根据循证医学理论和方法研制我国的《非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值调整指南》

对我国现行的职业接触限值及其制订依据进行梳理,系统研究美国、加拿大等国家职业接触限值调整的原理及方法,根据循证医学的理论和方法,确定我国《非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值调整指南》的制定依据、基本框架,梳理重要术语以及核心技术参数等,并对722种化学有害因素进行分类,包括修改魁北克模型第三版中73种物质的分类,比较核对我国现行职业接触限值标准（GBZ2.1-2007）,依据GBZ2.1的编制说明以及其他相关资料,补充魁北克模型中尚未涵盖的36种物质及其分类,在此基础上,进一步讨论《指南》解决的核心问题及需进一步配套进行的科学研究。     

社会组织参与下的职业健康治理模式分析与研究

针对现阶段政府监管主导下的职业健康治理模式存在的不足,从社会组织的角色定位、社会组织参与下的职业健康治理体系构成与运行机制等方面提出建议,并以目前多个地方现行的社会组织参与下的职业健康治理实践工作为例,对相关治理模式进行分析与总结,本文所提出的社会组织参与下的治理模式可以为各级政府和企业进一步提高相关职业健康治理水平提供参考和借鉴。     

中美粉尘职业暴露检测、评价与管理方法对比研究

为了进一步提高我国工作场所粉尘检测和评价工作的科学性,对我国和美国工作场所中粉尘的采样、检测数据的统计处理、评价以及工作场所的管理等方面进行了对比。结果表明,美国把粉尘职业暴露水平的检测、数据的统计处理、评价以及再检测与评价进行有机结合并形成完善的管理体系,我国和美国的粉尘采样方法基本相同,但我国缺少对工作场所粉尘职业暴露水平检测结果的统计处理以及再检测与评价的管理规定。通过对中美两国相关内容的对比和分析,针对完善我国粉尘暴露检测、数据统计处理、评价以及再检测与评价方面提出建议。     

The impacts of climate change on the risk of natural disasters

Human emissions of greenhouse gases are already changing our climate. This paper provides an overview of the relation between climate change and weather extremes, and examines three specific cases where recent acute events have stimulated debate on the potential role of climate change: the European heatwave of 2003; the risk of inland flooding, such as recently in Central Europe and Great Britain; and the harsh Atlantic hurricane seasons of 2004 and 2005. Furthermore, it briefly assesses the relation between climate change and El Ni?o, and the potential of abrupt climate change. Several trends in weather extremes are sufficiently clear to inform risk reduction efforts. In many instances, however, the potential increases in extreme events due to climate change come on top of alarming rises in vulnerability. Hence, the additional risks due to climate change should not be analysed or treated in isolation, but instead integrated into broader efforts to reduce the risk of natural disasters.     

Risk and vulnerability indicators at different scales:: Applicability, usefulness and policy implications

This paper outlines selected approaches to measuring risk and vulnerability to hazards of natural origin using indicators and indices. It discusses their applicability, usefulness and policy implications. Indicators and indices have been developed on different scales and for different purposes. The paper will briefly introduce three global approaches to disaster-risk identification and will juxtapose them with one local approach in order to examine the differences concerning the functions and the purpose of the assessment as well as their impact for policy development. In contrast to an earlier comparative analysis of the three global disaster-risk indicator programmes by Mark Pelling in 2004, which focused primarily on the methodologies used, this paper places more emphasis on aspects of applicability and policy implications and outlines challenges and limitations of the different approaches. Since the assessment and mapping of human vulnerability is less developed than hazard assessment work [Pelling M., 2004. Visions of Risk: A Review of International Indicators of Disaster Risk and its Management. UNDP—Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BRCP), Geneva], this paper focuses in greater depth on how the approaches capture vulnerability. Conclusions will be formulated on how to further enhance vulnerability identification, particularly at the sub-national level.     

四川绵竹清平乡文家沟“8·13”特大泥石流灾害

2010年8月13日四川绵竹市清平乡文家沟暴发特大规模泥石流灾害(简称"8.13"特大泥石流)。在野外调查的基础上,分析了此次泥石流灾害的特征,并从其形成条件入手,探讨了此次灾害的成因和未来发展趋势。文家沟流域在2010年8月12日16时至13日04时的降雨量达227 mm,暴雨形成强大洪水冲刷流域内在地震期间形成的滑坡-碎屑流堆积体,并形成高容重粘性泥石流。泥石流依次冲毁沟内19座谷坊和1座拦挡坝,冲出总量达429.3×104 m3,完全堵断绵远河,形成长约1 650 m、宽约420 m、高约12 m的堰塞坝,堰塞湖回水长1.5 km。泥石流共造成6人死亡或失踪,379间房屋被冲毁掩埋,汉(旺)清(平)公路中断,2座桥梁被毁。研究表明,松散物质的极大丰富和堵溃是导致"8.13"特大泥石流规模巨大的主要原因;文家沟在短期内泥石流仍会频发,但规模要比"8.13"泥石流小。     

Inherent safety concept based proactive risk reduction strategies: A review

The growing scale and complexity of process industries have brought safety, health, and environmental issues to the forefront. As a result, proactive risk reduction strategies (RRSs) are commonly employed to address these issues by reducing the frequency or mitigating the consequences of potential incidents. Among these strategies, inherent safety, which is a proactive measure of loss prevention and risk management, is considered to be the most effective method. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of RRSs for achieving inherency, as well as techniques for evaluating the performance of inherent safety, health, and environmental aspects. Background information is presented, including the development and implementation of the inherently safer process design, as well as the approaches for achieving inherently healthier and environmentally friendlier processes. Subsequently, the execution approaches and practical applications of other RRSs are discussed to highlight the distinctiveness and benefits of inherent safety. Next, this study examined the characteristics of inherency assessment tools (IATs) based on available information at different process stages. Furthermore, the evaluation methods and historical development of IATs are investigated from the perspectives of safety, occupational health, and environmental considerations, followed by a statistical analysis of IATs. It is concluded that the no-chemical hazards-based IATs have not been extensively studied yet, which may improve the safety level of process plants from the perspective of comprehensive inherency risk reduction. As a way forward, future research opportunities are proposed to promote the implementation of greater optimized risk management.