动荷载作用下边坡锚固系统合理设计探讨

爆破、地震或列车振动等动荷载作用下,边坡锚固系统易产生锚筋松弛、夹具损伤、注浆体拉裂及界面粘结失效等情况,影响其预应力赋存状态、加固效果和耐久性。基于动荷载作用类型和锚固系统动力响应特征分析,提出了动载下不同地层内的锚固段合理结构设计方案和锚筋抗拉安全系数及锁定荷载的建议。动载下自由段(外锚固段)宜设计为全粘结型或增设多级反锚装置,形成岩土自锁锚固,以控制预应力损失和防止锚头或自由段破断造成突发性灾害;在水泥基灌浆体中掺入钢纤维或树脂纤维,可改善锚固体抗裂性能,提高其抗疲劳和抗冲击能力;建议优先采用防腐性能卓越的填充型环氧涂层钢绞线,以提高锚固体在动载破裂时的耐久性。     

Potential utilization of riverbed sediments by hydrothermal solidification and its hardening mechanism

Hydrothermal solidification of riverbed sediments (silt) has been carried out in a Teflon (PTFE) lined stainless steel hydrothermal apparatus, under saturated steam pressure at 343–473 K for 2–24 h by calcium hydrate introduction. Tobermorite was shown to be the most important strength-producing constituent of the solidified silt. A longer curing time or a higher curing temperature was shown to be favorable to the tobermorite formation, thus promoting strength development; however, overlong curing time (24 h) seemed to affect the strength development negatively. The hardening mechanism consisted of the crystal growth/morphology evolution during the hydrothermal process. The species dissolved from the silt were precipitated first as fine particles, and then some of the particles seemed to build up the rudimental morphology of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel. The CSH gel, with precipitated particles, appeared to cause some reorganization within the matrix, which made the matrix denser and thus gave an initial strength development. Tobermorite, transformed inevitably from the CSH gel, reinforced the matrix with its interlocked structure, and thus further promoted the strength development.     

Willing and able: explaining individuals' engagement in environmental policy making

Research on attitudes toward environmental policy making has often overlooked the important role that risks play in forming individual attitudes towards the environment. Similarly, this research often assumes that the factors that affect attitudes are similar across different environmental domains. The purpose of this research is to examine how the factors that affect an individual's willingness to get involved in environmental policy making differ on two environmental issues – nuclear power and drinking water. The study utilises multivariate statistical techniques to explore the relationship that uncertainty, risk, and trust play in an individual's willingness to take action in environmental policy making. The data consist of responses to a national random telephone survey of 403 adults in the United States. The individuals surveyed are more likely to take action on the less avoidable potential threat of nuclear power than they are on drinking water. The respondents believe that the potential harm from nuclear power is greater than that from drinking water. The individuals most likely to take action are those who indicate that they are interested in environmental issues.     

基于矿渣的一种新型建筑材料试验研究

通过化学分析、抗压强度、抗折强度等试验,研究了一种以矿渣为主要成分的新型建筑材料。试验结果表明：该种新型建筑材料的抗压强度和抗折强度能够达到525水泥相关要求,可满足实际工程的需要。     

油桐尺蠖病毒杀虫剂的药效分析

油桐尺蠖核型多角体病毒（BsSNPV）是一种高致病力的病毒株,生物测定nPIB（LC50）=1．657×104mL．经过全国7个省20多个单位联合试验,生物统计结果表明：BsSNPV防治第1代油桐尺蠖虫口下降率为97．2％;防治第2代油桐尺蠖虫口下降宰为93．97％;F测验其t值为0．184,小于理论t0．05（29）＝2．045．优于敌百虫、DDVP、辛硫磷和BT等农药是一种杀虫效果稳定、使用安全、经济有效的生物杀虫剂．     

酚类物质对厌氧生物降解性的影响研究

通过厌氧间歇试验,研究了4种酚类物质在不同浓度下的累积产气量,并将其归纳为两类8种不同降解性影响的典型曲线.试验表明,4种酚类物质中,苯酚和邻甲酚可被厌氧微生物降解,而对甲酚和五氯酚不能被厌氧微生物降解.     

基于MFA的青岛市城阳区物质代谢研究

基于欧盟的物质流分析(MFA)框架,对青岛市城阳区的物质代谢状态和代谢强度进行了系统分析.结果表明:1995─2004年城阳区资源投入量和污染物排放量分别增长3.6和1.8倍,化石燃料和矿物约占资源投入量的50.26%～76.30%,进口资源量所占比例呈逐年增长趋势,经济发展的资源外部依赖性较强.万元GDP资源投入由6.01 t降至3.56 t,万元GDP污染物排放量也降低了63.74%,表明城阳区经济发展的资源利用效率和生态效率已有不同程度的提高,但仍远高于发达国家20世纪末期的水平,因此提高资源生产力和控制污染物排放是实现城阳区可持续发展的必由之路.      

介孔TiO2纤维的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶和水蒸气活化热处理技术制备了介孔TiO2纤维,考察了各种因素对介孔TiO2纤维光催化活性的影响,并对介孔TiO2纤维结构进行了表征。介孔TiO2纤维的最佳制备条件：n（TBOT）∶n（C6H10O3）∶n（H2O）∶n（C3H8O）=1∶0.4∶2.0∶16,搅拌时间80min,Si与Ti的摩尔比为0.15,采用分段程序升温工艺,活化温度为700℃。所得介孔TiO2纤维比表面积为127.7m2/g,最可几孔径为7.3nm,具有极高的热稳定性及抗晶型转变能力,反应时间75min时活性艳红X-3B降解率为99.3%。     

浅谈气相防锈技术

简单地介绍了目前在金属防锈领域广泛应用的气相防锈技术的防锈机理和该技术的优点,重点介绍了当前所使用的气相防锈剂种类和气相防锈材料的现状,并对气相防锈塑料薄膜的优点和制作方法以及其发展趋势进行了分析,指出了国内气相防锈技术的差距和其良好的发展前景.     

核能利用与环境保护

通过分析核能的起源与发展,世界核电发展现状,论述核能对环境影响和核能利用的环侏对策,预测核能是今后解决能源危机最主要也是最本质的途径,并对核能大发展的情况下可能对环境产生的影响进行了评述。