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71.
Bhanarkar AD Srivastava A Joseph AE Kumar R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,109(1-3):73-80
Air pollution in the workplace environment due to industrial operation have been found to cause serious occupational health
hazard. Similarly, heat stress is still most neglected occupational hazard in the tropical and subtropical countries like
India. The hot climate augments the heat exposure close to sources like furnaces. In this study an attempt is made to assess
air pollution and heat exposure levels to workers in the workplace environment in glass manufacturing unit located in the
State of Gujarat, India. Samples for workplace air quality were collected for SPM, SO2, NO2 and CO2 at eight locations. Results of workplace air quality showed 8-hourly average concentrations of SPM: 165–9118 μg/m3, SO2: 6–9 μg/m3 and NO2: 5–42 μg/m3, which were below the threshold limit values of workplace environment. The level of CO2 in workplace air of the plant was found to be in the range 827–2886 μg/m3, which was below TLV but much higher than the normal concentration for CO2 in the air (585 mg/m3). Indoor heat exposure was studied near the furnace and at various locations in an industrial complex for glass manufacturing.
The heat exposure parameters including the air temperature, the wet bulb temperature, and the globe parameters were measured.
The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), an indicator of heat, exceeded ACGIH TLVs limits most of the time at all the locations
in workplace areas. The recommended duration of work and rest have also been estimated. 相似文献
72.
Kimpo metropolitan landfill has received various kinds of wastessince January 1992. The leachate level was measured to be 10.3 m in May 1995 and the level increased to 12.2 m in August 1996. Therefore, to prove the reason for the increasing leachate level, we calibrated hydraulic conductivity of each waste andintermediate layer using the HELP (Hydrologic Evaluation ofLandfill Performance) model. The leachate generation data measured from February 1993 to October 1995 was used in the model calibration. As a result of a model calibration, we obtained anaverage infiltration ratio and used this in analysis of the total water balance to predict elevation of leachate level. Main causes of the elevation of the leachate level were the high water content of the waste and the degradation of the leachate-drainage system caused by the subsidence of a naturalbarrier layer. 相似文献
73.
Market samples (60) of six seasonal vegetables were monitoredduring 1996–1997 to determine the magnitude of pesticidalcontamination. The estimation of insecticide residuesrepresenting four major chemical groups i.e. organochlorine,organophosphorous, synthetic pyrethroid and carbamate, was doneby adopting a multiresidue analytical technique employingGC-ECD and GC-NPD systems with capillary columns. The testedsamples showed 100% contamination with low but measurableamounts of residues. Among the four chemical groups, theorganophosphates were dominant followed by organochlorines,synthetic pyrethroids and carbamates. About 23% of the samplesshowed contamination with organophosphorous compounds abovetheir respective MRL values. More extensive studies coveringdifferent regions of Haryana state are suggested to get a clearidea of the magnitude of vegetable contamination with pesticideresidues. 相似文献
74.
The article describes the use of Scots pine bark to identifynitrogen sources in eastern Germany, as well as background areas in Russia and Bulgaria, by using natural isotope ratios of total nitrogen (Nt) and individual N compoundssuch as ammonium (NH4
+), nitrate (NO3
-)and amid nitrogen (amide-N). The samples collected were analysed using an elemental analyser in connection with a gas isotope mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS). Natural 15N abundances in pine bark from impact areas suggest that the ammonium accumulated on the surface of the bark is releasedfrom livestock management. Bark of Scots pines growing near agricultural land had highly depleted 15Nt values (between –8 and –12), while bark from background areas (unpolluted areas) displayed slightly negative 15Nt values (mean 15Nt = –3.8). It is assumed that part of the N adsorbed on the bark surface is mainly derived from ammonia(mean 15Nt = –40.3) escaping from livestock housing and during the application of manure. This assumption is confirmed by experiments under controlled conditions in which manure samples were spread on soil. In addition, temporal and spatial variations of 15Nt abundances in pine bark from various locations in eastern Germany as wellas pine stands in Nature Park Dübener Heath are discussed. 相似文献
75.
用工业废水排放量预测地面水CODMn灰色方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
GPM(1)灰色生长曲线常被用于等距时序环境系统的分析建模、非等距摆动空间序列方面的应用尚未报道。本文研究提出了将非等距摆动空间序列经过等距化处理的GPM(1)线性回归优化建模方法采用该方法所建的非等距GPM(1)模型用于工业废水量预测地面水CODMn的实例表明,该方法简捷,方便、精度高于回归分析,有较大实用价值。 相似文献
76.
对色泽较深,含杂质量较高的废水加硅油I以抑制测定中蒸馏产生的泡沫.结果表明,在250ml水样中加硅油IO.10~1.25ml,即可收到理想效果.硅油I性质稳定,不随水蒸汽蒸出,对测定无干扰. 相似文献
77.
博斯腾湖富营养化状态水平调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过水质特征和生物学特征的一个水文年规范化实地调查,采用Scirgesew参数分类标准和相关加权综合营养状态指数,对博斯腾湖水体富营养化状态水平进行了调查和评价。 相似文献
78.
运用灰色系统理论,结合实例详细介绍了GM(1,1)模型在大气环境浓度预测中的应用。 相似文献
79.
对GAM水环境预测模型提出了四点不同看法,与有关作者商榷,指出GM(1,1)模型与GAM模型二者并无优劣之差,精度亦相当。 相似文献
80.
Nitrogen leaching is a world-wide concern for the quality of ground- and surfacewater. Measures to abate this is still limited by a lack of understanding mechanisms behind all factors describing the leaching process, time lags between countermeasures and improvement in waterquality and spatial distribution of nitrogen leaching. The purpose of this study was to do an initial test of the SOILNDB model system which is built on the existing mechanistic SOIL and SOILN models and an automatic parameterization procedure for use of simplified input data. The test was done by simulating nitrogen leaching from each of the 150 fields in a small catchment during a three-year study period. The simulated mean root-zone nitrogen leaching rate from all the fields in the catchment was compared to measurements of nitrogen flow in the stream draining the catchment and showed good agreement in between-year dynamics. 相似文献