A2O工艺好氧末段溶解氧变化对脱氮除磷影响

采用连续流A2O工艺处理实际的生活污水,研究好氧末段在不同溶解氧(DO)浓度条件下对污泥沉降性能、系统脱氮除磷的影响,同时考察了DO对污泥硝化活性、厌氧释磷速率和反硝化脱氮速率的影响.结果表明,随着末段溶解氧的提高,污泥容积指数SVI从140降至100左右,后又升高到120～170;系统的硝化效果提高,氨氮的去除率从6...     

亚铁蓝法处理含氰废水的工程应用

文中综述了氰化物的危害和含氰废水的来源以及目前处理含氰废水的方法。以工程实例重点介绍亚铁蓝法处理此废水的应用。亚铁蓝法除氰可分二级进行,第一级在中性条件总氰去除率达到80%以上,第二级直接在一级出水加碱调pH至8～9沉淀即可,通过二级处理总氰去除率达到95%左右。     

提高炼油废水处理场的氨氮去除率

对炼油废水处理场现有工艺进行流程优化,将MBR装置调整在接触氧化池之后运行.优化流程后氨氮平均去除率可从近于0提高至71.70％;COD平均去除率可从50.00％提高至72.00％.通过对工艺流程的对比,分析了现有工艺氨氮质量浓度难以降低的原因,指出废水中存在的某些污染物对硝化细菌起到抑制作用,减少了反应器中硝化细菌的...     

硫化法制备废水处理用光催化剂La3NbS2O5

采用高温硫化法制备了具有可见光活性的La3 NbS2 O5光催化剂,运用X射线衍射谱图、扫描电子显微镜照片、比表面积和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对La3 NbS2 O5的结构、物理性质和光吸收性能进行了表征.以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,考察了硫化温度、催化剂加入量和制备方法对亚甲基蓝降解率的影响.实验结果表明,当硫化温度为800...     

吸附—电化学法组合工艺处理废乳化液

以季铵盐改性硅藻土为吸油剂,采用吸附—电化学组合工艺处理拉丝废乳化液,优化了工艺条件。实验结果表明,在乳化液pH为5.0、吸油剂加入量为20 g/L、反应温度为25 ℃的最优条件下吸附除油15 min,然后在清液pH为8.5、阳极电流密度为4 A/dm²的最优条件下电化学反应4 h后,废水无色无味,COD为43 mg/L,ρ（NH₃-N）=0,ρ（Cu）= 1.6 mg/L,ρ（Zn）= 3.7 mg/L,浊度为1.1 NTU,达到GB 8978—1996污水综合排放标准。     

采用支持向量机算法优化电化学处理油田污水的工艺参数

采用支持向量机(SVM)算法,将Box-Behnken设计法与支持向量回归算法(SVR)实验参数优化软件相结合,优化电化学去除油田污水COD的工艺参数。通过量子粒子群算法对SVM算法参数进行优化,从建立的回归模型中找到工艺参数的全局最佳点:电解时间60 min,电解电流3 A,三维电极填充料中石英砂质量695 g。模型得到的COD理论最优去除率为92.48%,验证实验得到的COD去除率为91.43%。     

Investigation of titanium liquid/gas diffusion layers in proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells

In a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cell (PEMEC), liquid/gas diffusion layer (LGDL) is expected to transport electrons, heat, and reactants/products to and from the catalyst layer with minimum voltage, current, thermal, interfacial, and fluidic losses. In addition, carbon materials, which are typically used in PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), are unsuitable in PEMECs due to the high ohmic potential and highly oxidative environment of the oxygen electrode. In this study, a set of titanium gas diffusion layers with different thicknesses and porosities are designed and examined coupled with the development of a robust titanium bipolar plate. It has been found that the performance of electrolyzer improves along with a decrease in thickness or porosity of the anode LGDL of titanium woven meshes. The ohmic resistance of anode LGDL and contact resistance between anode LGDL and the anode catalyst play dominant roles in electrolyzer performance, and better performance can be obtained by reducing ohmic resistance. Thin titanium LGDLs with straight-through pores and optimal pore morphologies are recommended for the future developments of low-cost LGDLs with minimum ohmic/transport losses.     

Development of a fuel cell propulsion system for the existing Mercedes B-Class 160 of petrol driven car

This paper presents a theoretical comparison between fuel cell (FC) power train and conventional petrol driven propulsion system. FC has potential to reduce the CO₂-emissions from road. However, FC power trains require energy storing device, to meet the peak power during extreme drive situations and also able to recover the kinetic energy of the vehicle during break operation. The proposed system includes a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based drive train and a super capacitor connected in parallel. The system is designed and dimensioned for a conventional petrol driven propulsion system of the Mercedes B-Class160. The feasibility study also includes comparison between the existing conventional systems. It is shown that although FC power train is heavier compared to existing system, urban performance is better and produces no CO₂ and other harmful emissions.     

工业烟气氨法-络合法同时脱硫脱硝

在脱硫脱硝喷淋装置上采用氨法-络合法处理工业烟气。考察了吸收液pH、Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA浓度、初始烟气浓度、液气比对烟气同时脱硫脱硝效果的影响。实验结果表明:吸收液的酸碱度通过影响Fe(Ⅱ)与EDTA的络合形式进而影响NO去除率;SO_2去除率主要受吸收液pH和初始SO_2质量浓度的影响;当吸收液pH大于8、吸收液Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA浓度大于0.100 mol/L、初始SO_2质量浓度小于1 500 mg/m3、初始NO质量浓度为1 200 mg/m3时,SO_2去除率均在95%以上,NO去除率为54%;当液气比由1 L/m3增大至4 L/m3时,有效脱硫时间和有效脱硝时间分别增长了7 min和4 min。     

废弃印刷线路板碘化法浸金研究

针对碘化法从废弃印刷线路板中提取金的工艺设计,分别考察了碘的质量分数、n(I₂)/n(I^-)比值、固液比、双氧水的质量分数、pH值、浸出时间和浸出温度对金浸出率的影响。结合正交设计优化实验方法,提出了从废弃印刷线路板中碘化法浸取金的最佳工艺条件：碘的质量分数为1.1％,n(I₂)∶n(I^-)=1∶10,双氧水的质量分数为1.5％,浸出时间4 h,固液比为1∶10,浸出温度为常温（25℃）,溶液pH值为中性,此时金浸出率可达97.5％。