全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2121篇 |
免费 | 165篇 |
国内免费 | 1031篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 42篇 |
废物处理 | 64篇 |
环保管理 | 180篇 |
综合类 | 1552篇 |
基础理论 | 663篇 |
污染及防治 | 440篇 |
评价与监测 | 282篇 |
社会与环境 | 94篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 23篇 |
2023年 | 93篇 |
2022年 | 105篇 |
2021年 | 111篇 |
2020年 | 99篇 |
2019年 | 99篇 |
2018年 | 109篇 |
2017年 | 108篇 |
2016年 | 114篇 |
2015年 | 156篇 |
2014年 | 159篇 |
2013年 | 353篇 |
2012年 | 164篇 |
2011年 | 173篇 |
2010年 | 148篇 |
2009年 | 143篇 |
2008年 | 175篇 |
2007年 | 176篇 |
2006年 | 169篇 |
2005年 | 104篇 |
2004年 | 80篇 |
2003年 | 92篇 |
2002年 | 67篇 |
2001年 | 64篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 26篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3317条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
831.
颗粒态重金属通过河流与大气向海洋输送 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
本文综述了河流与大气向海洋输送颗态重金属的过程、特点及输送通量、参考文献83篇。 相似文献
832.
Thermodynamic analysis of the role of chlorine and sulfur environments during combustion and incineration processes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Iddi S.N. Mkilaha Hong Yao Ichiro Naruse 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2002,4(2):143-149
In order to control the emission of trace metals from combustion and incineration systems, sorbents and filters are sometimes
used. However, the effectiveness of these methods is greatly affected by the volatility of the metals and the way in which
they speciate during combustion, and afterwards during condensation, and physical or chemical sorption. Although there has
been a lot of research into the mechanisms by which trace metals speciate and subsequently appear in submicron particles,
the details of these mechanisms are not yet thoroughly understood. In this study, a chemical equilibrium approach was used
to qualitatively determine the speciation of lead, cadmium, and chromium in Cl and S environments. The reaction conditions
of sorbents were also tested numerically in order to understand the reaction behavior of metals with sorbents. This article
reports the influence of different concentrations of Cl and SO2 on Pb, Cd, and Cr speciation, as representatives of other trace elements. The partitioning behavior of metals during combustion
was also examined for Cl and S. The results obtained indicate that most metals exist in the vapor phase, even at low temperatures,
when chlorine is present. However, the addition of SO2 enhances the formation of the condensed phase, except at extremely high temperatures. This observation was not significant
for Cd or Cr. The higher the concentration of Cl the higher the retention of trace metals in the vapor phase, even at low
temperatures. Results from comparisons of the reactivities of mixed metals with Cl indicate that the presence of Fe limits
the reactivity of most trace metals with Cl except at higher concentrations. In the presence of Fe, alkali metals are the
first to react with Cl. If Fe is not present, most trace metals react with Cl, and the activity increases with higher concentrations.
On the other hand, the partitioning characteristics of S show that its presence generally means that metals remain in the
condensed phase. Sulfur is more reactive with alkali metals than with other trace metals.
Received: June 6, 2001 / Accepted: April 30, 2002 相似文献
833.
Uta Krogmann Hai‐Ning C. Chiang 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(3):681-691
ABSTRACT: In order to determine appropriate application rates and to ensure low pollutant levels in sewage sludge, knowing the chemical composition of sewage sludge is of great importance in a land application program. The objective of this study is to evaluate the variability of selected chemical characteristics of sewage sludge from New Jersey publicly owned treatment works (POTWs). Measurements of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH4+‐N, P, K+, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn reported by 98 facilities in the 1996 and 1997 New Jersey Sludge Quality Assurance Regulations (SQAR) reports were statistically analyzed. Sewage sludge from Category 5 POTWs (greater than 10 percent industrial input) showed higher Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations than Category 3 and Category 4 facilities (less than 10 percent industrial input). Even though only two years of data were analyzed, there was an indication that Cd and Pb concentrations in sewage sludge are decreasing with time. The yearly mean of only a few facilities exceeded the federal pollution concentration limits (40 CFR Part 503, Table 3). Phosphorus and Cd values showed the highest variability within facilities based on the coefficient of variation. Due to the variability of sewage sludge constituents, the use of the yearly rolling mean of nutrient concentrations to determine application rates was considered inadequate. An actual analysis of the sewage sludge to be applied is more appropriate to determine application rates than historical data. 相似文献
834.
Pollution characteristics of the recent sediments in the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal, China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Spatial distribution of heavy metals, arsenic and organic matter in recent sediments in the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal and their relationships were analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals and organic matters varied widely along the canal, and the average geological accumulation factors decreased in the following orders: organic carbon(2.6), zinc(2.1 ), cadmium(2.0), copper( 1.5), lead(1.1), nitrogen(0.9), mercury (0.8), phosphorus(0.4), arsenic(0.2) and chromium(0). Content of heavy metals and organic carbon in the top 10 cm layer were lower than that of lower layers, except for mercury and organic carbon in the S9 section. Contents of organic carbon in the top 50 cm layer of the mud sediments are significantly higher than those undemeath. In the bottom mud layer, there is a concentration peak of the pollutants. In the mud sediments of the canal, cadmium mainly occurred in the Fe and Mn oxide fraction, copper in the organic fraction, lead in the Fe and Mn oxide fraction, and zinc in the carbonate and the Fe and Mn oxide fraction. 相似文献
835.
污泥土地利用对土壤中重金属形态的影响 总被引:32,自引:2,他引:32
土地利用是资源化利用城市污水厂污泥的有效途径,随污泥中的营养成分一起进入土壤中的还有其中的重金属元素,它们有可能成为一种环境安全的隐患。本实验所用的土壤为污泥经过无害化及稳定化处理后,与上海潮滩沙土按不同比例(干污泥质量比)混配而成。种植前后分别对沙土、污泥及混配土的重金属含量及形态进行测试。选择几种花卉植物,如菊花(Calendula officinalis)等进行植物种植试验,一个生长季后对植物中的重金属含量及形态进行测试。应用Tessler连续提取法,对污泥中的重金属进入土壤后,土壤中重金属的含量、赋存状态等方面的规律进行研究,发现污泥的土地利用会明显增加土壤中的重金属含量,而且重金属的形态也有明显的变化,可交换态和碳酸盐结合态的重金属含量有明显的增加;如长期使用,则必须采取相应的措施,以消除有害的影响。 相似文献
836.
重金属元素BCR提取法及在太湖沉积物研究中的应用 总被引:39,自引:2,他引:39
采用BCR提取法,HCl-HNO3-HF消化法和ICP-AES仪器测定了西太湖沉积岩芯中Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni,Pb和Zn 6种重金属元素不同形态的质量分数.结果表明:采用BCR方法对太湖沉积物重金属元素形态进行提取,提取结果具有较高的精度和稳定性;受元素地球化学性质及沉积物理化性质的影响,Cu,Fe,Ni和Zn以残渣态为主;Mn以可交换态及碳酸盐结合态为主;Pb的有机物及硫化物结合态,Fe/Mn氧化物结合态以及残渣态的质量分数基本一致;重金属元素Fe/Mn氧化物结合态的质量分数与可还原态Mn质量分数有较好的正相关性,有机物及硫化物结合态的质量分数与有机质质量分数相关性较好. 相似文献
837.
A. H. M. Johnson G. C. Lalor J. Preston H. Robotham C. Thompson M. K. Vutchkov 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1996,18(3):113-121
A regional survey of Jamaican surface soils has been conducted in which more than 200 samples were collected at a sample density of 1 per 64 km2 across the island and analysed for total concentrations of 31 elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The aim of the survey was to begin the construction of a high-precision geochemical database to provide information on elemental levels in soils for application to environmental studies, agriculture, and human and animal health. Results on the regional scale are presented for As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb. Although Jamaican surface soils are enriched in several heavy metals compared with world soil means and crustal abundances, lead is of particular importance at this stage because of its occurrence in residential areas. Except for Cu, the distribution maps of these elements are highly correlated with bauxite which in Jamaica is associated with white limestone geology and residualterra rossa soils. 相似文献
838.
839.
840.