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71.
A novel material, aminopropyl-functionalized manganese-loaded SBA-15 (NH2-Mn-SBA-15), was synthesized by bonding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) onto manganese-loaded SBA-15 (Mn-SBA-15) and used as a Cu2 + adsorbent in aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the NH2-Mn-SBA-15. The ordered mesoporous structure of SBA-15 was remained after modification. The manganese oxides were mainly loaded on the internal surface of the pore channels while the aminopropyl groups were mainly anchored on the external surface of SBA-15. The adsorption of Cu2 + on NH2-Mn-SBA-15 was fitted well by the Langmuir equation and the maximum adsorption capacity of NH2-Mn-SBA-15 for Cu2 + was over two times higher than that of Mn-SBA-15 under the same conditions. The Elovich equation gave a good fit for the adsorption process of Cu2 + by NH2-Mn-SBA-15 and Mn-SBA-15. Both the loaded manganese oxides and the anchored aminopropyl groups were found to contribute to the uptake of Cu2 +. The NH2-Mn-SBA-15 showed high selectivity for copper ions. Consecutive adsorption–desorption experiments showed that the NH2-Mn-SBA-15 could be regenerated by acid treatment without altering its properties. 相似文献
72.
73.
Williams AF 《Journal of Safety Research》2006,37(2):123-138
INTRODUCTION: Progress in dealing with the alcohol-impaired driving problem in the United States during the past 25 years is addressed. METHODS: Trends in various measures of the problem were tracked and a thorough review of the relevant literature conducted. RESULTS: In the 1980s and continuing into the early 1990s, major decreases occurred in alcohol-impaired driving and its consequences. The contribution of alcohol to fatal crashes dropped by 35-40% during this period. Two primary reasons for the decline appear to be the emergence of citizen activist groups that mobilized public support and attention to the problem, and the proliferation of effective laws. Since about 1995 the alcohol-impaired driving problem has stabilized at a reduced but still quite high level. CONCLUSIONS: Highway safety organizations and citizen activist groups have continued to highlight the problem, but its status as a social issue has diminished. We basically know what the primary target groups are, and we know measures that would work to reduce the problem if implemented more fully. We know that political leadership, state task forces, and media advocacy are important ingredients in addressing the problem. It is likely that a resurgence in citizen activism will be necessary to foster these elements and refocus the nation on the unfinished battle against alcohol-impaired driving. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: Alcohol-impaired driving is still a major problem that needs continuing attention. 相似文献
74.
改性半焦烟气脱硫的机理研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文对海拉尔褐煤半焦及其水蒸气活化和高温氧化改性后的烟气脱硫性能进行了研究。 相似文献
75.
Kathleen M. Beatty Harvey Doerksen John C. Pierce 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1978,14(2):394-403
ABSTRACT: The traditional strong role of interest groups in water resources policy making has been modified recently by the introduction of many environmental groups. The new groups differ from traditional groups in their relatively modest resources and their relative lack of access to traditional decision points. This paper examines the extent to which the new groups differ in their perceptions of the effectiveness of tactics and in their use of tactics, taking into account group resources and group access to decision makers. 相似文献
76.
Madge O. Ertet 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1979,15(6):1515-1523
ABSTRACT: This paper presents the significant conclusions of research conducted over a four-year period, the purpose of which was to analyze the operation of three citizen advisory groups established in conjunction with Level B Studies of the New England River Basins Commission. The three Studies were the Long Island Sound Study, the Southeastern New England Study, and the Supplemental Flood Management Study of the Connecticut River Basin Program. The research examined the criteria and procedures used for selection of members, the relevant personal characteristics of the members, the procedures employed for carrying out their responsibilities, and the relative importance of group functions as perceived by both citizen advisors and professional study participants. The impact of these factors upon the effectiveness of citizen advisory groups as a strategy of public participation is evaluated. The paper includes recommendations, derived from the research, for the use of planning agencies seeking to maximize the effectiveness of citizen advisory groups. 相似文献
77.
The separate collection of waste, and especially of recyclables with specific collection systems, would not be possible without
the involvement of the users. Apart from the physical installations such as collection containers, collection points, etc.,
the motivation of the users is an essential component. Motivation can be reinforced through public relations work. In addition
to the underlying technical considerations, this paper describes the difference between communication in general and public
relations and specifically examines public involvement in recycling. Through the use of examples, we look at the targeted
users and typical media employed. Furthermore, we analyzes the development of public involvement. The examples show that public
relations for recycling strategies relies to a great extent on attitudes, habits, and access to the target group. Thus, standardized
procedures cannot be developed. For these reasons, public relation activities must be planned carefully and professionally
and include an analysis of the target group, choice of media, and verification of success. 相似文献
78.
根据对班组安全文化的调查,分析了班组安全文化建设的内容,进行了班组安全文化建设的尝试,收到良好效果。 相似文献
79.
Akhter U. Ahmed Rajan K. Sampath 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(5):1057-1063
ABSTRACT: This paper investigates and estimates the welfare loss due to monopoly in tubewell irrigation water market in Bangladesh. In this context, an attempt has been made to evaluate the efficacy of the landless irrigation groups. Using cross-sectional data and regression analysis, cost and demand functions for irrigation water are estimated. The study demonstrates the relatively superior performance of the landless groups in terms of economic efficiency in shallow tubewell irrigation operation, in comparison to irrigation operation by the landowners. 相似文献
80.
C. Schlumpf J. Behringer G. Dürrenberger C. Pahl-Wostl 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》1999,4(1):1-12
Participatory Integrated Assessment (PIA) is an approach which aims at developing methods which allow to combine evaluations
of experts and lay people in the field of Integrated Assessment. Thus, policy recommendations derived from PIA exercises are
informed by scientific judgments and by valuations of “non-scientists”. For any PIA methodology the provision of insights,
facts and figures about the policy problem at hand is crucial.
In this paper we describe a PIA methodology which combines the social science research instrument “focus group” with a specific
computer information tool, the “Personal CO2 Calculator” (PCC). The tool supports citizens in discussing and recommending measures on climate change policy. Based on
our experiences, we plead for information instruments that are tuned to and assist concrete target groups with their specific
interests. This helps that policy recommendations derived from PIA exercises are based on both scientific knowledge as well
as citizens' and stakeholders' policy preferences.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献