水泥工业原料的开发利用

本文从综合利用资源的角度出发，介绍了利用部份低品位矿产生产水泥工业原料、水泥产品具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

铝在红沿河核电厂地区的初期大气腐蚀表征

目的研究铝在辽宁红沿河核电厂地区的初期大气腐蚀行为。方法按GB/T 6464—1997,将制备好的试样在红沿河核电厂进行大气暴露试验,利用XRD,FTIR,SEM分析技术,对试验6个月和10个月的试样进行腐蚀产物观察与分析。结果铝在红沿河大气暴露腐蚀6个月和10个月样品表面均布满了点蚀坑、腐蚀产物及沉积物,腐蚀产物主要为Al2O3,Al OOH以及一些含氯和含硫的铝盐。腐蚀产物都较疏松,上下表面均有龟裂纹,相邻较近的点蚀坑已相互连接。随腐蚀时间延长,点蚀坑变深变大,朝地面点蚀坑深度已达上百微米。结论铝在红沿河核电厂大气环境中腐蚀以点蚀为主要特征,其腐蚀比普通大气环境中的严重,朝地面的腐蚀比朝天面严重,大气中氯离子及SO2参与铝的腐蚀过程并起促进作用。     

某含铁物料固体废物属性鉴别研究

以一批含铁物料为例,采用化学分析方法、X射线荧光光谱及X射线衍射等分析方法,结合样品物理、化学等特性,对该物品的属性进行鉴别研究.     

Effect of cooling rate and laser process parameters on additive manufactured Fe–Ti–C metal matrix composites microstructure and carbide morphology

In this paper, laser additive manufacturing (LAM) of Fe–TiC composite coating on AISI 1030 carbon steel is investigated using a numerical and experimental method. In order to have a desired result using LAM, it is crucial to understand the effects of the process parameters’ values on the TiC morphology and microstructure. For this purpose, the LAM process is numerically simulated in order to calculate cooling rate and peak temperature. Experimental data and numerical results are in good agreement in terms of the phase development. Results show that cooling rate plays a crucial role in phase transformation in the clad, however, final microstructure strongly depends on the cooling rate and powder's chemical composition. Two main carbide morphologies (i.e. dendritic and particulate) are studied and relevant cooling rates are detected. Based on this paper and developed map, it is possible to control the cooling rate in order to achieve specific carbide morphologies in the clad. In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are used to characterize clads’ microstructure.     

浅谈企业安全文化体系的构建与创新

结合中海福建天然气有限责任公司在安全文化建设方面的成功实践,对企业安全文化建设的途径和方法提出建议。     

新型水处理材料海绵铁在废水处理中的应用研究

作为一种新型多功能水处理材料,海绵铁具有优越的物理化学性能。通过吸附、微电解、絮凝沉淀、直接还原和间接氧化等作用,海绵铁在水体去污的过程中显现了较强的处理能力。在总结海绵铁去除水中难降解有机物和重金属离子等污染物的研究现状的基础上,提出海绵铁在应用中存在的问题及改进方向。海绵铁与微生物在降解水体污染物的过程中存在互促作用,因而生物海绵铁体系有更强的处理能力,将成为海绵铁材料用于水处理的开发研究新方向。     

绿色建材的研究与发展综述

总结了绿色建材的基本概念与评价方法,介绍了绿色混凝土、绿色墙体材料、绿色涂料、相变储能建筑材料,认为绿色建材和绿色建筑技术将成为未来建筑行业的主要研究方向之一,今后我国绿色建材发展的主要前提首先是提高政府、设计人员的环保意识,其次要健全评价体系。     

Safety Evaluation for a Biodiesel Process Using Prion-Contaminated Animal Fat as a Source (6 pp)

Background Due to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), specified risk material (SRM) as well as animal meat and bone meal (MBM) are banned from the food and feed chain because of a possible infection with pathogenic prions (PrPSc). Nowadays, prions are widely accepted to be responsible for TSE(transmissible spongiform encephalopathies)-caused illnesses like BSE and scrapie, and especially for the occurrence of the new variant of CJD in humans. Presently, SRM and MBM are burnt under high temperatures to avoid any hazards for humans, animals or the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate a method using animal fat separated from Category I material which includes SRM and the carcasses of TSE-infected animals, or animals suspected of being infected with TSE, as a source for producing biodiesel by transesterification, analogous to the biodiesel process using vegetable oil. Methods For this purpose, animal fat was spiked with scrapie-infected hamster brain equivalents – as representative for a TSE-infected animal – and the biodiesel manufacturing process was downscaled and performed under lab-scale conditions. Results and Discussion The results analysed by Western blotting showed clearly that almost each single step of the process leads to a significant reduction of the concentration of the pathogenic prion protein (PrPSc) in the main and side-products. Conclusion The data revealed that the biodiesel production, even from material with a high concentration of pathogenic prions, can be considered as safe. Recommendations and Outlook The obtained results indicated that biodiesel produced from prion-contaminated fat was safe under the tested process conditions. However, it has to be pointed out that the results cannot be generalized because a different process control using other conditions may lead to different results and then has to be analysed independently. It is clear that the production of biodiesel from high risk material represents a more economic usage than the combustion of such material.     

Making sense of complexity in risk governance in post-disaster Fukushima fisheries: A scalar approach

This paper evaluates how geographical theories of scale can give a more robust understanding of the governance of complex environmental risks. We assess the case of fisheries in Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefecture in Japan following the 2011 nuclear disaster. Fisheries in Iwaki and Fukushima more widely are operating on a trial basis as understanding of the marine radiation situation becomes clearer, however questions remain over whether consumers will buy produce and to what extent full-scale fisheries will resume. Based on empirical fieldwork undertaken in Fukushima plus supporting documentary analysis, we construct a scalar account of post-disaster Iwaki fisheries. We use this to argue that framing post-disaster fisheries governance at the municipal scale rather than the prefectural scale has opened up opportunities for enacting the more two-way forms of risk governance that contemporary environmental issues may require. We also argue locally-situated ‘experts’ (e.g. fisheries extension officers and citizen science groups) play a key role in negotiating citizens’ and fishers’ relationships with larger-scale scientific discourses due to their ability to work across scales, despite having less techno-scientific expertise than their national-level counterparts. In turn, we suggest that in governance of complex environmental issues, policymakers ought to (a) consider how community-level expectations may differ from risk governance processes developed at larger scales; (b) identify key institutions or figures who can work across scales and support them accordingly; and (c) show cognisance to the social effects that may arise from spatial demarcation of environmental problems.     

THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF DUAL PURPOSE NUCLEAR DESALINATION OF GROUND WATER1

ABSTRACT: The economic feasibility of a large scale dual purpose (desalting water and power production) facility were evaluated. Although a site in the Tularosa basin of southern New Mexico was chosen as a case study for this analysis, it is believed that the approach and consequential results would be applicable to alternative sites in the Southwest. The basic project evaluated included: a) a ground water well field; b) a dual purpose, nuclear, desalination plant; c) a mineral recovery plant; and d) a reservoir for recreation and irrigation storage. Principle project outputs included electrical power, minerals, recreation, and water for either irrigated agricultural production or export to an adjoining river basin. Two alternative project designs were developed for detailed analysis. The first alternative encompassed all major project components. The results, in discounted net values used to assess the feasibility of the project, were essentially negative; that is, values were less than zero for full scale development. The net benefits ranged from $-986.57 million at a 5 percent discount rate, to $-1,137.528 million at a discount rate of 10 percent. In the second alternative, exportation of the desalted water from the Tularosa basin to two adjacent rivers was analyzed with somewhat better net benefits, ranging from $-382,527 million to $-478,612 million at the 5 and 10 percent discount rates.