含弹内埋弹舱缩尺模型气动噪声特性研究

目的对含弹的内埋弹舱模型进行噪声仿真和试验研究。方法计算采用"CFD+CAA"的混合方法,采用DDES计算流场,基于M?hring声学类比方法得到测量点的噪声信息。采用该方法与空腔M219标准试验结果进行对比。内埋弹舱吹风试验在全消声室中进行,并采用传声器阵列识别主要噪声源。结果计算与试验得到的不同来流条件下,不同测量点的噪声频谱曲线基本一致。弹舱内最大声压级出现在中间弹翼附近的侧壁上,与声源识别的主要噪声源的位置一致。结论该研究可为内埋弹舱的设计提供参考和技术支持。     

FRP加固金属结构技术应用研究进展

从FRP加固金属结构设计研究、界面性能研究、工艺研究、耐久性研究等4个方面回顾了FRP加固金属结构技术的发展历程。探讨了FRP加固技术的优势,总结了现阶段FRP修复技术取得的成就和现阶段发展存在的不足。最后,对未来FRP修复技术的发展做了总结。可以预见,随着高性能FRP的不断研制成功以及研究的深入,FRP修复技术必将得到更广泛的应用。     

发展我国环境监测技术产业的探讨

本文从发展我国环境监测技术产业的角度论述了环境监测技术产业的主要内容，分析了我国环境监测技术产业的发展和存在的问题，对发展我国环境监测技术产业提出了建议。     

Desert Water Harvesting to Benefit Wildlife: A Simple, Cheap, And Durable Sub-Surface Water Harvester for Remote Locations

A sub-surface desert water harvester was constructed in the sagebrush steppe habitat of south-central Idaho, U.S.A. The desert water harvester utilizes a buried micro-catchment and three buried storage tanks to augment water for wildlife during the dry season. In this region, mean annual precipitation (MAP) ranges between about 150–250 mm (6″–10″), 70% of which falls during the cold season, November to May. Mid-summer through early autumn, June through October, is the dry portion of the year. During this period, the sub-surface water harvester provides supplemental water for wildlife for 30–90 days, depending upon the precipitation that year. The desert water harvester is constructed with commonly available, “over the counter” materials. The micro-catchment is made of a square-shaped, 20 mL. “PERMALON” polyethylene pond liner (approximately 22.9 m × 22.9 m = 523 m²) buried at a depth of about 60 cm. A PVC pipe connects the harvester with two storage tanks and a drinking trough. The total capacity of the water harvester is about 4777 L (1262 U.S. gallons) which includes three underground storage tanks, a trough and pipes. The drinking trough is refined with an access ramp for birds and small animals. The technology is simple, cheap, and durable and can be adapted to other uses, e.g. drip irrigation, short-term water for small livestock, poultry farming etc. The desert water harvester can be used to concentrate and collect water from precipitation and run-off in semi-arid and arid regions. Water harvested in such a relatively small area will not impact the ground water table but it should help to grow small areas of crops or vegetables to aid villagers in self-sufficiency.     

Study on the effect of porous fence on air quality and traffic noise level around a double-decked road structure

Fence for traffic noise control sometimes causes adverse effect on air pollution. Thus in this study, performance of porous fence as a tool for control of both air pollution and noise pollution was evaluated. A two-dimensional numerical model for flow and pollutant concentration and an analytical model for traffic noise were utilized in the analysis of a double-decked road structure with fences only at ground (Case 1) and at both ground and upper deck (Case 2). Porous fences were assumed only at the ground level since the solid fences at the upper deck usually leads to desirable result on air pollution. Effects of the variable porosity on air quality and noise level near road were evaluated. Obtained results showed: (1) flow pattern in leeward of fence was drastically changed at 40–50% porosity in Case 1 and 50% in Case 2. The porosity larger than 40% excluded presence of a circulation behind the fence. (2) Effect of porous fence on air pollution was different in Cases 1 and 2. In Case 1, the porous fence generally resulted in the reduction of air pollution at the ground level; on the other hand, in Case 2, it rather led to increase of the concentration. (3) Traffic noise level was also largely changed by the porosity of the fence; an example of simultaneous evaluation of the effects of porous fence on both air and noise pollution in Case 1 showed that the fence of 60% porosity leads to reduction of air pollution by 20% compared with solid fence case, and reduction of noise pollution by 4–6% in dB compared with no fence case, at l m high and 10 m from the road.     

固定化微生物处理有机污染物的研究进展

综述了近年来固定化微生物技术用于有机污染物治理中的最新进展，这些有机污染物包括难降解有机污染物（酚类、芳香烃类等）及其它化合物（DMP、甲硫醇恶臭气体、制药废水等）。此外，对藻类固定化技术作了简介，并对固定化技术的应用前景及存在问题进行了评述。     

ADMS模型解析城区总悬浮颗粒物来源

以污染源排放数据为基础,应用ADMS-城市扩散模型模拟分析了鞍山市尘各污染源对空气环境质量的贡献。结果表明,来自污染源的浓度贡献值占总量的52%;二次尘及外来尘浓度贡献占48%;矿山开采二次尘的浓度贡献占16%;鞍钢炼铁厂的浓度贡献占19.6%;鞍钢化工总厂浓度贡献占5.6%;供暖锅炉浓度贡献占9.3%。低、中、高架源浓度贡献百分比分别为68.1%、29.0%、2.9%。低架源吨排放量浓度贡献为高架源的2.4倍。     

兰州市空气质量预报系统研究

从潜势预报、统计预报、数值预报三方面介绍了兰州市空气质量预报系统的研究方法和结构特点,并检验分析了2001年4～10月兰州市空气质量预报,结果表明,此系统具有较强的预报能力,适用于兰州市空气质量预报业务。     

高等院校教育技术的发展思路探讨

本文阐述了高等院校教育技术的发展现状,分析了高等院校教育技术发展的特点,对高等院校教育技术的发展进行理性思考。认为高等院校应该在重视教育技术实践性和支持性研究的基础上,立足现实,更全面审视机构整合、教育信息化、信息资源库建设和教师培训这些热点问题。