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951.
V. N. Pozolotina E. V. Antonova V. S. Bezel’ T. V. Zhuikova O. A. Severyukhina 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2006,37(6):402-407
A comparative study of the seed progeny of dandelions was performed with samples from cenopopulations growing for a long time under conditions of radioactive contamination (the zone of the Eastern Ural Radioactive Trace, EURT) or chemical pollution (the impact zone of the Nizhnii Tagil Metallurgical Plant, NTMP). The viability of seeds proved to decrease in a similar way along with an increase in technogenic pressure, irrespective of its nature. Experiments on acute exposure to heavy metals and γ-irradiation made it possible to reveal the adaptive capacities of the seed progeny from each cenopopulation. The background sample (formed beyond the zone of any impact) was relatively resistant to irradiation and very sensitive to heavy metals. The cenopopulations from the EURT and NTMP zones manifested nonspecific responses to the effects of both habitual and new factors. 相似文献
952.
庞金华 《生态与农村环境学报》1994,(2)
试验了Ni、Zn、Mn、Sn、Cr和Cu等6种重金属及油处理剂对水稻根系的影响,结果表明.水中含Ni0.007mg/1、Cu0.005mg/1时,能阻碍根系的伸长;含Zn0.5mg/1以上时。不利于根系的伸长;水中含Mn20mg/1,Sn、Cr ̄(6-)各5mg/1时,对根系有明显危害;水中含Cr ̄(2+)+Cr ̄(6+)时,当1种离子浓度保持不变,根系的抑制程度随着另1种离子浓度的增加而增大。水中含油处理剂1000mg/1时,能抑制水稻发根。 相似文献
953.
Changes in the anatomical characters of ectomycorrhiza in Siberian fir and Siberian spruce were studied in natural forests polluted with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and Fe) and sulfur dioxide. As technogenic load increased, the total radius of mycorhiza terminals and plant roots included in them increased in the organic horizon and decreased in the mineral part of the soil. The absolute thickness of fungal mycorhiza caps and their relative contribution to the total volume of consuming organs increased under pollution. The observed responses were regarded as adaptive, aimed at compensating the adverse effects caused by technogenic pollution. 相似文献
954.
Eric Michnowsky Leslie M. Churchland Patricia A. Thomson Paul H. Whitfield 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1982,18(1):129-132
ABSTRACT: Changes in metal concentrations during storage of acidified water samples were studied. Water samples with high concentrations of suspended sediment were collected from the Fraser River, British Columbia. These samples were analyzed for “extractable” metals, which are defined to be the dissolved metals plus those metals extracted from suspended sediment by dilute mineral acid. Concentrations of extractable Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, and Cd were determined over time. Metal concentrations in these water samples were not stable and showed significant increases throughout the storage period. These results suggest that the extractable metal technique is inappropriate for the analysis of water samples containing suspended sediment. 相似文献
955.
Some persistent pesticides, as organochlorines, are not efficiently removed from usual wastewater treatment plants, unless a tertiary treatment, commonly activated carbon adsorption, is applied. The downside of this practice rests on its high regeneration costs. This fact motivated the research for alternative processes involving the use of natural materials. Pine bark was used in this work, to remove lindane from contaminated waters. The adsorptive capabilities of this material were studied (equilibrium time, adsorption model and saturation of the adsorbent) and the interference of some metals (iron, cadmium, copper, nickel and lead) was also investigated. Results showed an excellent efficiency of adsorption (average 80,65%) and that the presence of the studied metals did not affect both efficiency and the model of the adsorption, within the range of the concentration of the pesticide studied. 相似文献
956.
957.
ICP-AES测定南宁市大气颗粒物中重金属含量 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
采用石英滤纸和隔膜真空泵自制采样装置,对南宁市区的居民区、校园区、商业区和工业区进行连续10d的大气采样,所得样品经微波消解后,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定铬、铁、铜、锌、砷、镉和铅七种重金属元素含量以检测南宁市空气质量,同时考察了仪器工作参数对测定结果的影响。实验表明:在选定的实验条件下,各元素的检出限低,准确性和精密度良好。样品测定结果表明,大气环境中重金属污染物以Fe、Zn和Pb为主;工业区,商业区,居民区重金属含量高于校园区。重金属平均浓度最大值为:Cr(0.06027μg/m)3、Fe(1.8541μg/m)3、Cu(0.02214μg/m)3、Zn(0.3666μg/m)3、As(0.02272μg/m)3、Cd(0.004733μg/m)3、Pb(0.1843μg/m)3,低于我国(TJ36-96)《居住区大气中的有害物质最高容许量》中规定值,说明南宁市空气质量良好。 相似文献
958.
南通龙王桥河沉积物中酸挥发性硫化物的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究对南通通甲河支流龙王桥河的表层沉积物中酸挥发性硫化物(AVS)随时间的变化情况,AVS与同步浸提重金属(SEM)的关系,以及AVS与有机质(OM)的关系进行了一个月的监测。结果表明:①龙王桥河表层沉积物中AVS的平均含量为1700mg/kg,远高于其他河段,上覆水中AVS的含量达到1.0mg/L,污染严重;②归一法算得SEM/AVS1,沉积物中重金属主要以硫化物形式存在;③沉积物中OM含量与AVS有相关性,OM较高时AVS的含量也较高。 相似文献
959.
采用氮载气冷法酸溶硫化物分析技术对淮河淮南段底泥中酸性挥发硫(AVS)以及同步浸提金属(SEM)的含量在河流沿程及垂直方向上的分布进行了测定.结果表明,淮河淮南段5个站点表层底泥中AVS的含量为0.14~0.87 μmol·g-1SEM(Zn、Cu、Ni、Cd、Pb)含量为0.5~1.1 μmol·g-1;其中,峡山口站点AVS最低,姚家湾站点AVS及SEM均为最高;从入境到出境断面,[SEM]/[AVS]摩尔比值呈逐渐下降趋势,数值都在1.0以上.不同站点AVS在垂直方向上的分布较为复杂,峡山口25 cm以上段随深度增加AVS逐渐增大.之后又逐渐降低,30 cm以下段变化很小;姚家湾表层AVS含量较高,20 cm以上段随深度增加AVS逐渐减小,之后又逐渐增大,30~35 cm层含量最高;石头埠和胡大涧站点AVS随深度变化不大.胡大涧以上4个站点柱状底泥中SEM的含量在0.25~0.9 μmol·g-1之间.对[SEM]/[AVS]摩尔比的研究显示,淮河淮南段表层底泥存在轻微的重金属污染. 相似文献
960.