矿山选矿项目环评中地质现状调查工作

本文从目前矿山选矿项目环评中地质现状调查出现的误区及形成原因分析入手,依据环境影响评价技术导则——总纲对相关内容的要求,探讨了提高地质环境现状质量,正确开展调查研究工作的方法,并针对目前尾矿库地质现状调查失真失实引发可能存在环境风险,提出避免改进措施。     

我国民间环保组织的现状及未来发展问题探讨

介绍了在环境保护领域,我国民间环保组织与政府部门既互相监督,又取长补短,尤其在提升公众环保意识、强化公众参与等活动中发挥的特殊作用。在分析了法律规定不完善、资金缺乏、人员不稳定等因素严重制约民间环保组织的发展等现实问题基础上,提出应降低民间环保组织登记门槛,变双重审批制为单审批制;培育良好社会环境,提供其健康发展的外因;加强能力建设,强化其健康有序发展的内因,从而培育引导民间环保组织健康发展,促进“两型”社会建设。     

海水监测的质量保证和质量控制

从海水监测质量保证和质量控制计划的制定、监测点位的布设、样品的采集和流转、样品的分析等方面阐述了海水监测中所需要采取的质量保证和质量控制措施,保证了海水监测的准确性和可靠性。     

某延迟焦化装置职业病危害因素及其防护措施分析

通过对某延迟焦化装置生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素进行检测分析,找出职业病危害的关键控制点,并提出了防护措施要求。     

化学除磷中混凝剂对活性污泥活性的影响

从污水处理厂运行实践出发,研究了混凝剂对活性污泥活性的直接和间接影响。结果表明：混凝剂对微生物的影响程度：PAC〉三价铝盐〉三价铁盐,混凝剂用于生化段除磷时,铁盐投加量宜小于20 mg/L,PAC、三价铝盐宜小于10 mg/L。反冲洗污水排入生化系统对微生物无直接的抑制作用,但造成活性污泥中的无机组分比例增加,北区厂V...     

硫化亚铁自燃温度影响研究

硫化亚铁自燃是引起石油化工行业火灾爆炸事故的重要原因之一。为了规避此类事故的发生,利用自燃温度测试仪测定了不同粒径硫化亚铁以及硫磺与硫化亚铁混合物的自燃温度。结果表明:随着硫化亚铁粒径比表面积的增大,其自燃温度先减小后增大,之后随着粒径的继续增大,自燃温度基本保持平稳状态;硫磺与硫化亚铁混合物自燃温度彼此具有协同作用,其自燃温度比硫化亚铁自燃温度降低了116.3℃,使硫化亚铁自燃失控危险性大大增加,为采取安防措施带来了极大的不便。     

关于水中硫化物测定几个影响因素的探讨

本文通过改变实验室温度、显色时间、是否加入乙酸锌-乙酸钠、稀释水的酸碱性等试验条件,探讨硫化物的最佳测定条件。试验结果表明,在温度为18~22℃、稀释水p H在8~10、使用液中加入乙酸锌-乙酸钠时,采用亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定硫化物标准样品,可以得到较准确的测定结果。     

Effect of hydrogen sulfide in comparison to atorvastatin on endothelial damage in cholesterol-fed rabbits

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gaseous molecule, functioning as a physiological regulator. This study aimed to investigate the role of H₂S in atherosclerosis. Rabbits receiving high cholesterol were given atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, orally) or sodium sulfide (1.1 mg/kg/day, intramuscular) 2 weeks after commencement of high-cholesterol diet and continued for 4 weeks. Serum lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation indexed as malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, the vascular adhesion molecule-1, and aortic vascular endothelial growth factor were determined. Rabbits receiving a high-cholesterol diet showed elevated levels of total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, malondialdehyde and vascular adhesion molecule-1, and aortic vascular endothelial growth factor expression and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. Treatment with atorvastatin and sodium sulfide has beneficial effects on serum lipid profile, oxidative damage, vascular adhesion molecule-1, and aortic expression of vascular endothelial growth factor.     

Improving the Synthesis Gas Quality in Catalytic Gasification of Rice Straw by an Integrated Hot-Gas Cleaning System

This research investigates an enhanced removal rate of tar and trace pollutants (e.g. hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide, H₂S) in the gasification of rice straw, using an integrated in situ tar reduction and hot-gas cleaning technique. The gasification temperature was set at 900°C and equilibrium ratio (ER) was 0.30 in the gasifier. In the in situ tar reduction method, the catalyst, dolomite with an amended ratio of 0–15% was introduced to the gasifier. The integrated hot-gas cleaning system applied a multi-packed tower to remove the tar, sulfur and/or chlorine byproduct in syngas at 250°C. The packed materials composed of zeolite, calcined dolomite and activated carbon. The experimental results indicated that the tar concentration of syngas was approximately 20 g/kg. However, in catalytic gasification with 5% dolomite addition, the tar concentration reduced to 17 g/kg. The tar reduction efficiency was approximately 15% by an in situ dolomite addition. When applying the integrated hot-gas cleanup system, the tar was virtually eliminated. The total tar elimination rate was almost 100% and the cleaned syngas could be applied in other energy utilization equipment. On the other hand, the H₂S and HCl concentration were 101 ppmv and 991 ppmv, respectively. After the integrated syngas cleaning system, the H₂S and HCl were decreased to 7.9 ppmv and 410 ppmv with a removal efficiency of 92.1% and 58.6%, respectively. It can be concluded that combining the in situ method with the integrated syngas cleaning system can effectively reduce the amount of byproduct and enhance the syngas quality in the gasification of rice straw.     

Characteristics and anthropogenic sources of carbonyl sulfide in Beijing

Atmosphericmixing ratios of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in Beijingwere intensivelymeasured from March 2011 to June 2013. COS mixing ratios exhibited distinct seasonal variation, with a maximumaverage value of 849 ± 477 pptv in winter and a minimal value of 372 ± 115 pptv in summer. The seasonal variation of COS was mainly ascribed to the combined effects of vegetation uptake and anthropogenic emissions. Two types of significant linear correlations (R² > 0.66) were found between COS and CO during the periods from May to June and from October to March, with slopes (ΔCOS/ΔCO) of 0.72 and 0.14 pptv/ppbv, respectively. Based on the emission ratios of COS/CO from various sources, the dominant anthropogenic sources of COS in Beijing were found to be vehicle tire wear in summer and coal burning in winter. The total anthropogenic emission of COS in Beijing was roughly estimated as 0.53 ± 0.02 Gg/year based on the local CO emission inventory and the ΔCOS/ΔCO ratios.