Oxidation of gaseous elemental mercury in a high voltage discharge reactor

Effects of the voltage waveform, discharge tooth wheel number and CO2/NO/SO2 concentration in the simulated flue gas on Hg0 oxidation were investigated using a link tooth wheel-cylinder reactor energized by di erent high voltage power supplies. Negative DC discharge induced more ozone production and a higher Hg0 oxidation e ciency than positive DC discharge and 12 kHz AC discharge. The discharge tooth wheel number had almost no e ect on the maximum Hg0 oxidation e ciency. The allowable supplied voltage decreased with the increase of discharge tooth wheel number. CO2 could stabilize the discharge process and increase the maximum voltage for a stable discharge. It has also been found that NO consumed O3 induced by high voltage discharge, thereby decreased Hg0 oxidation e ciency; while SO2 had a slight promoting e ect on Hg0 oxidation.     

等离子体技术在处理垃圾焚烧飞灰中的应用研究

对飞灰进行TCLP重金属浸出试验,发现重金属Cd的浸出浓度达到0.322 5 mg/L,高出国家规定的毒性浸出标准(Cd:0.3mg/L),采用美国EPA规定的1613方法分析飞灰中的二(噁)英含量,其毒性当量I-TEQ为0.45 ng/g.利用直流双阳极等离子体电弧对飞灰进行熔融处理,对得到的熔渣进行分析,结果表明,飞灰经过熔融处理后,重金属的浸出浓度得到很好的控制,远低于毒性浸出标准,飞灰中的二(噁)英毒性当量I-TEQ接近91.6%被降解消除,得到的熔渣呈非结晶质的玻璃质结构,具有非常致密的微观结构.     

太阳电池阵等离子体环境下功率泄漏试验研究

目的确定太阳电池空间等离子环境下的功率泄漏特性参数。方法在地面模拟等离子环境下,测量太阳电池阵收集电流随偏置电压的变化规律,再根据计算模型估算太阳电池阵空间环境下的功率泄漏数值。结果太阳电池收集电流随偏置电压的增大而增大,达到一定阈值后,发生收集电流突变现象,实际测试电流值大于100 mA,功率泄漏百分比大于14.3%。辉光放电伴随收集电流突变过程,等离子体鞘层从太阳电池的导体部分扩展到介质部分;收集电流突变发生后,测量电池暗特性,未发现明显损伤。结论针对未来高电压大功率太阳电池阵,应采用功率泄漏试验,检验其功率泄漏特性,建议综合考虑多方面的因素规避发生收集电流突变风险。     

固体催化改良Fenton法处理苯酚废水的研究

针对目前常规Fenton法存在的H2O2耗量大的问题,提出了以活性炭作为催化剂载体的改良Fenton法。采用常规Fenton法以及改良Fenton法对苯酚废水的处理效果进行了对比实验研究,从H2O2投加量、接触反应时间和pH值影响因子出发分析比较了常规及改良Fenton法的COD及苯酚去除率。通过比较,改良Fenton法达到了优于常规Fenton法的处理效果,H2O2投加量20 mL/L,接触反应时间100 min,pH值为3是最佳的反应条件。降低了处理成本,提高了回收利用。     

常见金属及金属氧化物催化超声降解间苯二酚

探索了以常见金属铜、锌、铝单质及其氧化物为催化剂,提高超声降解间苯二酚速率的可行性。在超声/零价金属以及超声/金属氧化物同时存在的条件下,以间苯二酚为目标污染物,对间苯二酚的去除效果、溶液pH的变化及金属离子的溶出等进行考察,并对超声波与金属以及金属氧化物协同催化降解有机物的作用机理进行了初步的探讨。实验结果表明,铜、锌、氧化铜均可以有效地催化间苯二酚的超声降解,其过程均符合假一级动力学反应。各类金属和金属氧化物的催化能力排序为铜、锌混合物>氧化铜、锌混合物>锌>铜≈氧化铜。当间苯二酚初始浓度为0.05 mmol/L,初始pH=5,超声频率25 kHz,功率为200 W,铜、锌比例为1:1,投量为1 g/L时,US/Cu-Zn去除间苯二酚的速率常数为1.53×10-2min-1,是单独超声作用时的9倍。     

活性炭催化过二硫酸盐降解水中AO7

过二硫酸盐（persulfate,PS）活化技术是基于硫酸根自由基（SO 4^-.）的一种新型高级氧化技术.用颗粒状活性炭（GAC）常温常压下直接非均相催化PS来降解水中难生化偶氮染料AO7（acid orange 7）.结果表明,GAC/PS体系对AO7不但能够快速脱色,而且有较高的矿化率.n（PS）∶n（AO7）为...     

Conversion of the refractory ammonia and acetic acid in catalytic wet air oxidation of animal byproducts

Wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of slaughtered animal byproducts (ABPs) were investigated. Two step experiment was carried out consisting of a non-catalysedWAO run followed by a CWAO run at 170–275°C , 20 MPa, and reaction time 180 min. TheWAO (1st step) of sample (5 g/L total organic carbon (TOC)) yielded (82.0 4)% TOC removal and (78.4 13.2)% conversion of the initial organic-N into NH4 +-N. Four metal catalysts (Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru) supported over alumina have been tested in catalytic WAO (2nd step) at elevated pH to enhance ammonia conversion and organic matter removal, particularly acetic acid. It was found that the catalysts Ru, Pt, and Rh had significant e ects on the TOC removal (95.1%, 99.5% and 96.7%, respectively) and on the abatement of ammonia (93.4%, 96.7% and 96.3%, respectively) with high nitrogen selectivity. The catalyst Pd was found to have the less activity while Pt had the best performance. The X-Ray di raction analysis showed that the support of catalyst was not stable under the experimental conditions since it reacted with phosphate present in solution. Nitrite and nitrate ions were monitored during the oxidation reaction and it was concluded that CWAO of ammonia in real waste treatment framework was in good agreement with the results obtained from the literature for ideal solutions of ammonia.     

液中放电等离子体降解TNT废液数学模型研究

文章采用液中放电等离子体降解TNT废液,影响降解的因素为放电时间、放电电压、电极间距、气流量、初始浓度、初始电导,采用了无因次方法对降解效率与影响因素之间进行了关联,建立了降解过程的数学模型,并对数学模型进行了分析,得出的结论是:模型方程的置信度为0.71,方程回归系数都显著不等于零,所求的模型是实用的,这为下一步的放大改进工作奠定了良好的基础。     

辉光放电等离子体处理印染废水的实验研究

用辉光放电等离子体技术印染废水降解进行了研究,通过测定CODcr、BOD和pH值的变化初步探讨了降解机理。结果表明:在辉光放电降解印染废水的过程中,发现仅是采用辉光放电水处理技术时,因为过氧化氢的生成导致废水CODcr有一定的升高,而废水的BOD几乎没有变化,说明辉光放电对印染废水几乎没有降解效果;而在亚铁离子的加入后,印染废水出现明显的降解效果,当亚铁离子加入量为50 mg时,印染废水的CODcr和BOD的去除率分别为41.2%和46.2%,降解率得到了很大的提高。     

生物酶催化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

针对垃圾渗滤液的特性及目前处理工艺普遍无法达标的问题,提出应用生物酶催化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的方法,可以高效迅速降解污染物,提高污染物去除效率,减少投资及处理费用,为垃圾渗滤液处理的技术升级与工艺探索提供新思路。