船舶微生物腐蚀与防护研究进展

近年来,随着腐蚀研究的不断深入,船舶上一些异常快速的腐蚀问题引起了人们的注意,由此发现微生物腐蚀在船舶上的大量存在。与其他工业体系相比,我国船舶系统微生物腐蚀的研究起步较晚,与国外相比,在重视程度和机理研究层面存在一定差距,亟待加强机理和防护技术领域研究。针对这个问题,文中系统分析了船舶微生物腐蚀的发生位点与危害、腐蚀微生物群落结构、船舶材料的微生物腐蚀以及防护措施等四个方面的最新研究进展,并在此基础上,提出了对船舶微生物腐蚀研究工作的建议,希望能够引起学术界和工业界的重视,以期在相关领域取得突破性进展。     

装备统一环境试验条件研究

通过梳理武器装备运输、贮存、发射和飞行等任务环境剖面,分析任务环境剖面对应的环境特征和实测环境数据,研究建立武器装备统一环境试验条件的可行性。研究结果表明,武器装备运输振动、冲击环境以及飞行振动、噪声环境剖面结合实测数据可以建立统一环境试验条件。     

城市地表覆盖材料的热反应

本文对几种地表覆盖材料在具有“火炉”之称的山城重庆典型夏季气候条件下的热反应进行了实测研究，以期为生态城市设计提供有益的参考数据。     

材料结构参数对薄板冲压成形仿真结果的影响

采用不同材料屈服模型及参数对典型冲压过程进行了仿真 ,对仿真结果进行了分析。分析表明材料模型及参数对仿真结果影响至关重要 ,板料的厚度分布及成形极限图对结构参数n和r值很敏感。这对更好的了解不同材料在冲压时的力学行为和进行冲压仿真时怎样合理选择材料模型及参数提供了帮助     

在我区西部大开发的平台上认识和发展循环经济

文章从系统论的科学原理出发，分析和探讨内蒙古工业经济发展模式，即线性经济模式和循环经济模式的不同点。同时指出，走循环经济的道路更符合系统科学的原理，是内蒙古地区参与西部大开发建设的需要，也是实现可持续发展的一个非常重要的途径。     

用固定化生物材料去除水体中的重金属离子

介绍了固定生物法去除水体中的重金属离子的特点 ,生物材料的类型 ,生物材料的选择 ,固定化方法及进行水处理的操作方式。     

Toxic effects of selenium on marine fish

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A field experimental study of lignin sand stabilizing material (LSSM) extracted from spent-liquor of straw pulping paper mills

A new technique was introduced for sand stabilization and re-vegetation by use of lignin sand stabilizing material(LSSM). LSSM is a reconstructed organic compound with lignin as the most dominant component from the extracts of black-liquor issued by straw pulp paper mills. Unlike the polyvinyl acetate or foamed asphalt commonly used for dune stabilization, the new material is plant-friendly and can be used with virescence actions simultaneously. The field experimental study was conducted since 2001 in China‘s Northwest Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and has been proved that LSSM is effective in stabilizing the fugitive dunes, making the arenaceous plants survive and the bare dune vegetative. The advisable solution concentration is 2% and the optimal field spraying quantity is 2.5L/m^2 The soil nutrients of the stabilized and greened dune, such as organic matter, available phosphorous and total nitrogen are all increased compared with the control treatment, which is certainly helpful to the growth of arenaceous plants. The technique is worthwhile to be popularized because it is provided not only a new method for desertification control but also an outlet for cleaning contaminants issued from the straw paper mills.     

硝化菌体在胶体材料的微型球状载体内的固定化

硝化处理效率低是制约污水脱氢工艺发展的重要因素，通过硝化菌体在PVA-SbQ与alginate混合胶体材料制作的微型球状载体中的固定，减少了菌体由于污水停留时间过造成的冲洗流失，又较好地处理了养分与氧的输运抑制问题，从而显著地提高了硝化处理效率，对改进污水脱氮工艺提供了有效途径。     

ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT AND DEPOSITION PATTERNS DUE TO RUSSIAN PACIFIC FLEET OPERATIONS

A probabilistic analysis of atmospheric transport and deposition patterns from two nuclear risk sites-Kamchatka and Vladivostok-situated in the Russian Far East to countries and geographical regions of interest (Japan, China, North and South Koreas, territories of the Russian Far East, State of Alaska, and Aleutian Chain Islands, US) was performed. The main questions addressed were the following: Which geographical territories are at the highest risk from hypothetical releases at these sites? What are the probabilities for radionuclide atmospheric transport and deposition on different neighboring countries in case of accidents at the sites? For analysis, several research tools developed within the Arctic Risk Project were applied: (1) isentropic trajectory model to calculate a multiyear dataset of 5-day forward trajectories that originated over the site locations at various altitudes; (2) DERMA long-range transport model to simulate 5-day atmospheric transport, dispersion, and deposition of 137Cs for 1-day release (at the rate of 10(10) Bq/s); and (3) a set of statistical methods (including exploratory, cluster, and probability fields analyses) for evaluation of trajectory and dispersion modeling results. The possible impact (on annual, seasonal, and monthly basis) of selected risk sites on neighboring geographical regions is evaluated using a set of various indicators. For trajectory modeling, the indicators examined are: (1) atmospheric transport pathways, (2) airflow probability fields, (3) fast transport probability fields, (4) maximum possible impact zone, (5) maximum reaching distance, and (6) typical transport time fields. For dispersion modeling, the indicators examined are: (1) time integrated air concentration, (2) dry deposition, and (3) wet deposition. It was found for both sites that within the boundary layer the westerly flows are dominant throughout the year (more than 60% of the time), increasing with altitude of free troposphere up to 85% of the time. For the Kamchatka site, the US regions are at the highest risk with the average times of atmospheric transport ranging from 3 to 5.1 days and depositions of 10(-1) Bq/m2 and lower. For the Vladivostok site, the northern China and Japan regions are at the highest risk with the average times of atmospheric transport of 0.5 and 1.6 days, respectively, and depositions ranging from 10(0) to 10(+2) Bq/m2. The areas of maximum potentially impacted zones are 30 x 10(4) km2 and 25 x 10(4) km2 for the Kamchatka and Vladivostok sites, respectively.