生态增益补偿问题探讨——对东西部生态补偿争议的思考

针对生态补偿增益层面理论研究相对薄弱及当前我国大规模生态工程建设中支付主体单一、资金不足的问题,本文分别从法学、经济学、东西部差异三个角度,通过理论与实例分析相结合的方式,论述了东部对西部实施生态补偿的必要性,提出了将区外受益政府和直接受益行业纳入补偿支付主体,生态增益层面不宜对全社会征收生态税,以及暂时不宜实行自我补偿的政策建议。     

镉在不同土壤和蔬菜中残留规律研究

研究了镉在不同类型土壤和蔬菜中的残留积累规律.结果表明,含镉污水灌溉是造成农田土壤镉污染主要原因之一.土壤中镉残留量随污水镉浓度增加而增高.土壤镉含量与蔬菜中镉含量呈显著正相关.供试土壤及蔬菜可食部分镉的累积顺序为:粘土>壤土;壤土蔬菜>粘土蔬菜,小白菜(叶)>萝卜(根)>莴苣(茎)>辣椒(果)>豇豆(豆).     

~（110m）Ag在鲤鱼体内的转移、积累与分布

为了探讨水中１１０ｍＡｇ在鲤鱼体内的行为，将鲤鱼喂养在１１０ｍＡｇ比活度为３．７×１０２Ｂｑ／Ｌ、３．７×１０３Ｂｑ／Ｌ、３．７×１０４Ｂｑ／Ｌ水中，于喂养后隔一定时间取样解剖，测各组织器官的放射性，结果表明，鲤鱼通过鳃和消化管将１１０ｍＡｇ很快吸收到体内，并随血液运输到全身各处，主要分布在软组织中。在相同喂养时间内，鱼体各组织器官１１０ｍＡｇ积累量随水中１１０ｍＡｇ比活度增加而增加。鳃、消化管、心脏、肌肉、骨骼等组织器官中１１０ｍＡｇ积累量随喂养时间呈单峰曲线变化；肝胰脏中１１０ｍＡｇ积累量随喂养时间则直线上升。它们对１１０ｍＡｇ的积累能力依次为：肝胰脏＞鳃＞消化管＞心脏＞肌肉＞骨骼。     

室内空气中的甲醛检测及控制

随着人们对居室装修要求的不断提高，人造板及油漆等在室内装修中已经广泛使用，随之而来的是由于装修引起的室内空气化学污染问题，室内空气中有害化学物质对人们身体健康的危害也越来越大，其中甲醛对人体的危害尤为严重。室内空气中甲醛的检测及控制已经得到各发达国家和国内的高度重视，对甲醛的检测和控制技术的改进也成为社会各界普遍关注的问题。     

华南引种优质牧草气候适应性的研究

本文对我国南方有发展前途的三种热带牧草和三种温带牧草所历时两年的分期播种试验进行了总结。试验研究表明,热带牧草与温带牧草的生长发育、产草量形成与气象条件关系密切。同时还对热带牧草越冬、温带牧草越夏的气象指标进行了鉴定。分别找到了热带牧草的霜冻指标、平流寒害指标以及温带牧草的热害指标。此外,还对华南引种优质热带牧草和温带牧草进行了气候适应性评价。合理布局问题亦进行了探讨。并提出华南地区建设人工草场宜牧林农结合,中小型为主的观点。     

Studies on catalytic reduction of nitrate in groundwater

Catalytic reduction of nitrate in groundwater by sodium formate over the catalyst was investigated. Pd-Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst was prepared by impregnation and characterized by brunauer-emmett-teller (BET), inductive coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). It was found that total nitrogen was effectively removed from the nitrate solution (100 mg/L) and the removal efficiency was 87%. The catalytic activity was affected by pH, catalyst amount used, concentration of sodium formate, and initial concentration of nitrate. As sodium formate was used as reductant, precise control in the initial pH was needed. Excessively high or low initial pH (7.0 or 3.0) reduced catalytic activity. At initial pH of 4.5, catalytic activity was enhanced by reducing the amount of catalyst, while concentrations of sodium formate increased with a considerable decrease in N₂ selectivity. In which case, catalytic reduction followed the first order kinetics. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(4): 567–571 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

沈阳市执行总量收费新标准排污收费工作发展趋势研究

对沈阳市目前排污收费工作存在的问题进行了简要阐述，揭示现行收费标准存在的问题．通过对不同行业不同规模的企业实施新的收费标准的情况进行分析，给出定性及定量的结论．并预测了沈阳市实行国家环保总局的总量排污收费新标准的排污收费工作的发展趋势．     

矿区土地合理开发与利用研究

本文分析了矿区土地利用的特点，提出矿区土地合理开发与利用的原则，并对合理开发利用矿区土地的途径及其保障体系进行了研究。     

Simultaneous denitrifying phosphorus accumulation in a sequencing batch reactor

In order to achieve simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the biological treatment process, denitrifying phosphorus accumulation (DNPA) and its affecting factors were studied in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with synthetic wastewater. The results showed that when acetate was used as the sole carbon resource in the influent, the sludge acclimatized under anaerobic/aerobic operation had good phosphorus removal ability. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulation was observed soon when fed with nitrate instead of aeration following the anaerobic stage, which is a vital premise to DNPA. If DNPA sludge is fed with nitrate prior to the anaerobic stage, the DNPA would weaken or even disappear. At the high concentration of nitrate fed in the anoxic stage, the longer anoxic time needed, the better the DNPA was. Induced DNPA did not disappear even though an aerobic stage followed the anoxic stage, but the shorter the aerobic stage lasted, the higher the proportions of phosphorus removal via DNPA to total removal. Translated from Environmental Science, 2004, 25(6): 92–96 [译自: 环境科学]     

四种南京地产栽培野菜蛋白质营养价值的评价研究

4种传统野菜已在南京地区规模栽培利用。采用模糊识别法和氨基酸比值系数法,分别以鸡蛋蛋白质为标准蛋白 ,以WHO/FAO氨基酸参考模式为评价标准 ,对这4种野菜蛋白质营养价值进行了评价 ,并与6种常见蔬菜蛋白进行对照比较。结果表明 ,4种野菜蛋白质含量为2.3 %～5.0 % ,蛋白质中氨基酸种类齐全 ,其含量为77.73 %～89.36 % ,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸量的36.72 %～42.04 % ,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸 (Met +Cys)。其蛋白质营养价值分别优于同科的一些常见蔬菜。