环己烷氧化废碱液的回收利用

介绍了一种从环己烷氧化废碱液中回收高价值有机酸的新方法。用氢氧化钠碱熔处理废碱液中的羟基己酸及其聚合物，可使废碱液中己二酸的质量分数由3．18％提高到8．74％，且环境效益和经济效益显著。     

Effect of Cross-Linking Waste Protein with Dialdehydes on Its Biodegradation Under Anaerobic Conditions

Most native polymers used in processing and application technologies are admittedly disposable from the environment in a biologic manner, but products possess low mechanical strength. One of the paths to increasing this attribute (if feasible) is their cross-linking, which may, however, affect their readiness to biodegradation. In the presented work this condition was observed on the example of waste protein (Hykol B) cross-linking by means of glutardialdehyde and glyoxal. Degree and course of cross-linking were determined through impedance spectroscopy. The objective of this work also was to obtain data for constructing a sensor capable of following the cross-linking course in real time, for potential industrial application of Hykol in continuous production. Impedance spectroscopy proved to be applicable even to this kind of material marked by considerable water content and exhibiting relatively high electric conductivity; so far it had been used only for materials of low conductivity. An aqueous environment inoculated with digested anaerobic sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was selected for modeling anaerobic conditions. The relation was studied between cross-linking degree given by content of cross-linking agent (determined by impedance spectroscopy) and biodegradation degree under anaerobic conditions. It was confirmed that network density as given by quantity of added agent not only reduced breakdown degree but also slowed the course of the process. This fact is particularly obvious with cross-linking by means of glyoxal; network density is thus dependent on type of employed substance, which affect type and structure of created network. That not merely forms an obstacle during polymer swelling and dissolution but also prevents access of bacteria to source of metabolized organic carbon.     

Ⅱ824-2综放工作面瓦斯综合治理试验研究

通过对淮北芦岭矿Ⅱ824-2综放工作面瓦斯综合治理的试验研究,摸索出了高瓦斯综放工作面瓦斯治理的有效方法,取得了较好的瓦斯抽放和通风排放效果.     

超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系处理含酚废水研究

在实验装置上对超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系联合处理含酚废水进行了实验研究。主要考察了废水初始pH值、初始双氧水浓度、超声功率、反应时间等因素对酚去除率的影响。实验结果表明：超声辐射可以在双氧水和亚铁离子体系氧化过程中起加速反应的作用，而且随着超声功率的增大，加速反应的能力增强；实验条件下废水初始pH值为4～6．8，初始双氧水浓度为140mg／L时酚去除效果最佳；超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系处理含酚废水过程中苯酚的降解规律符合表现一级反应。     

尿中氚水和总氚的分析测定

用蒸馏-液闪法和氧化蒸馏-液闪法分别测量了氚污染人员尿中的氚水浓度和总氚(氚水和有机氚)浓度。根据72个高于本底水平的尿中氚水和总氚浓度分析比较，认为在氚内污染工作人员的尿中，有机氚与氚水的浓度比值为(5.4 3.7)％。     

Environmental assessment of supercritical water oxidation of sewage sludge

Environmental aspects of using supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) to treat sewage sludge were studied using a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The system studied is the first commercial scale SCWO plant for sewage sludge in the world, treating sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment facility in Harlingen, TX, USA. The environmental impacts were evaluated using three specific environmental attributes: global warming potential (GWP), photo-oxidant creation potential (POCP) and resource depletion; as well as two single point indicators: EPS2000 and EcoIndicator99. The LCA results show that for the described process, gas-fired preheating of the sludge is the major contributor to environmental impacts, and emissions from generating electricity for pumping and for oxygen production are also important. Overall, SCWO processing of undigested sewage sludge is an environmentally attractive technology, particularly when heat is recovered from the process. Energy-conserving measures and recovery of excess oxygen from the SCWO process should be considered for improving the sustainability potential.     

CHEMISTRY OF COALBED METHANE DISCHARGE WATER INTERACTING WITH SEMI‐ARID EPHEMERAL STREAM CHANNELS1

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to examine the chemistry of Coalbed Methane (CBM) discharge water reacting with semi‐arid ephemeral stream channels in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. The study area consisted of two ephemeral streams: Burger Draw and Sue Draw. These streams are tributaries to the perennial Powder River. Samples were collected bimonthly from three CBM discharge points and seven channel locations in Burger Draw and Sue Draw. Samples were also collected bimonthly from the Powder River above and below the confluence of Burger Draw. Before sample collection, the pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in the field. Samples were transported to the laboratory and analyzed for alkalinity, major cations, and anions. From the measurement of sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg), practical sodium adsorption ratio (SARp) and true sodium adsorption ratio (SARt) were calculated. Results suggest pH and EC of CBM discharge water was 7.1 and 4.3 dS/m, respectively. The CBM discharge water consisted of higher concentrations of sodium and alkalinity compared to other components. The pH of CBM discharge water increased significantly (p = 0.000) in the downstream channel of Burger Draw from 7.1 to 8.84 before it joined with the Powder River. Dissolved calcium concentration of CBM discharge water decreased significantly (p = 0.000) in the downstream channel water. Subsequently, SARp increased approximately from 24 to 29. The SARt also increased significantly (p = 0.001) in the downstream channel water. For instance, SARt of CBM discharge water increased from 32.93 to 45.5 downstream channels after the confluence of Sue Draw with the Burger Draw. The only significant difference in water chemistry above and below the confluence of Burger Draw with the Powder River was pH, which increased from 8.36 to 8.52. The significant increase in SAR values of CBM discharge water in Burger Draw and Sue Draw tributaries suggest a careful monitoring of salinity and sodicity is needed if CBM discharge water is used for irrigation in semi‐arid environments. Results discussed in this study will be useful to downstream water users who depend on water for irrigation.     

利用微生物技术治理煤矿瓦斯的研究展望

目前,我国的煤矿瓦斯防治技术主要为通风、抽放等物理方法,该类方法仍不能完全满足防治煤矿瓦斯灾害的安全要求。笔者提出一种治理煤矿瓦斯的新思路,采用一种新的控制方法,试图通过生物技术使瓦斯涌出量减少,防治煤矿瓦斯灾害。为此,对应用微生物技术治理煤矿瓦斯的可行性进行了分析,简单介绍了甲烷氧化菌的氧化机理及其在其他领域的应用,并通过初步试验对甲烷氧化菌降解煤样瓦斯的效果进行了测定,从而对其有了感性的认识,在已有的对甲烷氧化菌的研究和初步试验的基础上,对应用甲烷氧化菌解决煤矿瓦斯危害进行了展望。     

亚甲蓝湿式氧化影响因素研究

以湿式氧化技术对亚甲蓝水溶液进行处理,用水样COD去除率评价处理效果.考察了反应时间、温度、氧分压、搅拌速度、进水pH值以及进水浓度对处理效果的影响,并进行机理分析.实验确定的最佳操作工艺条件为:反应温度210℃、氧分压2.0 MPa、搅拌速度880 r/min、进水pH=11.30.在此条件下,COD为2 000mg/L的亚甲蓝水溶液,反应90min时COD去除率达93.2%.     

水解-接触氧化工艺处理针织染整废水

介绍了采用水解-接触氧化工艺处理针织染整废水,工程运行结果表明：CODcr和色度的去除率分别达到91.3%、88%,最终排放污水达到国家污水Ⅰ级标准.该工艺具有处理效果好、经济、运行稳定等特点,在染整废水处理中具有实用性.