城市污水处理厂动态模拟研究

利用活性污泥1号模型。对采用A/O工艺的上海某城市污水处理厂的碳化、硝化、反硝化过程进行计算机动态模拟，结果表明，出水中的TCOD、TN与污水处理厂的出水基本吻合，说明利用活性污泥1号模型对城市污水处理厂进行模拟是可行的。并根据模拟结果建议该厂运行过程中应降低A段的溶解氧。     

Spatial variations of Pb in the vertical zone of the soil-plant system in the Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve

The characteristics of vertical and horizontal variations of lead element (Pb) in soil-plant system of vertical zone in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve(CNNR)were studied.The results showed that Pb concentrations in soils of vertical zone are all above 25mg/kg,and the average Pb concentration of each soil zone negatively correlates its degree of variation,i.e.brown coniferous forest soil zone has the lowest average Pb concentration of four soil zones,and the highest horizontal variation;however,mountain soddy forest soil has the highest average Pb concentration,and the lowest horizontal variation;the average concentration of plant Pb of each plant zone is lower than the worldwide average level of Pb in plant(Clarke),respectively,and plant Pb content order is consistent with soil Pb content order,but their horizontal variations are different from those in soil zones,the variation of mountain tundra forest zone is highest,but Betula ermanii forest zoner the lowest.Vertical variation of plant Pb is obviously higher than that in soils with variation coefficient of 89.76%;the enrichment capability of plant for Pb is depended on the plant types and the different organs of plant;parent material and parent rock,pH values,soil organic matter and soil particle fraction etc.are the main factors influencing variations of Pb contant in soil-plant system of vertical zone in CNNR.     

南海现代珊瑚骨骼中放射性核素特征指纹

利用地表实验室高纯锗γ谱仪、中国锦屏极深地下实验室高纯锗γ谱仪、低本底β计数器系统测定我国南海1500km空间跨度上10个不同站位、5种不同种类和形状的现代珊瑚骨骼中6种最主要的天然放射性核素（²³⁸U、²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra、⁴⁰K）和人工放射性核素（¹³⁷Cs和⁹⁰Sr）的含量，获得现代珊瑚骨骼中放射性核素平均活度排序为²³⁸U（29.94Bq/kg） > ⁴⁰K（11.72Bq/kg） > ²²⁸Ra（6.37Bq/kg） > ²²⁶Ra（3.16Bq/kg） > ⁹⁰Sr（1.21Bq/kg） > ¹³⁷Cs（<0.06Bq/kg）.除了岸礁的珊瑚骨骼中²²⁸Ra活度高于环礁的珊瑚骨骼中²²⁸Ra活度的现象外，不同种类、不同离岸距离的珊瑚骨骼之间的同种放射性核素活度没有显著差异.本研究进一步对比珊瑚骨骼、珊瑚礁区沉积物、非珊瑚礁区的海洋沉积物、全球土壤的放射性核素活度含量，阐明珊瑚礁区是地表罕见的极低放射性水平区域，并指出现代珊瑚骨骼具有极低的²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U活度比值（~0.1）和极高的⁹⁰Sr/¹³⁷Cs活度比值（1000）的指纹特征.     

污水处理厂检测数据统计分析的研究

污水处理厂在管理方面积累了很多宝贵的经验,但还有一些有待提高的地方。尤其是在数据处理方面还没有认识到其重要性,给工艺管理带来了很多不利的因素。从实际运行管理需要出发,结合某污水处理厂实例,利用EXCEL和统计学知识,探讨了检测数据统计分析在污水处理厂中的应用,解决数据处理的问题,提高工艺管理水平,并取得了较好的效果。     

污染气象与火电厂除尘效率关系探讨

秦岭淮河以南地区具有平原型气象特征，大气污染扩散有其地域性规律。大型火力发电厂在地方大气污染防治中有着举足轻重的地位。探讨平原型污染气象与火电厂除尘效率的关系，寻求大气污染物 总量控制的途径。     

采油厂HSE管理体系运行存在问题及对策

分析了采油厂HSE管理体系实施过程中出现的问题,提出了增强体系有效性的对策。     

选煤厂主洗车间噪声控制

介绍了济宁二号煤矿选煤厂主洗车间噪声采取集气消声、隔声屏、隔声罩、阻尼减振以及墙面吸声处理等方法,显著地降低了作业场所噪声及厂区环境噪声。     

民用核能利用公众参与的权利表达和立法完善

涉核邻避事件表明,民用核能利用决策中公众参与的法律供给并不能有效满足现实的权利需求。民用核能利用公众参与权利分解为知情权、参与权和监督权,发挥着认知、沟通、认同、示助的功能,但也存在公众知识与能力有限、自利动机等局限性。本文认为,应理性对待公众参与权利,以防出现公众参与的效力过高或过低的情形。现行法中,我国民用核能利用公众参与呈现形式化保护到权利性保护的立法趋势,但权利内容并未达到完整表达,权利的实现途径和效力平衡的规定并不充分。因此,建议全面确立公众知情权;增强公众参与权的权能,包括保障公众的程序进入权、意见表达权,构建公众获得回应权和合理意见获得采纳权的保障机制;拓补公众监督权。     

污水处理厂化学除磷精确控制系统研究——以山东某污水处理厂为例

我国总磷排放标准日趋严格,污水处理厂为保证出水总磷达标,过量投加化学除磷剂,造成资源浪费.为在出水水质达标的基础上节省化学除磷剂添加量,以山东某污水处理厂为例设计了化学除磷精确控制系统.在充分考虑仪器故障潜在风险的前提下,根据进水磷酸盐负荷实时调整药剂投加量,采用"前馈+反馈"控制的模式,实现加药过程的自动化及智能化....     

Effect of acid solutions on plants studied by the optical beam deflection method

The optical beam deflection method was applied to study the effects of acid solution on both a terrestial and aquatic plants Egeria and Cerastium, which are common aquatic plant and terrestial weed respectively. A probe beam from a He-Ne laser was passed through a vicinity of a leaf of the plants, which were put in culture dishes filled with acid solutions. Deflection signals of the probe beam were monitored and compared for acid solutions with different pH values. The results of Egria showed that the deflection signals changed dramatically when pH values of acid solutions were 2.0 and 3.0, while little at pH of 4.0 and 5.0. For Cerastium when pH were below 3.0, deflection signals changed greatly with time at the begining. After a certain period of time, deflection signals changed little with time. When pH value was above 4.0, deflection signals of Cerastium were still changing with time even after 20 hours. The results suggested that the damage threshold of pH was between 3.0 and 4.0 for both the land and aquatic plants.