改性碳纳米管原始样品吸附亚甲基蓝的性能研究

利用直接制备的碳纳米管原始样品作为染料亚甲基蓝的吸附剂,采用次氯酸钠溶液对于碳纳米管原始样品进行表面修饰改性,改性处理后碳纳米管对亚甲基蓝吸附性较好,本工艺简单有效,所获得的吸附剂具有磁性,吸附过后用磁铁易于达到固液分离的效果.吸附性能结果表明:本吸附剂对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附在60 min基本达到平衡,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型(R2>0.99).改性后的磁性碳纳米管吸附亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量qe与亚甲基蓝溶液的平衡浓度Ce的关系满足Langmuir(R2>0.99)、Freundlich(R2>0.91)以及Dubinin-Radushkevich(D-R)(R2>0.92)等温吸附模型.通过Langmuir模型计算可知改性磁性碳纳米管对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附容量为101.6 mg.g-1,由D-R模型计算结果可以推断,次氯酸钠改性后的磁性碳纳米管对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附机理以化学吸附为主.     

低传质阻力渗流式纳米电极电化学反应器处理活性艳蓝X-BR

采用渗流式电化学反应器,以碳纳米管和活性碳纤维作为反应器的阳极.选取活性艳蓝X-BR模拟废水作为实验对象,计算电化学过程的传质系数,考察电压、pH值和电解质对活性艳蓝脱色的影响,在优化条件下(电压为8V,pH=2,电解质浓度为1g·l-1),对浓度为200mg·l-1活性艳蓝X-BR的脱色率可达90%以上.     

硝酸处理的碳纳米管吸附水溶液中汞离子的研究

碳纳米管是一种具有独特结构和优异性能的纳米材料。该文研究了硝酸处理的碳纳米管作为吸附剂吸附水溶液中的汞离子的吸附特性,考察了溶液pH值、吸附时间、溶液浓度以及吸附剂的量等因素对吸附行为的影响。实验结果表明:在pH值为2～5的范围内,碳纳米管对汞离子的吸附量随着pH值的增大而增大,并在pH为5时(对汞离子的吸附量)达到了最大值,在pH大于5时,pH值对吸附效果影响不大。碳纳米管吸附汞离子的量随着吸附时间的增加而增大,且在60min内达到了吸附平衡,当Hg2+浓度为20mg/L时吸附量为16.63mg/g。通过对Langmuir和Freundlich方程对吸附等温线的拟合比较,Langmuir方程更适合描述吸附特性。随着吸附剂量增加,吸附效率上升。研究结果表明,硝酸处理的碳纳米管是一种有效的水溶液中汞离子的吸附剂。     

单壁碳纳米管对小鼠肝和肾氧化损伤的诱导

为了评价单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)对生物体的毒性效应,以昆明小鼠为受试动物,采用腹腔注射的染毒方法,研究了SWCNTs和标准碳黑(CB)对其肝和肾组织氧化损伤的诱导.实验结果表明:与对照组相比,SWCNTs和CB暴露显著的降低了小鼠肝和肾中还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量、抑制了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力、诱导了脂质过氧化终产物丙二醛(MDA)的产生、提高了DNA.蛋白质交联率(DNA.protein crosslinks,DPC),但在最高浓度(O.08 mg·d-1)暴露下,SWCNTs暴露组的影响程度要高于标准碳黑组.说明了SWCNTs暴露可以抑制小鼠肝和肾组织抗氧化系统,从而导致了器官的氧化损伤.并且这种氧化损伤的诱导部分是由于SWCNTs的特殊结构和金属元素的参与.     

TX100悬浮的多壁纳米碳管在土壤中运移及其对菲迁移的影响

采用柱淋溶实验研究了TX100悬浮的多壁纳米碳管在土柱中的淋溶行为及其对菲在土壤中迁移的影响,并用胶体运移的一级动力学对流-弥散模型对纳米碳管在土柱中的迁移能力进行了估算.实验结果表明,在砂土和粉砂壤土中分别有83.5%和73.4%的多壁纳米碳管能够穿透土柱,模型估算的最远迁移距离均大于200cm,说明多壁纳米碳管有向...     

Synergistic removal of aniline by carbon nanotubes and the enzymes of Delftia sp. XYJ6

Synergistic removal of aniline by carbon nanotubes and the enzymes of Delftia sp. XYJ6, a newly isolated bacterial strain for biodegrading aniline, was investigated. It showed that biodegradation rate of aniline was increased with the augment of protein concentration in cell-free extract of Delftia sp. XYJ6. The adsorption amount of aniline by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was slightly higher than that by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), however the adsorption amount of protein of Delftia sp. XYJ6 by MWCNTs was lower than that by SWCNTs. Much more amount of aniline could be removed by CE of Delftia sp. XYJ6 in the presence of SWCNTs than MWCNTs, which indicated that an efficient reaction between aniline and enzymes of Delftia sp. XYJ6 on the surface of SWCNTs played a key role in the rapid enzymatic biodegradation of aniline. This study is not previously reported and may be useful in basic research and the removal of aniline from wastewater.     

碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定邻苯二酚的研究

文章借助循环伏安法(CV)研究了邻二苯酚(CAT)在碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(CNTs/GCE)表面的电催化氧化行为.试验结果表明:CNTs/GCE对邻二苯酚的氧化过程表现出良好的催化活性,其响应峰电流与裸GCE相比增加了10倍以上;在最佳响应条件下,在0.25～2.0 mmol/L的浓度范围内,邻苯二酚的催化氧化峰电流与...     

掺杂型二氧化钛纳米管光催化降解甲基橙研究

利用本实验室制备的N-F原子掺杂二氧化钛纳米管作催化剂,在可见光区对甲基橙(MO)进行光催化降解实验。在催化剂用量固定为3cm2时考察了不同初始浓度、pH值、溶解氧(DO)等对降解率的影响。结果表明,在可见光区该催化剂具有较高的光催化活性;当溶液DO为19.2mg/L、pH值为3、初始浓度为10mg/L、反应时间300min时,降解率可达82.3%。     

氧氟沙星在碳纳米管上的吸附机制研究

碳纳米管吸附氧氟沙星(OFL)是控制其在水体中归趋的一种有效方法.本研究讨论了多壁碳纳米管及其共混酸处理产物(MWCNTs和MWCNTs-O)对于氧氟沙星的吸附过程.考察了吸附动力学、吸附等温线、pH的影响和解吸过程.结果表明,吸附动力学曲线符合准二级动力学模型,OFL在MWCNTs-O上的平衡吸附量较大;Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型都能很好拟合吸附过程;pH在6.0~10.0时,平衡吸附量下降很快;解吸过程出现了解吸滞后现象,在MWCNTs-O上更为明显.吸附热力学分析表明OFL在碳纳米管上的吸附作用力为分子间作用力,MWCNTs-O上较多含氧官能团的引入为OFL分子的吸附提供了较多的吸附点,有利于OFL分子和碳纳米管之间形成相对作用力较强的氢键,该作用力主导了OFL在碳纳米管上的吸附,解释了试验现象.     

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B bymicrowave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized N-doped titanate nanotubes

Microwave-induced nitrogen-doped titanate nanotubes（NTNTs） were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, Zeta potential analysis,specific surface area（SBET）, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. TEM results indicate that NTNTs retain a tubular structure with a crystalline multiwall and have a length of several hundred nanometers after nitrogen doping. XRD findings demonstrate that the crystalline structure of NTNTs was dominated by anatase, which is favored for photocatalytic application. The Ti-O-N linkage observed in the XPS N 1s spectrum is mainly responsible for narrowing the band gap and eventually enhancing the visible light photoactivity. FT-IR results demonstrated the existence of H3O＋, which could be excited by photo-generated holes to form hydroxyl radicals and degrade environmental pollutants. After sintering at 350°C, the UV-Vis absorbance edges of NTNTs significantly shift to the visible-light region, which indicates N atom doping into the nanotubes. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B（RhB） via NTNTs show good efficiency, with pseudo first-order kinetic model rate constants of 3.7 × 10-3, 2.4 × 10-3and 8.0 × 10-4sec-1at pH 3, 7, and 11, respectively.