长江中下游 南黄海地震带地震活动趋势分析

对长江中下游 南黄海地震带地震活跃期、幕划分及其发展趋势进行了研究,对江苏及其邻区今后几年的地震大形势及重点危险区进行了判定。分析认为,长南带从１９７１年以来进入第二活跃期的第３幕,该幕地震活动将持续到２０１０年前后,最高活动水平为６．５级左右。今后几年江苏东部至南黄海海域发生５～６级或６级以上地震的可能性较大。     

Developments in dutch coastline management: Conclusions from the second governmental coastal report

In 1990 the Dutch government decided to stop any further long-term landward retreat of the coastline. This policy choice for a ‘dynamic preservation’ is primarily aimed at safety against flooding and at sustainable preservation of the values and interests concerning the dunes and beaches. Five years later, a first overview of the benefits and bottlenecks of the new coastal defence policy could be presented, which was published in the second governmental coastal report ‘Kustbalans 1995’ (coastal balance 1995). This consists of three elements: (1) evaluation of the implementation of ‘dynamic preservation’, (2) the consequences of several natural and anthropogenic developments in the coastal zone and (3) integrated coastal zone management. The present report describes experiences of Dutch coastline management and summarizes the main conclusions of the second governmental report. The overall conclusion of the evaluation study is that the 1990 choice for ‘dynamic preservation’ was right. Sand supply is an effective method of coastline maintenance, which also serves functional uses in the beach and dune area. However, nearly a doubling of the supply volume is necessary to compensate for sand losses in the coastal zone. A more integrated management of the coastal zone is necessary to find an equilibrium between the interests of socio-economic development and the maintenance of a natural, dynamic system.     

A GIS-based vulnerability assessment of coastal natural hazards,state of Pará, Brazil

Studies carried out in the NE coastal zone of the State of Pará (Brazil) have recorded, in the last 25 years, numerous evidence of natural impacts of the flood and erosion processes. As a consequence, diverse strategies and measures of population adaptation have been implemented but with limited success. Therefore, in order to subsidize the Coastal Zone Management Program of Pará, this paper aims to identify, assess and classify natural and socio-economic vulnerabilities of this coastal zone by means of a Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based composite coastal vulnerability index (CVI). In spite of the data problems and shortcomings, using ESRI’s Arcview 3.2 program, the CVI score, to classify, weight and combine a number of 16 separate natural and socio-economic variables to create a single indicator provides a reliable measure of differences (5 classes) among regions and communities that are exposed to similar ranges of hazards. The results are presented in three maps referred to as Natural, Socioeconomic and Total Vulnerability. The confidence associated with the results obtained, the need to utilize another variables, and to frequently update the ones used already were analyzed and discussed.     

南岳衡山生态旅游开发研究

生态旅游是实现旅游可持续发展的重要途径．南岳衡山开发生态旅游条件优越，生态旅游资源类型齐全，区位优越，市场前景广阔，但必须走可持续发展之路．     

Amino acids during development of mountain birch leaves

Summary. The nutritive value of tree foliage for herbivores decreases rapidly with leaf maturation, due in particular to the decline in leaf nitrogen content. Since the amino acid content of plants differs from the need of herbivores for individual amino acids, we examined developmental changes in the contents of amino acids throughout the growth season of mountain birch. The contents of free and protein-bound amino acids, as well as essential and nonessential ones, displayed different patterns with leaf maturation, suggesting that total nitrogen or protein levels are poor predictors of the nutritive status of leaves. The contents of protein-bound amino acids were 100 times higher than those of free amino acids, indicating that the role of free amino acids in nutrition of herbivores is probably less important than that of protein-bound amino acids. Among protein-bound amino acids, both the absolute and the relative contents of two nitrogen-rich essential amino acids, lysine and arginine, decreased during early leaf growth, presumably reducing nitrogen availability in developing leaves. Essential amino acids were mainly positively related to each other, suggesting the co-ordinated regulation of their synthesis. Changes in correlations among individual free amino acids reflected developmental changes in allocation preferences between biosynthesis pathways with leaf growth. Received 31 January 2003; accepted 17 March 2003. R1D=" Correspondence to: Teija Ruuhola, e-mail: teiruu@utu.fi     

区域大气环境质量变化趋势研究

本文研究了城市及其开发区域大气环境质量变化趋势的计算方法，并对一城市开发区进行了实例研究，应用本文的方法可以对城市及其开发区进行多点源和的影响下大气环境质量模拟。预测，评价与规划。     

中亚热带木兰科基因库营建技术研究

本文介绍了中亚热带木兰科基因库营建技术和方法;经过多年收集,基因库共栽培木兰科植物7属82种,通过对木兰科植物幼树生长结果的分析,认为在82种中长势尚好者有33种,生长优良者有14种;据此,确定了16种优良用材树种和34种优良园林绿化树种。     

广东山区反季节蔬菜栽培研究──以信宜县山区为例

本文在对信宜县山区农业气候资源进行深入研究分析的基础上，根据各种蔬菜的生物学特性，提出了信宜县山区露地种植反季节蔬菜的适宜海拔高度和栽培措施，为广东省山区合理利用垂直气候资源，发展反季节蔬菜生产提供了科学依据。     

Geochemical and Geophysical Monitoring of Salinewater Intrusion in Korean Paddy Fields

The saline water intruded zone in paddy fields near the seashore can be diagnosed accurately by joint exploration with geophysical and geochemical methods. Using the electromagnetic (EM) sounding technique, the weakly consolidated zone which introduces saline water into such an area of near seashore paddy fields in Korea was detected from the variation of electrical conductivity distribution following field irrigation. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) with Schlumberger array and chemical analysis of top soils, and groundwater in the study area verified the intruded zone near the surface. The VES results showed that the intrusion of seawater occurred in the form of a channel down to 30 m below sea level. Geochemical analysis of the top soil samples for the six major elements found in seawater indicated that the region showing high concentrations is concordant with the weakly consolidated zone near the surface. The degree of contamination in the study area was investigated by comparing the soil data with those from a nearby old reclamation field. If remediation work is not done for this intrusion zone, the sodicity degree in the paddy soil is expected to increase compared with the reference site data.     

粤东山区土壤环境与蔬菜反夏栽培研究

以粤东丰顺县下八乡山区为例,根据其土壤、气候与环境特点,对蔬菜反夏栽培的适宜品种、播种期、轮作形式及各种配套技术措施进行了多年的试验研究。试验及推广的结果表明,种植反季节蔬菜及实行稻菜轮作的经济效益都比种植水稻高;新植茶园间套种蔬菜也有较高的经济效益。