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931.
932.
Field validation of a battery of biomarkers to assess sediment quality in Spanish ports 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Martín-Díaz ML Blasco J Sales D Delvalls TA 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,151(3):631-640
Two marine invertebrates, the crab Carcinus maenas and the clam Ruditapes philippinarum, were used as bioindicator species to assess contamination when exposed in situ to sediment from different sites from four Spanish ports Cadiz (SW Spain), Huelva (SW Spain), Bilbao (NE Spain) and Pasajes (NE Spain). In an attempt to determine sediments toxicity, a combination of exposure biomarkers was analyzed in both species: metallothionein-like-proteins (MTLPs), ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase activity (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR). In parallel, physical and chemical characterization of the different sediments was performed and biological responses related to the contaminants. Significant induction of MTLPs was observed when organisms were exposed to metal contaminated sediments (port of Huelva), and EROD and GPX activities after exposure to sediments containing organic compounds (port of Bilbao and Pasajes). No significant interspecies differences were observed in biomarker responses except for the GST and GR. 相似文献
933.
P. I. Yushkov 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2000,31(2):90-95
The data are presented that concern the accumulation and distribution of artificial radionuclides (90Sr and137Cs) in the aboveground organs of birch growing in the vicinity of the Beloyarskaya Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) in the permanently
inundated part of the Ol'khovka swamp, on its banks periodically flooded with water, and in watershed areas not influenced
by the swamp (control). Concentrations of both radionuclides in birch trees from the swamp and its banks were several times
as high as in trees from the watershed. The distribution of90Sr in birch trunk proved to be acropetal. Trees growing on the inundated part of the swamp and on dry land significantly differed
in the distribution of137Cs. The factors controlling the distribution and accumulation of both radionuclides in birch trees growing in these areas
are discussed. 相似文献
934.
935.
基于湿法再生吸附技术,利用强碱性季铵盐树脂材料制备了异相吸附剂薄膜,应用于大气中极低CO2的直接分离,以对抗全球变暖。通过滴定法分析吸附剂材料的电荷密度和吸附容量,利用SEM分析不同工况下制备出来的膜材料的表观结构,并对膜材料进行CO2吸附性能的测试。结果发现,热处理能够明显提高膜材料的吸附性能,还研究吸附剂制备对吸附速率,吸附量和机械强度等性能的影响,发现粒径小于43μm的树脂粉末,按60%质量分数制成的500μm厚膜材料具有较优的综合性能。 相似文献
936.
通过对红菱煤矿7煤和12煤的顶板、底板和夹层煤矸石的矿物、常量、微量、稀土元素的分析发现,这三个层位的煤矸石有较大的区别。利用考奇法恢复古盐度,7煤显示淡水和咸水沉积,12煤有明显的咸水沉积特征。利用微量元素和稀土元素对物源性质及其构造背景分析,结果表明煤矸石的物质来源和构造背景较复杂,源区为长英质或基性岩石区,源区构造背景为大洋岛弧或被动大陆区。 相似文献
937.
938.
939.
YOU Ke-wei GE Yun-shan HU Bin NING Zhan-wu ZHAO Shou-tang ZHANG Yan-ni XIE Peng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(10):1208-1213
The types and quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) inside vehicles have been determined in one new vehicle and two old vehicles under static conditions using the Thermodesorber-Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (TD-GC/MS).Air sampling and analysis was conducted under the requirement of USEPA Method TO-17.A room-size,environment test chamber was utilized to provide stable and accurate control of the required environmental conditions (temperature,humidity,horizontal and vertical airflow velocity,and background VOCs concentration).Static vehicle testing demonstrated that although the amount of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) detected within each vehicle was relatively distinct (4940μg/m~3 in the new vehicle A,1240μg/m~3 in used vehicle B,and 132μg/m~3 in used vehicle C),toluene,xylene,some aromatic compounds,and various C_7-C_(12) alkanes were among the predominant VOC species in all three vehicles tested.In addition,tetramethyl succinonitrile,possibly derived from foam cushions was detected in vehicle B.The types and quantities of VOCs varied considerably according to various kinds of factors,such as,vehicle age, vehicle model,temperature,air exchange rate,and environment airflow velocity.For example,if the airflow velocity increases from 0.1 m/s to 0.7 m/s,the vehicle's air exchange rate increases from 0.15 h~(-1) to 0.67 h~(-1),and in-vehicle TVOC concentration decreases from 1780 to 1201μg/m~3. 相似文献
940.
The contribution of aliphatic-rich plant biopolymer to sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds is significantly important because of their preservation and accumulation in the soil environment,but sorption mechanism is still not fully understood.In this study, sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions was examined to better understand the contributions of respective fraction.Toward this end,cuticular materials were isolated from the fruits of tomato by chemical method.The tomato cuticle sheet consisted of waxes (6.5 wt%),cuticular monomer (69.5 wt%),and polysaccharide (24.0 wt%).Isotherms of l-naphthol to the cuticular fractions were nonlinear (N value (0.82-0.90)) at the whole tested concentration ranges.The KodKow ratios for bulk cuticle (TC1),dewaxed cuticle (TC2),cutin (TC4),and desugared cuticle (TC5) were larger than unity,suggested that tomato bulk cuticle and cutin are much powerful solption medium.Sorption capability of cutin (TC4) was 2.4 times higher than the nonsaponifiable fraction (TC3).The 1-naphthol interactions with tomato cuticular materials were governed by both hydrophobic-type interactions and polar (H-bonding) interactions. Removal of the wax and polysaccharide materials from the bulk tomato cuticle caused a significant increase in the sorption ability of the cuticular material.There was a linear negative trend between K_(oc) values and the amount of polysaccharides or fraction's polarities ((N O)/C);while a linear positive relationship between K_(oc) values and the content of cutin monomer (linear R~2=0.993) was observed for present in the cuticular fractions.Predominant sorbent of the hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in the plant cuticular fraction was the cutin monomer,contributing to 91.7% of the total sorption of tomato bulk cuticle. 相似文献