金沙江流域水土流失与人类活动影响分析

长江三峡水利枢纽工程能否正常发挥效益，泥沙是重要的制约因素之一，而水库的泥沙主要来自上游金沙江，其多年平均输沙量占入库寸滩站的５２７％。因此，本文对金沙江泥沙的地区组成、水土流失及人类活动影响等问题进行了深入的分析，并提出了防治对策。     

PRA浓度和显色温度对West—Gaeke法测定SO2的回归斜率和空白值的影响

试验研究表明，Ｗｅｓｔ－Ｇａｅｋｅ法制定大气ＳＯ２，空白试验值不仅随显色温度增高而增高，而且随ＰＲＡ浓度增高而增高。尤其，在２０±２℃时，ＰＲＡ浓度＞０．０１６％时，校准曲线斜率比方法规定值偏高；称取ＰＲＡ０．１００ｇ提纯后使用，在３０℃时，回归斜率比方法规定值偏低。本文提出了对方法的补充意见。     

油田高盐浓度废水对其生化处理的影响

根据油田压裂液废水中的盐浓度对生化处理系统的影响,对生化处理系统中活性污泥的生物学变化规律进行了实验研究。结果表明:当废水中盐浓度低于2.5×104mg/L时,废水生化处理系统对COD的去除率可稳定在92%左右,污泥活性良好;当废水中盐浓度达到2.5×104mg/L时,污泥活性开始受到抑制,COD去除率急剧下降(稳定在80%左右);当盐浓度达到3.5×104mg/L时,COD去除率下降到60%左右;当废水中盐浓度达到6.0×104mg/L时,污泥活性系统趋于崩溃。     

活性污泥法+接触氧化法工艺处理高盐度环氧丙烷生产废水的试验研究

采用活性污泥法和接触氧化两段工艺对高含盐的环氧丙烷生产废水进行处理，同时研究了不同水力停留时间的处理效果和不同的盐度对处理效果的影响。试验结果表明CODcr的去除率可以达84．38％，出水CODcr＜160mg／L，pH＜8。     

油田采出水过滤进水中不同粒径悬浮物的质量分布

采用已知孔径的微孔过滤器,对油田采出水的过滤进水进行了筛分,分析了悬浮物的质量浓度,并同步测定了颗粒体积浓度和几何特征值。除了D[v,0.5]具有指标性意义外,粒度分析结果并不能完全代表过滤等工艺的分离精度。悬浮物几何特征值、体积浓度和质量含量降低率不是同步的,其中质量浓度降低幅度最小。当粒径小于4μm的悬浮物质含量超过3mg/L时,难以被目前普遍采用的过滤工艺去除。应选择与膜过滤类似的更精密的工艺技术,才能最终达到采出水回用标准。     

原水嗅味与处理措施

针对日益普遍的以地表水为原水的饮用自来水中的嗅味问题,结合秦皇岛市水源地富营养化和水厂运行的实际情况,分析了嗅味产生的原因,给出了水源地和水厂需要采取的措施,特别是在当前水环境条件下,水厂需因地制宜地采取气浮及臭氧、活性碳等深度处理工艺.     

History and Development of the NRCS Lag Time Equation1

Abstract: Many of the hydrologic methods that are used in engineering practice today resulted from the Spring Flood of 1936, which blanketed the Northeastern portion of the United States. Because of the flood damage that was caused by this rainfall‐snowmelt event, many federal agencies including the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers and the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) implemented the hydrologic theories that were available in the literature at this time and developed hydrologic procedures for design flow estimation. Sherman had recently published his unit hydrograph theory in 1932, and later in 1938 Snyder, who had been charged by the Water Resource Council to develop a synthetic unit hydrograph, published his famous paper. The SCS unit hydrograph theory was developed by Victor Mockus in the late 1950s. Most if not all of the theories at that time reported the rainfall‐runoff process for floods as a surface phenomenon, and as such those theories all required some type of a timing parameter to estimate watershed response time. This article documents the development of the SCS lag equation.     

Copper ecotoxicology of marine algae: a methodological appraisal

The production of accurate and reliable data on copper ecotoxicology of marine algae depends on the use of trace metal clean techniques during experimentation. We reviewed the methodologies used in the literature on copper ecotoxicology of marine macro- and microalgae, specifically the use of trace metal clean procedures such as the labware used (glassware vs. plasticware), methods of cleaning the labware (acid soaking and ultrapure water rinsing), stock solution preparation (copper source and acidification), and measurement and reporting of dissolved copper concentrations. In terms of taxonomic classification, the most studied algal groups were the Phyla Ochrophyta, Bacillariophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta. In terms of methodology, ～50% of the articles did not specify the labware, ～25% used glassware, and ～25% plasticware; ～30% of the studies specified cleaning protocols for labware to remove trace metal impurities; the copper form used to prepare the stock solutions was specified in ～80% of studies but acidification to stabilise the dissolved copper was performed in only ～20%; and the dissolved copper concentration was measured in only ～40% of studies. We discuss the importance of following trace metal clean techniques for the comparison and interpretation of data obtained on copper ecotoxicology in algae.     

除臭剂对填埋场作业面臭气去除效果的试验研究

在等体积的试验桶中放置相同量的生活垃圾,通过喷洒等量的、不同类型的植物型和生物型除臭剂来进行除臭,采用化验分析及人的嗅觉形式来确定试验效果。试验结果显示,微生物型除臭剂对臭气去除的效果优于植物型除臭剂。在喷洒量为100 m L、质量分数为1.0%的情况下,S-1对H_2S、NH_3、臭气的去除率分别为87.4%,41.4%,99.5%;恶臭强度可维持在2~4 h。在3 000 m~2的填埋场作业面喷洒S-1,取得了良好的效果。