福建省新农村建设之生活污水处理模式探究

针对福建省农村自然环境特征、污染现状以及经济、环境管理水平,总结了多种农村生活污水处理模式,并进行了简单的技术、经济分析,以期为福建省新农村建设之农村生活污水处理提供可资借鉴的经验。     

集多项新技术的高效节能电除尘器的研究和应用

在当今环保新标准即将出台的大背景下,综合应用各种新技术是电除尘器应对挑战的有效方法之一。本文介绍了一种采用新一代控制系统和机电一体化技术的高效节能型电除尘器,介绍了多项新技术包括新型电晕线、新型双区、新型结构、节能技术以及新型高频电源等,并介绍了它们的应用情况。这些研究和讨论有助于广大用户对电除尘器新技术的综合应用加深理解。     

崇明岛新围垦区不同土地利用条件下的土壤呼吸研究

土地利用方式是影响温室气体减排的关键因子之一。新围垦土地因其土壤本底均一、土地利用历史简单短暂,使得评价短期土地利用对温室气体排放的影响成为可能。为此,在崇明东滩湿地新围垦区选取了本底均匀、利用历史简单的几种土地利用类型（旱田、水旱轮作农田、人工林带）,研究其土壤呼吸的变化及其与土壤环境间的关系,以期评价其各自的固碳和温室气体减排潜力。研究表明,2009年整个春季,土壤呼吸速率强度的顺序为水旱轮作[（0.30±0.08）mol.m-2.d-1]〉旱田[（0.18±0.04）mol.m-2.d-1]〉林带[（0.09±0.01）mol.m-2.d-1];春季各月份,水旱轮作田土壤呼吸速率变化波动较大,旱田较平稳,4、5月份最先达到日最高值,人工林带最为平稳,且始终具有较低的呼吸强度;旱田土壤呼吸速率均不能简单用土壤5 cm处温度及湿度进行解释,林带与水旱轮作田土壤呼吸速率与土壤5 cm处温度显著相关（P〈0.05）;整个春季,林带土壤呼吸与5 cm处温度及湿度均显著相关,其中与温度极显著相关（P=0.01）,水旱轮作田与旱田的土壤呼吸速率与两者均不相关。     

新化工装置风险评价方法的研究

回顾了中国与欧美化工新装置风险评价技术的发展,分析了中国与欧美风险评价的异同、中国风险评价存在的问题。结合作者的实践,介绍与讨论了新化工装置设立安全评价阶段的风险评价方法,推荐和介绍了物理化学方法作为评价方法应用的实例。专家分析评议法、物理化学方法、评价软件模拟等评价方法的综合使用,尽可能地做到根据经验、专业知识从已建装置分析拟建装置、利用物化方法较系统地分析装置反应过程、利用评价软件直观地模拟风险,各种评价方法互补、定性与定量互补,从而较系统、完整地完成化工新装置的安全评价工作,以减少装置的安全隐患,有助于使装置顺利地投入运行。     

新常态下安全环保管理工作策略

阐述了新常态下如何积极主动做好安全、环保工作,要建立"以人为本、安全发展"的思想,严格按照职业健康、安全和环保"三同时"来开展工作。     

Who's greener? Comparing urban and suburban residents' environmental behaviour and concern

While various studies have compared metropolitan and rural residents' displays of environmentalism, recent shifts in the housing and energy markets make intra-metropolitan differences in urban and suburban attitudes and actions more interesting. The housing market crash and accompanying rise in fuel costs are prompting a return of centralisation to many communities and, it is believed, are drawing environmentally conscious residents downtown closer to work and play. Past research has found that this trend – demonstrated by a re-centralising housing market – was already underway, pre-crash, in Louisville, Kentucky over the “boom” period from 2000 to 2006. Drawing on original 2006 survey data for Louisville, this study regresses two components of environmentalism (behaviour and concern) on socio-demographics and residence. Findings show urbanites in Louisville are indeed significantly more environmentally friendly in their behaviour but not in their concern. Countering some claims, residents of single-family homes also exhibit significantly higher levels of environmental behaviour and concern than those residing in apartments and condominiums. Finally, in a surprise finding, recent movers from the suburbs to the city do not differ in their behaviour and are significantly less concerned about the environment than urbanites, suburbanites, and all metropolitan residents.     

加速试验在新型弹药可靠性研究上的应用

介绍了新型弹药和加速试验的相关理论,并分析了加速试验在新型弹药方面研究的国内外现状.对新型弹药全寿命周期各阶段进行了划分,概述了加速试验在不同阶段的应用状况.区分了加速寿命试验和加速退化试验两种类型,对加速试验数据的处理流程进行了阐述.分别对寿命分布模型、加速模型及参数估计三个内容进行了简要概括,指出了常见模型的种类、假设检验和参数估计的一般方法.最后指出了加速试验的现状及下一步的研究方向.     

河南省新型城镇化发展水平评价研究

为了综合测度新型城镇化发展水平,在分析新型城镇化内涵的基础上,运用熵值法构建了新型城镇化的三级评价指标体系,并采用2005-2012年数据对河南省新型城镇化综合发展程度、发展度、协调度和持续度进行了定量评价.结果表明,河南省新型城镇化发展态势良好,综合发展程度和发展度一直保持稳定的上升趋势;新型城镇化协调度总体上呈增长趋势,局部存在一定波动;持续度在研究期间内呈稳定态势.     

锦州市2015年二氧化硫新增量预测

根据《“十二五”主要污染物总量控制规划编制技术指南》提供的公式,预测社会经济发展主要参数,包括GDP、能源消费总量、煤炭消费量等指标。二氧化硫新增量预测以宏观测算方法为主,并按行业测算方法予以校核。宏观测算分为火电行业和非电力行业,结果为1.419万t;分行业预测分为石化、建材（水泥）、有色、冶金和其他行业,结果为1.774万t,两者预测偏差为25%,采用分行业预测结果作为2015年二氧化硫新增量预测。     

Two ways of defining sustainable mobility: Autolib’ and BeMobility

Abstract

European cities have emerged as laboratories for ‘sustainable mobility'. In the last few years, they have supported numerous electric car projects which combine clean engine technologies with offers on public or shared mobility. This paper compares two ongoing public electric car services in Berlin (BeMobility) and Paris (Autolib’). We explain how both projects shape future visions of sustainable mobility and transform regional transport systems in specific ways through their performative impact as local transport policy tools. Focusing on the socio-economic and political processes through which both projects were conceived and put into practice, we explain their differences as they reflect participating actors' interests in a French versus German industrial and transport policy context after the economic crisis in 2008. We find that whereas BeMobility integrates electric cars as one element in Berlin's intermodal transport system, and thus is centred around ‘intermodality' as the central vision of sustainable transport, Autolib’ in Paris essentially reproduces the dominant mode of private passenger car transport through adding a shared electric car fleet.