造纸机械用灰铸铁烘缸定期检验要点分析

灰铸铁烘缸具有特殊的铸造结构特征与灰铸铁材质特点,其定期检验要求不同于常规焊制金属压力容器。本文结合定期检验项目要求及现场检验经验,对造纸机械用灰铸铁烘缸的宏观检验、壁厚测定、无损检测、硬度检测、安全附件及仪表、耐压试验等定期检验项目进行了检验检测要点分析与探讨。     

我国钢铁工业节能环保工作现状与展望

分析了我国钢铁企业环保工作现状,指出了节能环保工作中存在的主要问题,提出了“十五”后期节能环保工作的主要目标和对策。     

创建清洁钢厂的探索与实践

以福建三安钢铁有限公司为例,总结三安钢铁采取的一系列节能减排措施,同时提出创建清洁钢厂的对策与思路。     

Mesoscale variability related to iron speciation in a coastal Ross Sea area (Antarctica) during summer 2014

Dissolved iron (Fe) distribution and speciation was determined in water samples (0–200?m) collected in a coastal area near Terra Nova Bay during the austral summer of 2014. Nutrients, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, phytoplankton composition and prokaryotic biomass distribution were investigated in combination with measurements of the physical properties of the water columns and its dynamics. The dFe value was above the limiting growth concentration, ranging from 0.52 to 4.51?nM, and it showed a spatial variability with a horizontal length scale of about 10?km, according to the variability of the water column physical properties and to iron sources. The organic ligands (L) maintained the concentrations of dFe at levels much higher than the inorganic solubility of Fe, keeping it available for phytoplankton and the log K’_FeL values found (from 22.1 to 23.6) highlighted the presence of complexes of differing stabilities.     

Shifting elasmobranch community assemblage at Cocos Island—an isolated marine protected area

Fishing pressure has increased the extinction risk of many elasmobranch (shark and ray) species. Although many countries have established no‐take marine reserves, a paucity of monitoring data means it is still unclear if reserves are effectively protecting these species. We examined data collected by a small group of divers over the past 21 years at one of the world's oldest marine protected areas (MPAs), Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica. We used mixed effects models to determine trends in relative abundance, or probability of occurrence, of 12 monitored elasmobranch species while accounting for variation among observers and from abiotic factors. Eight of 12 species declined significantly over the past 2 decades. We documented decreases in relative abundance for 6 species, including the iconic scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) (?45%), whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus) (?77%), mobula ray (Mobula spp.) (?78%), and manta ray (Manta birostris) (?89%), and decreases in the probability of occurrence for 2 other species. Several of these species have small home ranges and should be better protected by an MPA, which underscores the notion that declines of marine megafauna will continue unabated in MPAs unless there is adequate enforcement effort to control fishing. In addition, probability of occurrence at Cocos Island of tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier), Galapagos (Carcharhinus galapagensis), blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus), and whale (Rhincodon typus) sharks increased significantly. The effectiveness of MPAs cannot be evaluated by examining single species because population responses can vary depending on life history traits and vulnerability to fishing pressure.     

微量Fe3+对过氧化氢异丙苯热稳定性影响研究

为研究微量铁离子（Fe³⁺）对过氧化氢异丙苯（CHP）热稳定性的影响,采用绝热加速量热仪（ARC）对CHP及含4种不同浓度Fe3+的CHP进行了绝热分解测试,测试分析了5个样品在绝热条件下的起始分解温度（To,s）、绝热温升（ΔTad,s）、最大温升速率（mm,s）和最大温升速率到达时间（θm,s）等参数,并利用热惰性因子Φ对实验数据进行了修正。研究结果表明:在绝热条件下,微量Fe3+的存在对CHP分解的To,s,ΔTad,s,mm,s和θm,s均有较大影响,且浓度不同对各参数的影响不一样;Fe³⁺的存在增加了CHP分解的剧烈程度,且浓度越大,CHP分解越剧烈,其热分解失控可能性越大,危险性越高;储存运输CHP时要避免与高浓度的Fe³⁺接触。研究结果可为CHP的热稳定性安全提供一定参考。     

Fe2+EDTA溶液络合-铁还原脱除烟气中NO

提出了“Fe2 螯合剂络合-铁粉还原-酸吸收”回收法脱除烟气中NO的新工艺,重点研究了模拟烟气中O2体积分数对NO络合量的影响,以及铁粉用量、铁粉粒径、搅拌速度对NO脱除效率的影响,确定了最佳的铁粉脱氮工艺条件,并对铁粉和铁屑的脱氮效果进行了比较。结果表明,烟气中O2的体积分数从0%增加到4.2%,NO络合量下降90.2%;NO脱除效率随铁粉用量和反应器搅拌速度的增加而增加,随铁粉粒径的增加而降低;过程的最佳工艺参数为,铁粉用量0.8g,铁粉粒径≤0.077mm,搅拌速度900r·min-1,在此条件下,对O2体积分数为5%的模拟烟气在搅拌反应器中可取得90%以上的NO脱除效率;用铁粉在1台搅拌反应器中取得的NO脱除效率和用铁屑在2个鼓泡反应器串联时所取得的效率相当。     

土壤中氧化铁的有机还原溶解动力学

研究了土壤中的氧化铁被两种酚化合物还原而溶解的动力学，结果表明，在ｐＨ恒定和有机还原剂过量的情况下，氧化铁的还原溶解符合一级反应动力学方程，还原溶解速率大小与土壤中氧化铁的结晶形态有关．氧化锰的存在影响着氧化铁的还原溶解，在存在足够的还原剂的条件下，两者可同时还原．实验中求得黄壤和赤红壤中氧化铁的还原溶解反应对［Ｈ＋］的反应级数分别为０．１２６和０．１７４。土壤中氧化铁的还原溶解是一个受表面反应控制的过程，反应的速率控制步骤是表面的电子转移反应，磷酸根在土壤中的吸附占据了氧化铁表面的反应位，因而明显抑制还原溶解反应．     

乳化剂OP和邻菲啰啉存在下硫氰酸钾分光光度法测定土壤有效铁和植物中的铁

在硫酸介质中，在非离子表面活性剂乳化剂ＯＰ和邻菲啉共同存在下，铁（Ⅲ）与硫氰酸钾形成红色配合物，其最大吸收波长为５２２ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为２．０７…１０￣４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ．ｃｍ，铁（Ⅲ）含量在０—５０μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围内符合比耳定律．该法操作简便、快速．选择性好，应用于土壤有效铁和植物中铁的测定．结果令人满意．     

铁催化聚丙烯腈脱氮的研究

应用热天平研究了载铁聚丙烯腈的脱氮碳化行为，负载铁对ＰＡＮ的稳定化和脱氮碳化均具有显著的催化作用，并在５８０－７６０℃范围内明显增加了Ｎ２形成速率。ＸＰＳ和ＸＲＤ对碳化过程中铁和氮化学形态变化的研究结果表明，铁催化反应机理可能是负载铁与吡啶氮作用形成中间体铁氮化物，后者进而分解释放出Ｎ２。