Large-scale constructed wetlands for nutrient removal from stormwater runoff: An everglades restoration project

The South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) constructed a wetland south of Lake Okeechobee to begin the process of removing nutrients (especially phosphorus) from agricultural stormwater runoff entering the Everglades. The project, called the Everglades Nutrient Removal (ENR) project, is a prototype for larger, similarly constructed wetlands that the SFWMD will build as part of the Everglades restoration program. This innovative project is believed to be one of the largest agricultural stormwater cleanup projects in the United States, if not in the world. This publication describes the ENR project's design, construction, and proposed operation, as well as the proposed research program to be implemented over the next few years.     

DESIGN BASIS FOR EVERGLADES STORMWATER TREATMENT AREAS1

ABSTRACT: The State of Florida (1994) has adopted a plan for addressing Everglades eutrophication problems by reducing anthropogenic phosphorus loads. The plan involves implementation of Best Management Practices in agricultural watersheds and construction of regional treatment marshes (Stormwater Treatment Areas or STA's). This paper describes the development, testing, and application of a mass-balance model for sizing STA's to achieve treatment objectives. The model is calibrated and tested against peat and water-column data collected in Water Conservation Area-2A (WCA-2A), where phosphorus dynamics and eutrophication impacts have been intensively studied. The 26-year-average rate of phosphorus accretion in peat is shown to be proportional to average water-column phosphorus concentration, with a proportionality constant of 10.2 m/yr (90 percent Confidence Interval = 8.9 to 11.6 m/yr). Spatial and temporal variations in marsh water-column data suggest that drought-induced recycling of phosphorus was important during periods of low stage in WCA-2A. Maintaining wet conditions will be important to promote phosphorus removal in STA's. Sensitivity analysis of STA performance is conducted over the range of uncertainty in model parameter estimates to assess the adequacy of the model as a basis for STA design.     

EC法处理选磷废水的研究

为解决磷矿浮选尾水的污染和回用问题，采用了EC法处理，结果表明，经处理的尾矿水可部分回用，并节省Na2CO3 43-65%，这一处理方法具有一定的实用价值。     

Refuse treatment options: a case study

Records in public archives were evaluated for the period 1981-1991. Simple surveys of peoples and of technology and physical premises provided insight to gauge the attitudes of a local community in the Melbourne municipality and the Melbourne City Council towards composting of organic waste materials. There is a lag in perception and attitudes between the local community and the local government towards composting of organic refuse as a solid waste treatment option. The simple methodology of the study still made it possible to verify past and present perceptions and attitudes.     

低温湿式空气氧化法处理废碱液的研究

对采用低温湿式空气氧化法处理炼油和乙烯废碱液进行了研究。考察了停留时间对废碱液中硫化物的氧化、氧化产物的形态、COD和酚去除率的影响，反应温度对废碱液中污染物氧化反应的影响。试验结果表明，废碱液的脱臭效果很好，S^2-的氧化产物以S2O3^2-和SO4^2-2种形式共存；酚、COD的去除率及S^2-的氧化反应停留时间影响小，受反应温度影响明显；废碱液的S^2-的酚浓度相当时，COD去除率一 般低于40％， 废碱液的S^2-浓度远大于酚浓度时，废碱液的COD去除率为40％－70％；废碱液中酚的质量浓度大于20000mg/L时才有回收价值。     

磷对环境的污染及防治对策

我国水体富营养化严重，其主要控制因子是磷。在分析磷污染的污染状况，污染源的基础上，介绍了防治对策，采用低磷循环冷却水处理剂，减少磷排放，是防止工业磷污染的有效方法。     

微波技术在环境保护领域的应用

综述了当前微波技术在环境保护领域的应用和研究状况，着重介绍了微波技术在废气处理，废水处理，固体废弃物处理，环境监测等方面的应用，讨论了应用存在的一些问题，并展望了微波技术在环境保护领域的应用前景。     

超临界水氧化法处理有机污染物

介绍了超临界水氧化法处理有机污染物的基本原理，工艺流程和应用实例及使用范围，对比分析了超临界水氧化法与焚烧法处理有机污染物的技术特点，经济实用性，指明了超临界水氧化法作为一种有效的有机污染物处理方法，在化工环保等领域将具有广阔的应用前景。     

生化法处理含氨废水动力学研究

对生化法处理含氨废水过去中有重要影响的动力学因素进行了试验研究和分析，得出了利用高效微生物菌群废水中COD和NH3－N的动力学条件，温度为20－35℃，PH为7－8，DO大于2.6mg/L,MLSS大于2.6g/L，C／N小于3。在此条件下处理含氨废水，处理后的出水达到国家化肥行业一级排放标准。     

小氮肥厂的三废及其治理

论述了小氮肥厂生产中废水、废气和废渣和产生及其废水，废气的治理方法与效果。介绍了利用废渣制砖和水泥的技术。