燃煤电厂袋式除尘器滤料的研究

详细介绍了国内外燃煤电厂袋式除尘器所用滤料的试验研究结果，对滤料的发展方向进行了阐述。并认为燃煤电厂采用袋式除尘器的技术是可靠的。     

THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A GIS-BASED CONTAMINANT SOURCE INVENTORY OVER THE SPOKANE AQUIFER,SPOKANE COUNTY WASHINGTON1

ABSTRACT: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) statutes require identification of all potential sources of contamination within a wellhead protection area. All wells over Spokane County's aquifer are included in one wellhead protection zone called the Aquifer Sensitive Area (ASA). A GIS-based Contaminant Source Inventory (CSI) was developed for the ASA. Datasets listing businesses and agencies within the ASA were imported into the GIS from state, county, city, and local agencies. These datasets were selected, joined, and sorted using GIS relational database capabilities into one ASA “business master file.” Map files were projected and transformed into common coordinates. Next, business sites within the master file were spatially related by address to the digital map files. Likely Critical Materials Users (CMU) were identified by sorting on selected standard Industrial Codes (SIC). Additional files of CMUs were imported into the Contaminant Source Inventory. GIS queries were performed to locate specific materials, quantities, and storage facilities, and to analyze CMU activity within selected buffer zones. This project demonstrated the usefulness of GIS technology in the development, management, maintenance, and analysis of vast quantities of data associated with a local wellhead protection pro. gram.     

煤灰渣利用中对人群所产生辐射影响的评价

煤的开发与利用产生了大量的灰，渣等固体废物，占用大量土地，污染土壤和水源，成为四大公害之一，因而对煤灰，渣的治理和综合利用一直受到人们的关注。然而，由于煤灰渣中的天然放射性水平较高，因此，在煤灰渣的综合利用，尤其在用作建筑材料时，不可避免地要受到其放射性核素的危害。本文在对四川省各燃煤电厂排放灰渣中的^238U,^232Th,^220R,^40X并无然放射性核素进行分析和研究的基础上，用UNSCEAR1982年报告所推荐的计算模式估算了各电厂煤灰渣制度建材对公众所产生的附加辐射剂量，评价了煤灰制度建材对环境和人群所产生的辐射影响，并提出了控制煤灰渣在建材中的最大掺合量，为其它作用的使用煤灰渣提出了科学的理论依据。     

MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SMALL STREAMS: SIGNIFICANCE AND FUNCTION1

ABSTRACT: Throughout the United States, land managers are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of small streams for a wide range of resource benefits. Where channel morphology is modified or structural features are added, stream dynamics and energy dissipation need to be considered. Unit stream power, defined here as the time-rate loss of potential energy per unit mass of water, can be reduced by adding stream obstructions, increasing channel sinuosity, or increasing flow resistance with large roughness elements such as woody root systems, logs, boulders, or bedrock. Notable morphological features of small streams are pools, riffles, bed material, and channel banks. Pools, which vary in size, shape, and causative factors, are important rearing habitat for fish. Riffles represent storage locations for bed material and are generally utilized for spawning. The particle sizes and distributions of bed material influence channel characteristics, bedload transport, food supplies for fish, spawning conditions, cover, and rearing habitat. Riparian vegetation helps stabilize channel banks and contributes in various ways to fish productivity. Understanding each stream feature individually and in relation to all others is essential for proper stream management. Although engineered structures for modifying habitat may alter stream characteristics, channel morphology must ultimately be matched to the hydraulic, geologic, and (especially) vegetative constraints of a particular location.     

石油加工与石油化工废料应用于钻井液

石油加工与石油化工废料，包括废白土、酸渣、碱渣、渣油、油泥、生产润滑油添加剂的废料、废催化剂、环烷酸釜残等，在钻井液中的用途较广，可以分别用作钻井液原始组分和润滑剂、消泡剂、多效防塌剂、抑制剂、稳定剂、废钻井液固化剂以及制备这些处理剂的基础材料。文中介绍了前苏联及独联体等在这方面的研究成果和现场应用情况。     

新型环境友好材料——沸石在水处理中的应用

沸石由于具有较好的吸附性、离子交换性、催化性、耐酸性和热稳定性,在水处理中能够有效地去除水中的氨氮、有机污染物、重金属离子、氟、磷和含氧酸阴离子,并且在使用和处理过程中不会对环境造成二次污染,是一种环境友好水处理材料.结合沸石的结构和性能特点,综述了沸石在水处理中的应用,总结了在应用方面存在的问题,并展望了沸石作为曝气生物滤池填料的研究方向.     

生物降解材料聚乳酸的合成及应用研究

聚乳酸（HA）是具有良好生物相容性和生物可降解性的高分子材料，正受到人们越来越多的关注，近年来被广泛应用。综述了PLA的两种合成方法——乳酸直接缩聚和丙交酯的开环聚合法，论述了PLA在药物控制释放、骨科固定、手术缝合线及日常生活等领域中的应用，展望了HA的合成、开发现状及应用前景。     

模糊综合评价法在液氯运输过程安全性评估的应用

将模糊综合评价方法和层次分析法用于危险化学品运输过程安全性评估,综合考虑在过程中危化品、人、车、路、环境等五个方面因素对整个过程安全性的影响,得到运输过程安全性等级。运用现有的泄漏模拟公式定量计算发生泄漏事故后所产生的危险区域,为人员疏散提供了决策帮助。最后以液氯运输过程为例进行安全评估,并计算泄漏后危险区域的范围。     

核电站炸药仓库安全防护管理系统探讨

某核电站(二期)工程存储有大量的炸药用以工程建设的负挖炸石、提供施工用的碎石。为保证炸药仓库的安全,对该仓库的监控系统进行了技术改造。改造后的安防系统是将计算机网络技术、现代通信技术、现代控制技术、视频显示技术、电子探测技术、现代软件工程、图像处理技术等有机结合,集信息、通信、控制、指挥为一体,实现信息和资源共享,便于统一指挥和调度,形成一个高效、智能、立体的炸药仓库安防管理系统。     

基于模糊数学的民爆器材库房安全综合评价模型及应用

笔者针对目前民爆器材库房事故的多发性及其安全的重要性,指出民爆器材库房安全评价方法的不足,提出对民爆器材库房复杂的多因素、多层次的人机系统应该采用模糊数学的方法进行安全评价。笔者通过分析影响民爆破器材库房安全的各个因素以及因素之间的相互联系,建立较为合理的民爆破器材库房安全评价指标体系,并给出各相关安全因素的权重;运用模糊数学方法建立民爆器材库房安全评价模型,以实例验证其实用性;同时提出了安全措施及对策,以预防及避免事故的发生。