为中度可持续。     

三峡水库水位涨落带土地资源的初步研究

三峡大坝建成后,将在库区两岸形成永久性的水位涨落带。涨落带冬半年为水域,丰半年出露水面成陆,是一种具有多功能的土地资源类型,在夏半年,涨落带成陆面积大,成陆期较长,与同期丰富的光热水资源构成优势组合,使涨落带土地具有较高的生产潜力。对三峡库区水位落带土地资源的质量、数量和分布特点进行分析,在此基础上提出了合理利用的设想。     

淮河流域及洪泽湖水质的演变趋势分析

利用洪泽湖及其淮河入湖河段的水质监测数据，分析了近30年来洪泽湖水质的变化趋势，重点研究了“八五”、“九五”期间洪泽湖水质的季节与年际变化规律；通过对淮河干流、省界河流代表站及全流域国家基本站水质监测数据的综合分析，论述了淮河流域水质变化的总体趋势；研究表明，全流域水质恶化的趋势已经基本得到遏止，水质有所改善，但波动性大，部分河段特别是省界河流污染仍然较严重，集中排污所引起的污染事故仍时有发生。近几年“达标排放”等污染治理工作取得了显著的成就，但“淮河、洪泽湖水变清”，依然“任重道远”；淮河流域位于温度变化的南北过渡带，当属于我国最大的Ecotone(生态交错带）类型之一，建议基于其Ecotone的生态实质，进行流域污染的治理和生态的重建工作。     

三峡库区香溪河流域河岸带种子植物区系研究

根据详细的植物群落调查资料,对三峡库区香溪河流域河岸带种子植物区系进行了研究。结果表明：河岸带维管束种类在科级水平上占神农架的65.8％,在属级水平上占47.3％,在种级水平上占26.7％。河岸带植物区系的性质为温带特性,与神农架地区种子植物属的性质相一致。河岸带这一独特自然景观的植物区系在整个区域自然景观中具有相当的代表性。在香溪河流域河岸带中,维管束植物种类较丰富,分布着大量的珍稀濒危植物种类,表明河岸带在生物多样性保护中具有重要的作用。     

Who should manage protected areas in the Swedish mountain region? A survey approach to co-management

This article investigates attitudes towards co-management of protected areas in Sweden, at the national, county and local level. In Sweden, protected areas are still primarily designated and managed hierarchically-a practice increasingly contested by people living close to them, including indigenous Sámi reindeer herders whose economic activities are located within protected areas. The general view could, on the contrary, be anticipated to be pro-state since protected areas are considered to be of national interest. For democratic reasons, however, the opinions of the whole population should be considered. In order to measure both local and general views, this study is based on a two-sample survey of 8868 respondents. The objectives are to map and explain attitudes regarding who should manage protected areas in Sweden, and to test the usefulness of a multi-level quantitative method. Such an approach is unusual in co-management literature that is empirically mainly based on local case studies. The explanatory ambition sets out to test three hypotheses drawn from common-pool resource theory; resource dependency, common understanding, and trust. Perhaps surprisingly, the results show that a considerable majority of the respondents (at all levels) wish to see self- or co-management. All three hypotheses are important to understand attitudes toward the management of protected areas, but not always in the way that the theory anticipates.     

基于大气环境箱式模型对成都平原城市群主要城市空间发展的评价分析

本文讨论了大气环境箱式模型的两种表达方式在成都平原城市群规划中的适用性,并采用箱式模型计算成都平原城市群主要城市的大气环境容量,通过对不同假设条件的用地布局方案的大气环境容量计算和比较,对规划方案确定的南北轴线主要城市空间发展提出了限制性条件,使规划方案符合大气环境容量的要求,以确保环境空气质量目标的实现.     

循环经济理念在区域战略环评中的应用

文章论述了循环经济理念在区域战略环评中应用的必要性,并以北京亦庄新城为例,提出了如何针对现有的经济与产业结构中存在的问题,构建循环经济发展原则下的生态工业园区的要点与基本方案.     

巧用Premiere Pro 2.0 制作艺术倒计时片头

Premiere Pro 2.0 是用于编辑影视作品的专业软件,可以编辑和制作电影、DV、栏目包装、字幕、网络视频、电子相册等.本文介绍了其自带的制作倒计时片头效果模板的使用方法,提出了利用Premiere Pro 2.0视频转场特效结合专业制图软件制作艺术倒计时效果的具体方法.     

Testing a Simple Field Method for Assessing Nitrate Removal in Riparian Zones1

Abstract: Being able to identify riparian sites that function better for nitrate removal from groundwater is critical to using efficiently the riparian zones for water quality management. For this purpose, managers need a method that is quick, inexpensive, and accurate enough to enable effective management decisions. This study assesses the precision and accuracy of a simple method using three ground water wells and one measurement date for determining nitrate removal characteristics of riparian buffer zones. The method is a scaled‐down version of a complex field research method that consists of a large network of wells and piezometers monitored monthly for over two years. Results using the simplified method were compared to those from the reference research method on a date‐by‐date basis on eight sites covering a wide range of hydrogeomorphic settings. The accuracy of the three‐well, 1 day measurement method was relatively good for assessing nitrate concentration depletion across riparian zones, but poor for assessing the distance necessary to achieve a 90% nitrate removal and for estimating water and nitrate fluxes compared to the reference method. The simplified three‐well method provides relatively better estimates of water and nitrate fluxes on sites where ground‐water flow is parallel to the water table through homogeneous aquifer material, but such conditions may not be geographically widespread. Despite limited overall accuracy, some parameters that are estimated using the simplified method may be useful to water resource managers. Nitrate depletion information may be used to assess the adequacy of existing buffers to achieve nitrate concentration goals for runoff. Estimates of field nitrate runoff and buffer removal fluxes may be adequate for prioritizing management toward sites where riparian buffers are likely to have greater impact on stream water quality.