等离子体技术在处理垃圾焚烧飞灰中的应用研究

对飞灰进行TCLP重金属浸出试验,发现重金属Cd的浸出浓度达到0.322 5 mg/L,高出国家规定的毒性浸出标准(Cd:0.3mg/L),采用美国EPA规定的1613方法分析飞灰中的二(噁)英含量,其毒性当量I-TEQ为0.45 ng/g.利用直流双阳极等离子体电弧对飞灰进行熔融处理,对得到的熔渣进行分析,结果表明,飞灰经过熔融处理后,重金属的浸出浓度得到很好的控制,远低于毒性浸出标准,飞灰中的二(噁)英毒性当量I-TEQ接近91.6%被降解消除,得到的熔渣呈非结晶质的玻璃质结构,具有非常致密的微观结构.     

介质阻挡放电等离子体对亚甲基蓝的降解

研究了介质阻挡放电等离子体降解亚甲基蓝溶液过程。考察了放电电压、亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度、初始pH值对降解率的影响和降解过程中亚甲基蓝溶液pH值的变化。结果表明:100mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液在放电频率为10.5kHz,电压为22kV,pH值为5.68的实验条件下,降解40min后,亚甲基蓝降解率为99.8%。对降解产物进行气质联用分析,亚甲基蓝降解产物中存在甲苯、乙烷基环戊烷、苯并噻唑等物质。     

新型高压脉冲等离子体反应器处理荧光增白剂废水

以浙江传化集团的荧光增白剂废水为研究对象,进行了新型高压脉冲等离子体反应器处理该废水的试验研究。试验表明,新型高压脉冲等离子体反应器处理该废水的COD、BOD5和NH3-N的去除率分别达到85.7%、80.5%和56.8%。     

能量注入对放电等离子体去除气相苯系物的影响

采用正极性高压直流供电和串齿线放电极——管式接地极构成的放电等离子体反应器,研究了苯系物（苯、甲苯和对二甲苯）去除效率与供电电压之间的关系,以及放电极齿轮数对苯系物去除效率、COx（CO2＋CO）生成量和能量效率的影响。研究结果表明,苯系物的去除效率、COx生成量皆随电压升高而增大。随着电压升高,能量效率先升后降,当电压为11kV左右时,能量效率最高。对应放电齿轮数为31的苯系物去除效率、COx生成量和能量效率皆高于放电齿轮数为55或7,这表明对应特定的等离子体反应器,有一最佳放电齿数匹配。     

Simultaneous removal of NO and SO2 from dry gas stream using non-thermal plasma

In order to investigate the feasibility of sequential removal NO and SO_2 using non-thermal plasma and adsorbent simultaneously,the removal of NO and SO_2 from dry gas stream(NO/SO_2/N_2/O_2)with very little O_2 using non-thermal plasma was investigated using a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge.Comparative experiments were carried out in the dry gas stream with and without Ar respectively at O_2 concentration of 0.1%.The results showed that NO could be removed remarkably and it would be enhanced in the presence of Ar in the dry gas stream.It seems that SO_2 could not be removed unless there is Ar in the dry gas stream.The mechanism of removal of NO and SO_2 in the dry gas stream was discussed.     

太阳电池阵等离子体环境下功率泄漏试验研究

目的确定太阳电池空间等离子环境下的功率泄漏特性参数。方法在地面模拟等离子环境下,测量太阳电池阵收集电流随偏置电压的变化规律,再根据计算模型估算太阳电池阵空间环境下的功率泄漏数值。结果太阳电池收集电流随偏置电压的增大而增大,达到一定阈值后,发生收集电流突变现象,实际测试电流值大于100 mA,功率泄漏百分比大于14.3%。辉光放电伴随收集电流突变过程,等离子体鞘层从太阳电池的导体部分扩展到介质部分;收集电流突变发生后,测量电池暗特性,未发现明显损伤。结论针对未来高电压大功率太阳电池阵,应采用功率泄漏试验,检验其功率泄漏特性,建议综合考虑多方面的因素规避发生收集电流突变风险。     

液中放电等离子体降解TNT废液数学模型研究

文章采用液中放电等离子体降解TNT废液,影响降解的因素为放电时间、放电电压、电极间距、气流量、初始浓度、初始电导,采用了无因次方法对降解效率与影响因素之间进行了关联,建立了降解过程的数学模型,并对数学模型进行了分析,得出的结论是:模型方程的置信度为0.71,方程回归系数都显著不等于零,所求的模型是实用的,这为下一步的放大改进工作奠定了良好的基础。     

辉光放电等离子体处理印染废水的实验研究

用辉光放电等离子体技术印染废水降解进行了研究,通过测定CODcr、BOD和pH值的变化初步探讨了降解机理。结果表明:在辉光放电降解印染废水的过程中,发现仅是采用辉光放电水处理技术时,因为过氧化氢的生成导致废水CODcr有一定的升高,而废水的BOD几乎没有变化,说明辉光放电对印染废水几乎没有降解效果;而在亚铁离子的加入后,印染废水出现明显的降解效果,当亚铁离子加入量为50 mg时,印染废水的CODcr和BOD的去除率分别为41.2%和46.2%,降解率得到了很大的提高。     

活性炭催化过二硫酸盐降解水中AO7

过二硫酸盐（persulfate,PS）活化技术是基于硫酸根自由基（SO 4^-.）的一种新型高级氧化技术.用颗粒状活性炭（GAC）常温常压下直接非均相催化PS来降解水中难生化偶氮染料AO7（acid orange 7）.结果表明,GAC/PS体系对AO7不但能够快速脱色,而且有较高的矿化率.n（PS）∶n（AO7）为...     

Conversion of the refractory ammonia and acetic acid in catalytic wet air oxidation of animal byproducts

Wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of slaughtered animal byproducts (ABPs) were investigated. Two step experiment was carried out consisting of a non-catalysedWAO run followed by a CWAO run at 170–275°C , 20 MPa, and reaction time 180 min. TheWAO (1st step) of sample (5 g/L total organic carbon (TOC)) yielded (82.0 4)% TOC removal and (78.4 13.2)% conversion of the initial organic-N into NH4 +-N. Four metal catalysts (Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru) supported over alumina have been tested in catalytic WAO (2nd step) at elevated pH to enhance ammonia conversion and organic matter removal, particularly acetic acid. It was found that the catalysts Ru, Pt, and Rh had significant e ects on the TOC removal (95.1%, 99.5% and 96.7%, respectively) and on the abatement of ammonia (93.4%, 96.7% and 96.3%, respectively) with high nitrogen selectivity. The catalyst Pd was found to have the less activity while Pt had the best performance. The X-Ray di raction analysis showed that the support of catalyst was not stable under the experimental conditions since it reacted with phosphate present in solution. Nitrite and nitrate ions were monitored during the oxidation reaction and it was concluded that CWAO of ammonia in real waste treatment framework was in good agreement with the results obtained from the literature for ideal solutions of ammonia.