La_(2-x)Sr_xCuO_(4±λ)系列催化剂的合成、表征及NO分解催化性能的研究

合成了x值不同的 La_2.x_Sr_xCuO_(4±λ)(x=0.0—1.0)系列复合氧化物催化剂.用XRD、IR,XPS和化学分析等方法对催化剂的组成、结构进行了表征,并对NO分解的催化性能和作用机理进行了研究.结果表明:在x=0.0—1.0范围内.所有样品都具有A_2BO_4结构.发现NO分解活性与氧空位(缺陷)的浓度有关,与不同价态的Cu离子含量之间无直接关系.     

Variations in the chemical properties of landfill leachate

Landfill leachates were collected and their chemical properties analyzed once every two months over a ten-month period from the Gin Drinkers' Bay (GDB) and Junk Bay (JB) landfills. The contents of solids, and inorganic and organic components fluctuated considerably with time. In general, the chemical properties of the two leachates correlated negatively (P<0.05) with the amounts of rainfall prior to the sampling periods. However, magnesium and pH of the leachates remained relatively constant with respect to sampling time. The JB leachate contained higher average contents of solids and inorganic and organic matter than those of GDB with the exception of trace metals. Trace metals were present in the two leachates in trace quantities (<1.0 mg/liter). The concentrations of average ammoniacal nitrogen were 1040 and 549 mg/liter, while chemical oxygen demand (COD) values were 767 and 695 mg/liter for JB and GDB leachates, respectively. These results suggest that the leachates need further treatment before they can be discharged to the coastal waters.     

基于GIS的汉江中下游农业面源氮磷负荷研究

根据汉江中下游农业面源污染治理决策的需求，在大量实地观测资料区域地理与农业环境数据基础上，开发并建立了汉江中下游农业面源动态监测信息系统。以此为技术支持，运用数学模型及其与GIS相结合的技术，研究了汉江中下游农业面源污染的负荷及分布规律。     

城市污泥有机氮矿化动态及其影响因素的研究

采用好气培养间歇淋洗法研究了厌气消化脱水污泥的有机氮矿化动态．在污泥用量为３％—２４％范围内，污泥有机氮１４周矿化率可达３１％—６５％，前６周矿化相对较快，随后减慢，其矿化动态可用经典一级动力学方程来描述．污泥用量小于６％时，随污泥用量增加，有机氮矿化率明显减小；污泥用量在６％—２４％时，污泥用量对有机氮矿化率的影响较小，但温度对有机氮矿化率影响相当明显．     

被动扩散技术在环境空气监测中的应用

被动扩散监测技术以其成本低、布点灵活、操作简单，易于掌握等特点在世界各地广泛应用于环境空气质量监测。辽宁省环保局通过欧盟项目引入，盘锦市试点表明SO2和NO2各月变化趋势和各功能区监测结果与我市自动站监测结果相一致。可以弥补自动监测点位不足和开展大范围多点位监测。     

长江三角洲氮收支的估算及其环境影响

根据2002年基本统计数据和相关参数,对长江三角洲经济区氮的收支及人为扰乱了的氮循环对环境的影响进行了估算与分析.结果表明,2002年长江三角洲经济区输入的氮量达2.94 Yg·a-1(1Tg=1012g),单位国土面积接收的氮量(291 kg·hm-2·a-1)4.5倍于全国平均水平,陆地氮通量(224 kg·hm-2·a-1)不仅高于全国和长江流域,也远远高于北大西洋沿岸的欧美国家.大部分输入氮源与农业有关.2002年该经济区支出氮量1.66～1.95 Tg·a-1,盈余氮0.99～1.28 Tg·a-1.可以预测,长江三角洲经济区将面临氮过量引发的严重环境问题.     

Excavation and characterization of refuse in closed landfill

Refuse in landfills becomes stabilized as organic matter in refuse degrades and soluble inorganic substances dissolve during their longterm stabilization process.In this paper,this process is also referred to as mineralization process and the resultant stabilized refuse referred to as aged refuse.Aged refuse contains a wide spectrum and huge quantity of microorganisms with strong decomposition capability for refractory organic matter present in some wastewater such as leachate.In this study,aged refuse excavated from 2 to 10 years old closed landfill compartments in Shanghai Refuse Landfill is characterized in terms of particulate distribution by screening,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,biodegradable matter.The approaches for redevelopment of both land and aged refuse in the stabilized landfills are proposed.     

连续流间歇曝气工艺的氮磷脱除功能研究

连续流间歇曝气工艺是在对传统活性污泥法的改造中发展起来的一种工艺。本文针对该工艺的氮磷脱除功能进行了小试研究 ,由试验结果可看出 ,连续流间歇曝气工艺简便易行 ,去除有机物及氨氮的效果稳定 ,在碳源满足脱氮除磷要求的条件下 ,可达到良好的氮磷脱除效果     

土壤氮素及其环境效应

本文概述了土壤中含氮化合物的排放源、通量及其对环境的主要影响 ,并就这些氮素污染物与土壤理化因子和氮肥施用量之间的关系进行了简要的分析