微生物絮凝剂对膨润土悬液的絮凝效果试验

从活性污泥中筛选到20株絮凝剂产生菌，经复筛得到一株高效絮凝剂产生菌MBFⅡ－3，以膨润土悬液为絮凝对象，研究了MBFⅡ－3投加量、温度和pH对絮凝活性的影响；用MBFⅡ－3培养液对生活污水、汾河水等进行了絮凝实验，结果表明，浊度去除率均在90％以上。     

大庆30万吨乙烯工程废水的特点及对策

通过对实验数据的分析、总结出大庆３０万ｔ乙烯工程废水具有有机污染物成分复杂、浓度高、波动大，可生化性强等特点，并进一步阐明在多年的生产实践中总结出的稳定并提高污水处理场运行效果的对策。稳定曝气池进水水质、均衡曝气池ＢＯＤ污泥负荷，保持并提高污泥活性。     

Prenatal diagnosis of Pompe's disease (type ii glycogenosis) in chorionic villus biopsy using maltose as a substrate

Uncultured trophoblasts obtained from chorionic villus biopsy during the gestation period of 8–12 weeks were assayed for alpha-glucosidase activity using maltose as the substrate. Only one major form of maltase activity with a pH optimum at 4.0 was demonstrated. Using this method, we performed prenatal diagnosis on three pregnancies at risk for the infantile form of type II glycogen storage disease. Two affected fetuses and one unaffected fetus were predicted and the diagnosis was subsequently confirmed. The maltose assay offered a direct, simple, and sensitive method for prenatal diagnosis of Pompe's disease in the first trimester.     

Underestimated contribution of fugitive emission to VOCs in pharmaceutical industry based on pollution characteristics, odorous activity and health risk assessment

Fugitive emission has been becoming an important source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in pharmaceutical industry, but the exact contribution of fugitive emission remains incompletely understood. In present study, pollution characteristics, odorous activity and health risk of stack and fugitive emissions of VOCs from four functional units (e.g., workshop, sewage treatment station, raw material storage and hazardous waste storage) of three representative pharmaceutical factories were investigated. Workshop was the dominant contributor to VOCs of fugitive emission in comparison with other functional units. Extreme high concentration of VOCs from fugitive emission in unsealed workshop (94.87 mg/m³) was observed relative to sealed one (1.18 mg/m³), accounting for 31% and 5% of total VOCs, respectively. Fugitive emission of VOCs in the unsealed workshop mainly consisted of n-hexane, 1-hexene and dichloromethane. Odorous activity indexes and non-cancer hazard ratios of these VOCs from fugitive emission in the unsealed workshop were as high as that from stack exhaust. Furthermore, cancer risk of dichloromethane from fugitive emission and stack exhaust was up to (1.6-1.8) × 10⁻⁵. Odorous activity or health risk index of the VOCs from fugitive emission was up to 13 or 11 times of the corresponding threshold value, posing remarkable health threat on pharmaceutical workers. Our findings highlighted the possibly underestimated contribution of fugitive emission on VOCs in the pharmaceutical industry.     

重组酵母测评系统对环境样品雌激素活性的检测

采用重组酵母测评系统对香烟烟雾溶液和汽车尾气提取物分别进行雌激素活性的测定.结果显示在受试浓度下,PBS烟雾溶液和DMSO烟雾溶液的β-半乳糖苷酶活性与溶剂对照相比均无显著性差异(P>0·05).汽油燃料车尾气在600mL·mL-1时,其酵母菌液OD600明显低于DMSO对照组(P<0·05);在150mL·mL-1剂量时,汽油燃料车尾气所检出的β-半乳糖苷酶活性为44·56,与DMSO对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0·05),当剂量增加至300mL·mL-1,酶活性升高为66·43,约为对照组的12倍,其它各剂量组酶活性与DMSO对照组相比无显著性差异(P>0·05);甲醇燃料车尾气的β-半乳糖苷酶活性与溶剂对照相比无显著性差异(P>0·05).提示汽油燃料车尾气具有弱雌激素活性,甲醇燃料车尾气和香烟烟雾溶液未检出雌激素活性.     

利用乙酰胆碱酯酶传感器监测海水久效磷

用戊二醛(GA)将乙酰胆碱醇酶(ACHE)交联在透析膜上,并与pH电极结合,由此开发出一种基于固定化酶的电位型传感器。该酶电极可以快速、灵敏地测定海水中的久效磷。仪器对海水中10^-10～10^-7的久效磷农药具有极好的线性响应,检测下限为0．1μg／L,加标回收率在90％～103％之间,分析1个海水样品只需50min。     

月相调制比在华东及安徽地区的研究与应用

对华东地区1970年以来5级以上地震的月相效应进行了分析,表明该区地震活动具有明显的月相效应;分别对华东、安徽地区1970年以来4.5级和4级以上地震的月相调制比进行分析研究,认为华东MS5.5级、安徽MS5.5级以上地震活动受月相调制作用显著,分别提出了华东地区MS≥5.5级及安徽地区MS≥5.0级地震发生前月相调制比的定量预测指标,它对这两个区域大震的发生具有中、短期预测意义.     

砷和铅对土壤酶活性的影响

研究了浙江省绍兴银山铅锌矿周围农田的污染情况及其对土壤酶活性的影响。该污染区域内主要的污染元素为砷和铅,其含量与区内土壤脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、转化酶、脲酶和磷酸酶呈显著的复相关关系,其中砷的影响是主要的。土壤脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶和转化酶活性的变化能够反映供试土壤类型受砷和铅复合污染的程度。     

微生物细胞絮凝物的分离筛选

本文阐述了我实验室开展的絮凝性微生物研究工作。此项研究得到絮凝性菌株3株，给出絮凝活性与生长量的关系，初步建立了适合我地区的絮凝性细菌的筛选方法。     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液灌溉对土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响

用粘土和壤土为材料，研究垃圾填埋场渗滤液灌溉对土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响，结果表明：经1年的渗滤液浇灌后，土壤中的各种营养元素与对照相比表现出明显的积效应；渗滤液浇灌后的土壤微生物生物量均以用50％的渗滤涂稀释液浇灌处理为最高，种植植物（狗牙根）能促进土壤微生物的活性，从而提高微生物生物量；酶活性变化与此相似，但粘土经渗滤液浇灌后酶活性增强增大，除了原液烧灌处理的过氧化物酶活性在α=0.05水平下与对照差异显著；其他酶活性均在α=0.01水平下与对照差异显著，壤土除了多酚氧化酶活性在α=0.01水平下与对照差异显著，其他大多在α=0.05水平下表现出与对照的差异。